Abstract
Mumakore achangopfuura, China nedzimwe nyika dzakaisa mari yakawanda mukutsvagisa nekugadzira kugona kwehunyanzvi hwekuratidzira. Zvichakadaro, akasiyana ekuratidzira tekinoroji mamiriro, kubva pachinyakare LCD (mvura yekristaro kuratidza) kusvika nekukurumidza kuwedzera OLED (organic light-emitting diode) uye iri kubuda QLED (quantum-dot light-emitting diode), vari kukwikwidza kutonga kwemusika. Pakati pekupokana, OLED, yakatsigirwa nemutungamiri wetekinoroji sarudzo yeApple yekushandisa OLED kune yayo iPhone X, inoita kunge iine chinzvimbo chiri nani, asi QLED, kunyangwe ichine zvipingamupinyi zvetekinoroji yekukunda, yakaratidza mukana waunogona mumhando yemhando, mutengo wakaderera wekugadzira. uye upenyu hurefu.
Ndeipi tekinoroji ichahwina makwikwi anopisa? Vagadziri veChinese uye masangano ekutsvagisa akagadzirirwa sei kusimudzira tekinoroji? Ndeapi marongero anofanirwa kuitwa kukurudzira hunyanzvi hweChina uye kusimudzira kukwikwidza kwayo pasi rese? Pamusangano wepamhepo wakarongwa neNational Science Ongororo, mupepeti-mukuru-mukuru, Dongyuan Zhao, akabvunza nyanzvi ina dzinotungamira uye masayendisiti muChina.
KUSIMUKA OLED ZVINHU LCD
Zhao: Isu tese tinoziva tekinoroji yekuratidzira yakakosha. Parizvino, kune OLED, QLED uye echinyakare LCD matekinoroji anokwikwidzana. Ndeipi misiyano yavo uye zvakanakira chaizvo? Totanga kubva kuOLED?
Huang: OLED yakakurumidza kukura mumakore achangopfuura. Zviri nani kuienzanisa neLCD yechinyakare kana tichida kunzwisisa zvakajeka maitiro ayo. Panyaya yechimiro, LCD inonyanya kuve nezvikamu zvitatu: backlight, TFT backplane uye cell, kana chikamu chemvura chekuratidzira. Yakasiyana neLCD, OLED mwenje yakananga nemagetsi. Nekudaro, haidi backlight, asi ichiri kuda iyo TFT backplane kuti itonge pekuvhenekera. Nekuti iyo yemahara kubva kubacklight, OLED ine muviri mutete, yakakwirira yekupindura nguva, yakakwirira ruvara musiyano uye yakaderera simba rekushandisa. Pamwe, inogona kunge iine mutengo mukana pane LCD. Mhedzisiro huru ndeye kuratidza kwayo inochinjika, inoita seyakaoma kwazvo kuwana yeLCD.
Liao: Chaizvoizvo, pakanga paine / kune akawanda akasiyana marudzi ehunyanzvi hwekuratidzira, akadai seCRT (cathode ray chubhu), PDP (plasma display panel), LCD, LCOS (liquid crystals pasilicon), laser display, LED (light-emitting diodes. ), SED (pamusoro-conduction electron-emitter display), FED (filed emission display), OLED, QLED uye Micro LED. Kubva pakuratidzira tekinoroji yehupenyu hwekutarisa, Micro LED neQLED inogona kutariswa sepanhanganyaya, OLED iri muchikamu chekukura, LCD yezvese komputa neTV iri muchikamu chekukura, asi LCD yenharembozha iri muchikamu chekudzikira, PDP neCRT zviri muchikamu chekubvisa. Ikozvino, zvigadzirwa zveLCD zvichiri kutonga musika wekuratidzira nepo OLED ichipinda mumusika. Sezvambotaurwa naDr Huang, OLED zvechokwadi ine zvimwe zvakanakira pamusoro peLCD.
Huang : Zvisinei nezviri pachena zvakanakira tekinoroji yeOLED pamusoro peLCD, hazvina kujeka kuti OLED itsive LCD. Semuenzaniso, kunyangwe zvese OLED neLCD vachishandisa TFT backplane, iyo OLED's TFT yakaoma zvikuru kugadzirwa pane iyo yevoltage-driven LCD nekuti OLED inotyairwa parizvino. Kazhinji, matambudziko ekugadzirwa kwakawanda kwehunyanzvi hwekuratidzira anogona kupatsanurwa mumapoka matatu, anoti matambudziko esainzi, matambudziko einjiniya uye matambudziko ekugadzira. Nzira nematenderedzwa ekugadzirisa aya marudzi matatu ematambudziko akasiyana.
Parizvino, LCD yanga yakura, nepo OLED ichiri muchikamu chekutanga chekuputika kwemaindasitiri. Kune OLED, kuchine matambudziko mazhinji ekukurumidzira kuti agadziriswe, kunyanya matambudziko ekugadzira anoda kugadziriswa nhanho nhanho mukuita kwehuwandu hwekugadzira mutsara. Pamusoro pezvo, chikumbaridzo chikuru cheLCD neOLED chakakwira zvakanyanya. Kuenzaniswa nekutanga kuvandudzwa kweLCD makore mazhinji apfuura, kufambira mberi kweOLED kwave kukurumidza.
Ndichiri munguva pfupi, OLED haigone kukwikwidza neLCD mune yakakura saizi skrini, ko vanhu vangashandura tsika yavo yekushandisa kuti vasiye skrini hombe?
—Jun Xu
Liao: Ndinoda kuwedzera imwe data. Sekureva kwekambani yekubvunza HIS Markit, muna 2018, kukosha kwemusika wepasi rose wezvigadzirwa zveOLED kuchave US$38.5 bhiriyoni. Asi muna 2020, ichasvika US$67 bhiriyoni, iine avhareji yekukura kwegore rekukura kwe46%. Kumwe kufanotaura kunofungidzira kuti OLED inotora 33% yemusika wekutengesa musika, uye yasara 67% neLCD muna 2018. Asi mugove wemusika weOLED unogona kusvika ku54% muna 2020.
Huang: Kunyange masosi akasiyana angave nekufungidzira kwakasiyana, mukana weOLED pamusoro peLCD mune diki uye nepakati-saizi yekuratidzira skrini yakajeka. Mune diki-saizi skrini, senge smart wachi uye smart foni, mwero wekupinda weOLED ungangoita 20% kusvika 30%, inomiririra kumwe kukwikwidza. Kune yakakura saizi sikirini, seTV, kufambira mberi kweOLED [kupikisa LCD] kungada imwe nguva.
LCD INORWIRA KUDZOKERA
Xu: LCD yakatanga kutaurwa muna 1968. Munguva yekuvandudza kwayo, tekinoroji yakakunda zvishoma nezvishoma kukanganisa kwayo uye yakakunda mamwe matekinoroji. Ndezvipi zvasara zvinokanganisa? Zvinozivikanwa zvakanyanya kuti LCD yakaoma kwazvo kuti igadzirwe. Mukuwedzera, LCD haibudisi chiedza, saka chiedza chemashure chinodiwa. Maitiro ekuratidzira matekinoroji ndeyechokwadi kune yakareruka uye yakatetepa (skrini).
Asi parizvino, LCD yakakura kwazvo uye ine hupfumi. Iyo inodarika kure OLED, uye iwo mufananidzo wemhando uye mutsauko wekuratidzira hausiire kumashure. Parizvino, chinangwa chikuru cheLCD tekinoroji ndeye-head-mounted display (HMD), zvinoreva kuti tinofanira kushanda pakuratidzira kugadzirisa. Uye zvakare, OLED parizvino yakakodzera chete yepakati uye diki-saizi skrini, asi hombe skrini inofanirwa kuvimba neLCD. Ichi ndicho chikonzero iyo indasitiri inoramba ichidyara muiyo 10.5th chizvarwa kugadzira mutsara (weLCD).
Zhao: Iwe unofunga kuti LCD ichatsiviwa neOLED kana QLED?
Xu: Kunyange zvichikanganiswa zvakanyanya neOLED yakanyanya kutetepa uye inochinjika kuratidza , isu tinodawo kuongorora kusakwana kweOLED. Nekushandisa kwemwenje kuve organic, hupenyu hwayo hwekuratidzira hunogona kunge hupfupi. LCD inogona kushandiswa nyore nyore kwe100 000 maawa. Imwe nzira yekudzivirira neLCD ndeyekugadzira inochinjika skrini yekurwisa iyo inochinjika kuratidza yeOLED. Asi ichokwadi kuti kunetseka kukuru kuripo muLCD indasitiri.
Indasitiri yeLCD inogonawo kuedza mamwe (counterattacking) mazano. Isu tinobatsira muhukuru-hukuru skrini, asi zvakadini makore matanhatu kana manomwe gare gare? Ndichiri munguva pfupi, OLED haigone kukwikwidza neLCD mune yakakura saizi skrini, ko vanhu vangashandura tsika yavo yekushandisa kuti vasiye skrini hombe? Vanhu vangasaona TV uye vanongotora anotakurika skrini.
Dzimwe nyanzvi dzinoshanda pachirongwa chekuongorora musika cheCCID (China Center for Information Industry Development) yakafanotaura kuti mumakore mashanu kusvika matanhatu, OLED ichave ine pesvedzero mudiki nepakati skrini. Saizvozvo, mukuru mukuru weBOE Technology akati mushure memakore mashanu kusvika matanhatu, OLED inoyera kana kutopfuura LCD mumadiki madiki, asi kuti ubate neLCD, ingangoda makore gumi kusvika gumi nemashanu.
MICRO LED INOBUDA SEIMWE RIVALING TECHNOLOGY
Xu: Kunze kweLCD, Micro LED (Micro Light-Emitting Diode Display) yakavepo kwemakore mazhinji, kunyangwe kutarisisa kwevanhu kusarudzo yekuratidzira hakuna kumutswa kusvika Chivabvu 2014 apo Apple yakawana US-based yeMicro LED developer LuxVue Technology. Zvinotarisirwa kuti Micro LED ichashandiswa pamidziyo inopfekwa yedhijitari kuvandudza hupenyu hwebhatiri uye kupenya kwescreen.
Micro LED, inonziwo mLED kana μLED, inyanzvi yekuratidzira tekinoroji. Uchishandisa inonzi inonzi mass transfer tekinoroji, Micro LED maratidziro anosanganisira akatevedzana emicroscopic LEDs achigadzira ega pixel zvinhu. Inogona kupa mutsauko uri nani, nguva dzekupindura, kugadzirisa kwakanyanya uye kushanda nesimba. Kana ichienzaniswa neOLED, ine hunyanzvi hwekuvhenekesa uye hurefu hwehupenyu, asi inochinjika kuratidza yakaderera kune OLED. Kuenzaniswa neLCD, Micro LED ine musiyano uri nani, nguva dzekupindura uye kushanda nesimba. Inoonekwa zvakanyanya seyakakodzera zvipfeko, AR/VR, auto kuratidza uye mini-purojekiti.
Nekudaro, Micro LED ichine mamwe mabhodhoro etekinoroji mu epitaxy, kutamisa hukuru, kutyaira dunhu, kuzara kwemavara, uye kutarisa nekugadzirisa. Iyo inewo yakakwira zvakanyanya mutengo wekugadzira. Nenguva pfupi, haigone kukwikwidza yechinyakare LCD. Asi sechizvarwa chitsva chekuratidzira tekinoroji mushure meLCD neOLED, Micro LED yakagamuchira kutariswa kwakakura uye inofanirwa kunakidzwa nekutengesa nekukurumidza mumakore matatu kusvika mashanu ari kuuya.
QUANTUM DOT INOPINDA MAKWIKWI
Peng: Inouya kune quantum dot. Kutanga, QLED TV pamusika nhasi ipfungwa inorasika. Quantum dots ikirasi ye semiconductor nanocrystals, iyo emission wavelength inogona kuramba ichigadziriswa nekuda kweiyo inonzi quantum confinement effect. Nekuti iwo inorganic makristasi, quantum dots mumidziyo yekuratidzira yakagadzikana zvakanyanya. Zvakare, nekuda kwechimiro chavo chekristaro chimwechete, ruvara rwekubuda rwemadotsi ehuwandu hunogona kuve hwakanyanya kuchena, izvo zvinoraira mhando yemhando yemidziyo yekuratidzira.
Sezvineiwo, quantum dots semwenje-emitting zvinhu zvine chekuita neOLED neLCD. Iwo anonzi maQLED TV pamusika anonyatso quantum-dot akakwidziridzwa LCD TVs, ayo anoshandisa quantum dots kutsiva girinhi uye tsvuku phosphors muLCD's backlight unit. Nekuita izvi, LCD inoratidza inovandudza kuchena kwavo kwemavara, mhando yemifananidzo uye kushandiswa kwesimba. Maitiro ekushanda e quantum dots mune aya akakwenenzverwa maLCD anoratidza ndeye yavo photoluminescence.
Nehukama hwayo neOLED, quantum-dot light-emitting diode (QLED) inogona neimwe pfungwa kutorwa semagetsi emagetsi nekutsiva iyo organic mwenje-emitting zvinhu muOLED. Kunyangwe QLED neOLED zvine chimiro chakada kufanana, ivo vanewo misiyano inooneka. Zvakafanana neLCD ine quantum-dot backlighting unit, color gamut yeQLED yakapamhama kupfuura iyo yeOLED uye yakatsiga kupfuura OLED.
Mumwe mutsauko mukuru pakati peOLED neQLED ndiyo tekinoroji yavo yekugadzira. OLED inovimba nepamusoro-chaiyo nzira inonzi vacuum evaporation ine yakakwirira-resolution mask. QLED haigone kugadzirwa nenzira iyi nekuti quantum dots seinorganic nanocrystals yakaoma kwazvo kunyungudika. Kana QLED ichigadzirwa mune zvekutengesa, inofanirwa kudhindwa uye kugadziriswa nemhinduro-based tekinoroji. Iwe unogona kuona izvi sehutera, sezvo magetsi ekudhinda parizvino akanyanya kushoma pane iyo vacuum-based tekinoroji. Nekudaro, mhinduro-yakavakirwa kugadzirisa inogona zvakare kutariswa seyakanakira, nekuti kana dambudziko rekugadzira rikakundwa, rinodhura zvishoma pane vacuum-based tekinoroji yakaisirwa OLED. Pasina kufunga nezve TFT, kudyara mumutsara wekugadzira weOLED kunowanzo dhura makumi emabhiriyoni emayuan asi kudyara kweQLED kunogona kungodzikira 90-95%.
Tichifunga nezvekudzikira kwekugadzirisa tekinoroji yekudhinda, QLED ichanetsa kusvika pachisarudzo chikuru kupfuura 300 PPI (pixels per inch) mukati memakore mashoma. Nekudaro, QLED inogona kusashandisirwa zviratidziro zvidiki-diki pari zvino uye kugona kwayo kuchave kuri pakati nepakati kusvika kuhombe-hukuru kuratidza.
Zhao: Quantum dots is inorganic nanocrystal, zvinoreva kuti inofanirwa kupfuudzwa ne organic ligands yekugadzikana uye kushanda. Nzira yekugadzirisa sei dambudziko iri? Chechipiri, kugadzirwa kwekutengesa kwequantum dots kunogona kusvika pachiyero cheindasitiri?
Peng: Mibvunzo yakanaka. Ligand chemistry ye quantum dots yakagadzira nekukurumidza mumakore maviri kusvika matatu apfuura. Colloidal kugadzikana kweinorganic nanocrystals kunofanirwa kutaurwa nezvekugadziriswa. Isu takashuma muna 2016 kuti giremu rimwe remadoti ehuwandu rinogona kuparadzirwa zvakadzika mune imwe millilita ye organic solution, iyo inokwana kudhinda tekinoroji. Pamubvunzo wechipiri, makambani akati wandei akakwanisa kuburitsa akawanda madotsi. Parizvino, ese aya vhoriyamu yekugadzira yakavakirwa kugadzirwa kweiyo backlighting units yeLCD. Zvinotendwa kuti ese epamusoro-ekupedzisira maTV kubva kuSamsung muna 2017 ese maLCD TV ane quantum-dot backlighting units. Pamusoro pezvo, Nanosys muUnited States iri kugadzirawo quantum dots yeLCD TVs. NajingTech kuHangzhou, China inoratidza kugona kugadzira kutsigira maChinese TV vagadziri. Sekuziva kwangu, NajingTech iri kumisa mutsara wekugadzira mamirioni gumi seti yeruvara TV ine quantum-dot backlighting units pagore.
Zvido zveChina parizvino hazvigone kugutsikana zvizere kubva kumakambani ekunze. Izvo zvinodiwawo kuzadzisa zvinodiwa zvemusika wepamba. Ndosaka China ichifanira kuvandudza kugona kwayo kweOLED kugadzira.
—Liangsheng Liao
CHINA VAkwikwidzi MUCHIRATIDZO MARKET
Zhao: Makambani ekuSouth Korea akaisa zviwanikwa zvakakura muOLED. Sei? China ingadzidzei kubva pane zvakaitika kwavari?
Huang: Zvichienderana nekunzwisisa kwangu Samsung, inotungamira yekuKorea mutambi mumusika weOLED, hatingati yaive nefanoona pakutanga. Samsung yakatanga kuisa mari muAMOLED (active-matrix organic light-emitting diode, rudzi rukuru rweOLED yakashandiswa muindasitiri yekuratidzira) munenge muna 2003, uye haina kuziva kugadzirwa kwehuwandu kusvika 2007. Kugadzirwa kwayo kweOLED kwakasvika kune purofiti muna 2010. Kubva ipapo. , Samsung zvishoma nezvishoma yakachengetedza musika monopoly chimiro.
Saka, pekutanga, OLED yaingova imwe chete yeSamsung akati wandei mamwe tekinoroji nzira. Asi nhanho nhanho, yakawana chinzvimbo chakanakira mumusika uye saka yakatarisira kuichengetedza nekuwedzera kwayo kugadzira kwayo.
Chimwe chikonzero zvinodiwa nevatengi. Apple yakaramba kushandisa OLED kwemamwe makore nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana, kusanganisira kupokana patent neSamsung. Asi mushure mekunge Apple yatanga kushandisa OLED kune yayo iPhone X, yakaratidza simba guru muindasitiri yese. Saka ikozvino Samsung yakatanga kukohwa mari yayo yakaunganidzwa mumunda uye yakatanga kuwedzera huwandu hwayo.
Zvakare, Samsung yakashandisa nguva yakawanda uye kuedza mukuvandudza kwechigadzirwa cheni. Makore makumi maviri kana makumi matatu apfuura, Japan yaive neyakanyanya kuzara chigadzirwa cheni yezvigadzirwa zvekuratidzira. Asi kubvira Samsung yakapinda mumunda panguva iyoyo, yakashandisa simba rakakura kurima kumusoro nekudzika kwemafemu eKorea. Iye zvino vagadziri veRepublic of Korea (ROK) vakatanga kutora chikamu chikuru mumusika.
Liao: Vagadziri vekuSouth Korea vanosanganisira Samsung neLG Electronics vakadzora makumi mapfumbamwe muzana ezvepasi rose zvepakati uye diki-saizi OLED mapaneru. Sezvo Apple yakatanga kutenga mapaneru eOLED kubva kuSamsung kune zvigadzirwa zvenharembozha, pakanga pasisina mapaneru akakwana ekutumira kuChina. Naizvozvo, zvinodiwa neChina parizvino hazvigone kugutsikana zvizere kubva kumakambani ekunze. Nekune rimwe divi, nekuti China ine musika wakakura wemafoni, zvingave zvakakodzera kuzadzisa zvinodiwa kuburikidza nekuedza kwepamba. Ndosaka China ichifanira kuvandudza kugona kwayo kweOLED kugadzira.
Huang: Kukosha kwekugadzirwa kweLCD kweChina ikozvino kwakakwira pasi rose. Kuenzaniswa nedanho rekutanga rekuvandudzwa kweLCD, chimiro cheChina muOLED chakavandudzwa zvinoshamisa. Kana ichigadzira LCD, China yakatora maitiro ekusuma-absorption-renovation. Ikozvino kune OLED, isu tine yakakwira yakawanda muzana yekuzvimiririra innovation.
Zvatinakira zviripi? Chekutanga musika muhombe uye manzwisisiro edu e(vekumba) zvinodiwa nevatengi.
Zvadaro chiyero chehupfumi hwevanhu. Fekitari imwe hombe ichagadzira zviuru zvemabasa, uye ichaunganidza boka rose rekugadzira, rinobatanidza zviuru zvevashandi. Zvinodiwa zvekupa mainjiniya aya nevashandi vane hunyanzvi zvinogona kuzadzikiswa muChina.
Chakanakira chechitatu kutsigira kwenyika. Hurumende ine zvitsigiro zvakakura uye kugona kwevagadziri vetekinoroji kuri kuita nani. Ini ndinofunga vagadziri veChinese vachave nekubudirira kukuru muOLED.
Kunyangwe isu tisingakwanise kutaura kuti mabhenefiti edu anokunda pamusoro peROK, uko Samsung neLG vanga vachitonga munda kwemakore mazhinji, takawana zvakawanda zvakakosha kufambira mberi mukugadzira zvinhu uye zvikamu zveOLED. Isu tinewo yakakwira mwero wehunyanzvi mune process tekinoroji uye magadzirirwo. Isu tatova nevazhinji vagadziri vakadai seVisionox, BOE, EDO uye Tianma, avo vane matura akakosha etekinoroji.
MKANA WEKUCHINA KUTENDA QLED?
Zhao: Chii chakazvimirira cheChina hunyanzvi kana kuenzanisa tekinoroji zvakanakira muQLED?
Peng: Sezvambotaurwa pamusoro, pane nzira mbiri dzekushandisa quantum madots ekuratidzira, dzinoti photoluminescence mukuvhenekera kumashure.
KuQLED, matanho matatu ebudiriro yetekinoroji [kubva kunyaya yesainzi kuenda kuinjiniya uye pakupedzisira kusvika mukugadzirwa kwehuwandu] akasanganiswa pamwechete panguva imwe chete. Kana munhu achida kuhwina mukwikwidzi, zvinodikanwa kuisa mari pamativi ese matatu.
— Xiaogang Peng
zvikamu zveLCD uye electroluminescence muQLED. Kune iyo photoluminescence application, kiyi ndeye quantum-dot zvinhu. China ine mabhenefiti anooneka mune quantum-dot zvinhu.
Mushure mekunge ndadzokera kuChina, NajingTech (yakavambwa naPeng) yakatenga ese akakosha patents akagadzirwa neni muUnited States pasi pemvumo yehurumende yeUS. Aya patents anovhara iyo yakakosha synthesis uye kugadzirisa matekinoroji ehuwandu dots. NajingTech yakatogadzira hunyanzvi hwekugadzira hukuru hwehuwandu hwemadotsi. Sekuenzanisa, Korea - inomiririrwa neSamsung - ndiyo yazvino inotungamira kambani mune ese maficha ekuratidzira indasitiri, iyo inopa mabhenefiti makuru mukutengesa kwehuwandu-dot kuratidza. Mukupera kwa2016, Samsung yakawana QD Vision (inotungamira quantum-dot tekinoroji yekuvandudza inogara muUnited States). Pamusoro pezvo, Samsung yakaisa mari yakawanda mukutenga quantum-dot-ane hukama patent uye mukugadzira tekinoroji.
China iri kutungamira pasi rose mu electroluminescence parizvino. Muchokwadi, yaive 2014 Nature kuburitswa neboka revasayendisiti kubva kuZhejiang University zvakaratidza kuti QLED inogona kusvika kune zvakaomesesa zvinodiwa zvekuratidzira maapplication. Nekudaro, ndiani achave muhwina wekupedzisira mumakwikwi epasi rose pa electroluminescence hazvisati zvajeka. Kudyara kweChina muquantum-dot tekinoroji inosaririra kumashure kweUS neROK. Chaizvoizvo, iyo quantum-dot tsvagiridzo yakatarisana muUS kune yakawanda yenhoroondo yayo, uye vatambi veSouth Korea vakadyara zvakanyanya munzira iyi zvakare.
Kune electroluminescence, zvinokwanisika kuvepo pamwe neOLED kwenguva yakareba. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti, mudiki skrini, QLED's resolution inoganhurwa nehunyanzvi hwekudhinda.
Zhao: Iwe unofunga kuti QLED ichave nemabhenefiti pamusoro peOLED mumutengo kana kugadzirwa kwakawanda? Ichave yakachipa kupfuura LCD?
Peng: Kana electroluminescence ikabudirira kuwanikwa nekudhinda, ichave yakachipa zvakanyanya, ine chete 1/10th mutengo weOLED. Vagadziri vakaita seNajingTech neBOE muChina vakaratidza kudhinda maratidziro ane quantum dots. Parizvino, QLED haikwikwidze neOLED zvakananga, ichipihwa musika wayo mune diki-saizi skrini. Nguva yadarika, Dr. Huang vakataura matanho matatu ebudiriro yetekinoroji, kubva panyaya yesainzi kuenda kuhuinjiniya uye pakupedzisira kusvika pakugadzirwa kwakawanda. Kune QLED, iwo matanho matatu akasanganiswa pamwechete panguva imwe chete. Kana munhu achida kuhwina mukwikwidzi, zvinodikanwa kuisa mari pamativi ese matatu.
Huang: Apo OLED yakaenzaniswa neLCD munguva yakapfuura, zvakawanda zvakanaka zveOLED zvakasimbiswa, zvakadai sepamusoro pemavara gamut, kusiyana kwepamusoro uye kukurumidza kupindura uye zvichingodaro. Asi pamusoro pezvakanakira zvingave zvakaoma kuve hukuru hwakakura kuita kuti vatengi vasarudze kutsiva.
Zvinoita sekunge zvinogoneka kuti iyo inochinjika kuratidza inozopedzisira yatungamira muurayi mukana. Ini ndinofunga QLED ichasanganawo nemamiriro akafanana. Chii chaicho chakanakira kana chichienzaniswa neOLED kana LCD? Kune QLED, zvinoita sekunge zvave zvakaoma kuwana mukana mudiki skrini. Dr. Peng vataura kuti mukana wavo uri muhukuru hwepakati skrini, asi chii chakasiyana?
Peng: Iwo maviri marudzi emabhenefiti akakosha eQLED anokurukurwa pamusoro. Imwe, QLED yakavakirwa pamhinduro-yakavakirwa kudhinda tekinoroji, iyo ine mutengo wakaderera uye goho rakakura. Vaviri, quantum-dot emitters vender QLED ine hombe yeruvara gamut, yemhando yepamusoro yemifananidzo uye yemhando yepamusoro yehupenyu hwese. Chidzitiro chepakati-kati chiri nyore kune ari kuuya eQLED matekinoroji asi QLED yechidzitiro hombe ingangove yekuwedzera zvine musoro mushure.
Huang: Asi vatengi vanogona kusagamuchira chete iri nani yakafara ruvara rudzi kana vachida kubhadhara mari yakawanda kune izvi. Ini ndingakurudzira QLED kuti itarise shanduko yemhando dzemavara, senge ichangobva kuburitswa BT2020 (kutsanangura yakakwirira-tsanangudzo 4 K TV), uye matsva akasiyana maapplication asingagone kugutswa nehumwe matekinoroji. Ramangwana reQLED rinoratidzikawo richitsamira pakukura kwehunyanzvi hwekudhinda.
Peng: Nyowani chiyero (BT2020) zvirokwazvo inobatsira QLED, yakapihwa BT2020 zvinoreva yakafara ruvara gamut. Pakati pematekinoroji akurukurwa nhasi, quantum-dot inoratidza mune chero fomu ndiyo chete inogona kugutsa BT2020 pasina muripo wemaziso. Pamusoro pezvo, zvidzidzo zvakawana kuti mhando yemifananidzo yekuratidzira yakabatana zvakanyanya neruvara gamut. Ndizvozvo kuti kukura kwe tekinoroji yekudhinda kunoita basa rakakosha mukuvandudza kweQLED. Ikozvino tekinoroji yekudhinda yakagadzirira yepakati-saizi skrini uye inofanirwa kukwidziridzwa kune yakakura-hukuru skrini pasina dambudziko rakawanda.
KUKANGANISA TSAKA UYE DZIDZO DZIMWE KUTI USIMURIRE TEKNOLOJI YOKURATIDZA
Xu: Kuti QLED ive inotonga tekinoroji, zvichiri kuoma. Mukuita kwayo kwekusimudzira, OLED inoitangira uye kune mamwe matekinoroji anokwikwidza anotevera. Nepo isu tichiziva kuva neayo ekutanga patents uye yakakosha tekinoroji yeQLED inogona kukuita iwe chinzvimbo chakanaka, kubata yakakosha matekinoroji chete hakugone kuve nechokwadi chekuti iwe uve tekinoroji huru. Kudyara kwehurumende mumatekinoroji akakosha akadai idiki kana ichienzaniswa neindasitiri uye haigone kusarudza kuti QLED ive tekinoroji.
Peng: Chikamu cheindasitiri yemukati chatanga kuisa mari mune aya matekinoroji emangwana. Semuyenzaniso, NajingTech yakaisa mari inosvika mazana mana emamiriyoni eyuan ($65 miriyoni) muQLED, kunyanya mu electroluminescence. Kune vamwe vatambi vepamba vanotungamira vakaisa mari mumunda. Hongu, izvi zviri kure nekukwana. Semuenzaniso, kune mashoma makambani epamba anodyara R&D yematekinoroji ekudhinda. Michina yedu yekudhinda inonyanya kugadzirwa nevatambi veUS, Europe neJapan. Ini ndinofunga uyu zvakare mukana weChina (yekuvandudza matekinoroji ekudhinda).
Xu: Indasitiri yedu inoda kushanda pamwe nemayunivhesiti uye masangano ekutsvagisa kugadzira kernel innovative tekinoroji. Parizvino vanovimba zvakanyanya nemichina inotengwa kunze kwenyika. Kubatana kwakasimba kweindasitiri-yevadzidzi kunofanirwa kubatsira kugadzirisa mamwe ematambudziko.
Liao: Nekuda kwekushaiwa kwavo tekinoroji kernel, maChinese OLED mapaneru vagadziri vanovimba zvakanyanya nekudyara kuti vavandudze kukwikwidza kwavo kwemusika. Asi izvi zvinogona kukonzera kuwandisa mari muindasitiri yeOLED. Mumakore achangopfuura, China yakatounza kunze mitsara mitsva yeOLED yekugadzira nemutengo wakakwana we450 bhiriyoni yuan (US$71.5 bhiriyoni).
Mazhinji mabhenefiti eOLED pamusoro peLCD akajekeswa, senge yakakwira color gamut, musiyano wepamusoro uye kumhanya kwakanyanya kwekupindura zvichingodaro .... Zvinoita sekunge zvinogoneka kuti iyo inochinjika kuratidza inozopedzisira yatungamira muurayi mukana.
— Xiuqi Huang
Ipfupi yetarenda revanhu zviwanikwa pamwe ndeimwe nyaya yekukurudzira kukurumidza kuwedzera kweindasitiri mukati. Semuenzaniso, BOE chete inoda vanopfuura 1000 mainjiniya matsva gore rapfuura. Nekudaro, iwo mayunivhesiti epamba zvechokwadi haakwanise kuzadzisa ichi chinodiwa kune akadzidziswa zvakanyanya OLED mauto anoshanda parizvino. Dambudziko guru nderekuti kudzidziswa hakuitwe zvinoenderana nezvido zveindasitiri asi zvakatenderedza mapepa ezvidzidzo.
Huang: Kudzidziswa kwetarenda muROK kwakasiyana kwazvo. MuKorea, vadzidzi vazhinji vezvechiremba vari kuita zvakada kufanana mumayunivhesiti kana masangano ekutsvagisa sezvavanoita mumabhizinesi makuru, izvo zvinobatsira zvikuru kuti vatange nekukurumidza mushure mekupinda mukambani. Kune rimwe divi, mapurofesa mazhinji emayunivhesiti kana masangano ekutsvagisa ane ruzivo rwekushanda kwemabhizinesi makuru, izvo zvinoita kuti mayunivhesiti anzwisise zviri nani kudiwa kweindasitiri.
Liao: veChinese kutsvaga mapepa kuri mukupesana kubva kudiwa kweindasitiri. Ruzhinji rwevanhu (kumayunivhesiti) vari kushanda pa organic optoelectronics vanonyanya kufarira minda yeQLED, organic solar masero, perovskite solar masero uye matete-firimu transistors nekuti iminda ine mafambiro uye ine mikana yakawanda yekuburitsa mapepa ekutsvagisa. Nekune rimwe divi, zvidzidzo zvakawanda zvakakosha kugadzirisa matambudziko eindasitiri, senge kugadzira vhezheni dzemidziyo yemumba, hazvina kukosha pakuburitswa kwepepa, zvekuti fakaroti nevadzidzi vanorasa kubva kwavari.
Xu: Zvinonzwisisika. Vadzidzi havadi kushanda pakunyorera zvakanyanya nekuti vanofanirwa kutsikisa mapepa kuti vapedze kudzidza. Mayunivhesiti anodawo mhinduro dzenguva pfupi dzekutsvagisa. Mhinduro inogoneka ndeyekumisikidza indasitiri-yedzidzo yekugovana chikuva chenyanzvi uye zviwanikwa kubva kumativi maviri kuti zvifambe kune mumwe nemumwe. Academics inofanira kuvandudza yechokwadi yekutanga yekutanga tsvakiridzo. Indasitiri inoda kushandira pamwe nemapurofesa vane tsvakiridzo yepakutanga yakadaro.
Zhao: Nhasi kune zvinocherechedzwa zvakanaka, nhaurirano uye mazano. Indasitiri-academics-tsvakurudzo yekubatana kwakakosha kune ramangwana reChina kuratidza matekinoroji. Tose tinofanira kushanda nesimba pane izvi.
Nguva yekutumira: Mar-22-2021