Abstract
Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, Tuam Tshoj thiab lwm lub teb chaws tau nqis peev ntau rau hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab tsim peev txheej ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tshuab. Lub caij no, cov xwm txheej sib txawv ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tshuab, xws li ib txwm LCD (kua siv lead ua kua) kom nthuav dav OLED (organic light-emitting diode) thiab tawm QLED (quantum-dot light-emitting diode), tab tom sib tw rau kev lag luam dominance. Nyob nruab nrab ntawm qhov kev sib cav tsis sib haum xeeb, OLED, txhawb nqa los ntawm cov thawj coj thev naus laus zis Apple qhov kev txiav txim siab siv OLED rau nws iPhone X, zoo li muaj txoj haujlwm zoo dua, tsis tau QLED, txawm tias tseem muaj kev cuam tshuam thev naus laus zis los kov yeej, tau nthuav tawm qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv cov xim zoo, cov nqi tsim khoom qis dua. thiab lub neej ntev dua.
Lub tshuab twg yuav yeej qhov kev sib tw kub? Cov tuam txhab lag luam hauv Suav teb thiab cov chaw tshawb fawb tau npaj li cas rau kev tsim cov cuab yeej technology? Yuav ua li cas txoj cai yuav tsum tau enacted los txhawb Tuam Tshoj txoj kev innovation thiab txhawb nws thoob ntiaj teb kev sib tw? Ntawm lub rooj sib tham hauv online uas tau tsim los ntawm National Science Review, nws tus kws sau ntawv-tus thawj coj, Dongyuan Zhao, nug plaub tus kws tshaj lij thiab cov kws tshawb fawb hauv Suav teb.
RISING OLED CHALLENGES LCD
Zhao: Peb txhua tus paub tias cov thev naus laus zis yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Tam sim no, muaj OLED, QLED thiab tsoos LCD thev naus laus zis sib tw nrog ib leeg. Lawv qhov txawv thiab qhov tshwj xeeb yog dab tsi? Peb puas yuav pib los ntawm OLED?
Huang: OLED tau tsim kho sai heev hauv xyoo tas los no. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los muab piv nrog LCD ib txwm yog tias peb xav kom nkag siab meej txog nws cov yam ntxwv. Hais txog cov qauv, LCD feem ntau muaj peb ntu: backlight, TFT backplane thiab cell, los yog kua seem rau zaub. Sib txawv ntawm LCD, OLED teeb ncaj qha nrog hluav taws xob. Yog li, nws tsis xav tau lub teeb rov qab, tab sis nws tseem xav tau TFT backplane los tswj qhov chaw teeb. Vim tias nws tsis muaj teeb meem tom qab, OLED muaj lub cev nyias, lub sijhawm teb ntau dua, cov xim sib txawv ntau dua thiab siv lub zog qis dua. Muaj peev xwm, nws yuav txawm muaj tus nqi zoo dua LCD. Qhov kev tawg loj tshaj plaws yog nws cov duab hloov tau yooj yim, uas zoo li nyuaj rau ua tiav rau LCD.
Liao: Qhov tseeb, muaj ntau ntau hom kev yees duab, xws li CRT (cathode ray tube), PDP (plasma zaub vaj huam sib luag), LCD, LCOS (kua muaju ntawm silicon), laser zaub, LED (lub teeb-emitting diodes. ), SED (nto-conduction electron-emitter zaub), FED (filed emission display), OLED, QLED thiab Micro LED. Los ntawm cov khoom siv thev naus laus zis ntawm qhov pom, Micro LED thiab QLED tuaj yeem suav tias yog nyob rau theem pib, OLED yog nyob rau theem kev loj hlob, LCD rau ob lub computer thiab TV yog nyob rau theem kev loj hlob, tab sis LCD rau lub xov tooj ntawm tes yog nyob rau theem poob, PDP thiab CRT yog nyob rau theem kev tshem tawm. Tam sim no, cov khoom lag luam LCD tseem tab tom ua lag luam zaub thaum OLED tab tom nkag mus rau hauv kev ua lag luam. Raws li tsuas yog hais los ntawm Dr Huang, OLED yeej muaj qee qhov zoo dua LCD.
Huang : Txawm hais tias qhov zoo tshaj plaws thev naus laus zis ntawm OLED tshaj LCD, nws tsis ncaj nraim rau OLED los hloov LCD. Piv txwv li, txawm hais tias ob qho tib si OLED thiab LCD siv TFT backplane, OLED's TFT yog qhov nyuaj dua los ua dua li ntawm qhov hluav taws xob-tsav LCD vim OLED yog tam sim no-tsav. Feem ntau hais lus, teeb meem rau kev tsim khoom loj ntawm cov khoom siv thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb pawg, uas yog cov teeb meem kev tshawb fawb, teeb meem engineering thiab teeb meem kev tsim khoom. Txoj kev thiab lub voj voog los daws peb yam teeb meem no txawv.
Tam sim no, LCD tau paub tab, thaum OLED tseem nyob rau theem pib ntawm kev lag luam tawg. Rau OLED, tseem muaj ntau yam teeb meem ceev uas yuav tsum tau daws, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov teeb meem kev tsim khoom uas yuav tsum tau daws ib kauj ruam hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm cov kab ntau lawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub peev txheej rau ob qho tib si LCD thiab OLED yog siab heev. Piv nrog rau kev txhim kho thaum ntxov ntawm LCD ntau xyoo dhau los, kev nce qib ntawm OLED tau nrawm dua.
Thaum lub sij hawm luv luv, OLED tsis tuaj yeem sib tw nrog LCD hauv lub vijtsam loj, ua li cas cov neeg tuaj yeem hloov lawv tus cwj pwm siv kom tso lub vijtsam loj?
—Jun Xu
Liao: Kuv xav ntxiv qee cov ntaub ntawv. Raws li lub tuam txhab sab laj HIS Markit, xyoo 2018, lub ntiaj teb tus nqi lag luam rau OLED cov khoom yuav yog US $ 38.5 billion. Tab sis xyoo 2020, nws yuav ncav cuag US $ 67 nphom, nrog qhov nruab nrab ntawm kev loj hlob txhua xyoo ntawm 46%. Lwm qhov kev kwv yees kwv yees tias OLED suav txog 33% ntawm kev muag khoom lag luam, nrog rau qhov seem 67% los ntawm LCD hauv 2018. Tab sis OLED cov lag luam feem yuav ncav cuag 54% hauv 2020.
Huang: Txawm hais tias qhov chaw sib txawv yuav muaj qhov sib txawv, qhov zoo ntawm OLED tshaj LCD hauv qhov screen me me thiab nruab nrab yog qhov tseeb. Hauv cov vijtsam me me, xws li lub ntsej muag ntse thiab lub xov tooj ntse, qhov nkag mus ntawm OLED yog kwv yees li 20% txog 30%, uas sawv cev rau qee qhov kev sib tw. Rau lub vijtsam loj, xws li TV, kev nce qib ntawm OLED [tiv thaiv LCD] yuav xav tau sijhawm ntxiv.
LCD ROV QAB
Xu: LCD yog thawj zaug tau thov nyob rau hauv 1968. Thaum lub sij hawm nws txoj kev loj hlob, lub tshuab tau maj kov yeej nws tus kheej shortcomings thiab yeej lwm yam technologies. Dab tsi yog nws qhov tsis txaus ntseeg? Nws yog dav lees paub tias LCD yog qhov nyuaj heev los ua kom yoog raws. Tsis tas li ntawd, LCD tsis tawm lub teeb, yog li xav tau lub teeb rov qab. Qhov sib piv rau cov thev naus laus zis yog qhov tseeb ntawm qhov sib dua thiab nyias (screen).
Tab sis tam sim no, LCD yog heev paub tab thiab kev lag luam. Nws deb tshaj OLED, thiab nws cov duab zoo thiab cov duab sib piv tsis poob qab. Tam sim no, LCD thev naus laus zis lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog lub taub hau-mounted zaub (HMD), uas txhais tau tias peb yuav tsum ua haujlwm ntawm kev daws teeb meem. Tsis tas li ntawd, OLED tam sim no tsuas yog tsim nyog rau cov ntxaij vab tshaus nruab nrab thiab me me, tab sis lub vijtsam loj yuav tsum tau tso siab rau LCD. Qhov no yog vim li cas kev lag luam tseem nqis peev hauv 10.5th tiam kab ntau lawm (ntawm LCD).
Zhao: Koj puas xav tias LCD yuav hloov los ntawm OLED lossis QLED?
Xu: Thaum muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev los ntawm OLED's super nyias thiab hloov tau yooj yim , peb kuj yuav tsum tau tshuaj xyuas qhov tsis txaus ntawm OLED. Nrog cov khoom siv teeb pom kev zoo yog cov organic, nws lub neej tso saib yuav luv dua. LCD tuaj yeem siv tau yooj yim rau 100 000 teev. Lwm qhov kev tiv thaiv los ntawm LCD yog txhawm rau txhim kho lub vijtsam hloov pauv kom tawm tsam qhov hloov pauv hloov pauv ntawm OLED. Tab sis nws muaj tseeb tias muaj kev txhawj xeeb loj hauv LCD kev lag luam.
LCD kev lag luam kuj tuaj yeem sim lwm yam (kev tawm tsam) cov tswv yim. Peb muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv qhov screen loj, tab sis yuav ua li cas txog rau lossis xya xyoo tom qab? Thaum lub sij hawm luv luv, OLED tsis tuaj yeem sib tw nrog LCD hauv lub vijtsam loj, ua li cas cov neeg tuaj yeem hloov lawv tus cwj pwm siv kom tso lub vijtsam loj? Cov neeg yuav tsis saib TV thiab tsuas yog siv cov ntxaij vab tshaus portable xwb.
Qee cov kws tshaj lij ua haujlwm ntawm lub koom haum tshawb fawb kev lag luam CCID (China Center for Information Industry Development) tau kwv yees tias hauv tsib mus rau rau xyoo, OLED yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev hauv cov tshuaj ntsuam me thiab nruab nrab. Ib yam li ntawd, ib tug thawj coj ntawm BOE Technology tau hais tias tom qab tsib mus rau rau xyoo, OLED yuav counterweigh lossis tseem tshaj LCD hauv qhov me me, tab sis kom ntes tau nrog LCD, nws yuav xav tau 10 mus rau 15 xyoo.
MICRO LED tshwm sim ua lwm yam kev sib tw TECHNOLOGY
Xu: Dhau li ntawm LCD, Micro LED (Micro Light-Emitting Diode Display) tau hloov zuj zus rau ntau xyoo, txawm hais tias tib neeg txoj kev mloog tiag tiag rau cov kev xaiv zaub tsis tau aroused kom txog rau thaum lub Tsib Hlis 2014 thaum Apple tau txais US-based Micro LED tsim LuxVue Technology. Nws cia siab tias Micro LED yuav siv rau ntawm cov khoom siv coj los siv tau los txhim kho lub roj teeb lub neej thiab lub vijtsam ci.
Micro LED, tseem hu ua mLED lossis μLED, yog cov cuab yeej tshiab. Siv cov cuab yeej hu ua huab hwm coj hloov pauv, Micro LED cov lus qhia muaj xws li arrays ntawm microscopic LEDs tsim cov ntsiab lus pixel. Nws tuaj yeem muab qhov sib piv zoo dua, lub sijhawm teb, kev daws teeb meem siab heev thiab lub zog ua haujlwm. Piv nrog rau OLED, nws muaj lub teeb pom kev zoo dua thiab lub neej ntev dua, tab sis nws cov duab hloov tau qis dua OLED. Piv nrog LCD, Micro LED muaj qhov sib piv zoo dua, lub sijhawm teb thiab lub zog ua haujlwm. Nws yog dav pom tias tsim nyog rau wearables, AR / VR, nws pib zaub thiab mini-projector.
Txawm li cas los xij, Micro LED tseem muaj qee qhov kev siv thev naus laus zis hauv epitaxy, kev hloov pauv huab cua, kev tsav tsheb, tag nrho cov xim, thiab kev saib xyuas thiab kho. Nws kuj muaj tus nqi tsim khoom siab heev. Nyob rau hauv luv luv, nws tsis tuaj yeem sib tw ib txwm LCD. Tab sis raws li lub cim tshiab ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tom qab LCD thiab OLED, Micro LED tau txais kev saib xyuas dav thiab nws yuav tsum txaus siab rau kev lag luam nrawm hauv peb mus rau tsib xyoos tom ntej.
QUANTUM DOT koom nrog kev sib tw
Peng: Nws los rau quantum dot. Ua ntej, QLED TV ntawm kev ua lag luam niaj hnub no yog lub tswv yim dag. Quantum dots yog ib chav kawm ntawm semiconductor nanocrystals, uas nws cov emission wavelength tuaj yeem hloov kho tsis tu ncua vim yog qhov hu ua quantum confinement effect. Vim tias lawv yog cov muaju inorganic, quantum dots hauv cov khoom siv tau ruaj khov heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, vim lawv qhov xwm txheej ib puag ncig, emission xim ntawm quantum dots tuaj yeem ua tau ntshiab heev, uas dictates xim zoo ntawm cov khoom siv.
Interestingly, quantum dots li lub teeb-emitting cov ntaub ntawv muaj feem xyuam rau ob qho tib si OLED thiab LCD. Lub npe hu ua QLED TVs ntawm kev ua lag luam yog quantum-dot txhim kho LCD TVs, uas siv quantum dots los hloov cov xim ntsuab thiab liab phosphors hauv LCD lub backlight chav tsev. Los ntawm kev ua li ntawd, LCD qhia tau zoo heev txhim kho lawv cov xim purity, duab zoo thiab muaj peev xwm siv tau. Cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm ntawm quantum dots nyob rau hauv cov kev txhim kho LCD no yog lawv cov photoluminescence.
Rau nws txoj kev sib raug zoo nrog OLED, quantum-dot light-emitting diode (QLED) tuaj yeem nyob rau hauv qee qhov kev txiav txim siab yog suav tias yog cov khoom siv electroluminescence los ntawm kev hloov cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv OLED. Txawm hais tias QLED thiab OLED muaj cov qauv zoo ib yam, lawv kuj muaj qhov txawv txav. Zoo ib yam li LCD nrog quantum-dot backlighting unit, xim gamut ntawm QLED yog dav dua li ntawm OLED thiab nws ruaj khov dua OLED.
Lwm qhov sib txawv loj ntawm OLED thiab QLED yog lawv cov thev naus laus zis ntau lawm. OLED tso siab rau cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm siab hu ua lub tshuab nqus tsev vacuum nrog lub ntsej muag daws teeb meem. QLED tsis tuaj yeem raug tsim tawm hauv txoj kev no vim tias quantum dots li inorganic nanocrystals nyuaj heev rau vaporized. Yog tias QLED tau ua lag luam, nws yuav tsum tau luam tawm thiab ua tiav nrog kev daws teeb meem raws li thev naus laus zis. Koj tuaj yeem xav txog qhov no yog qhov tsis muaj zog, vim tias cov khoom siv hluav taws xob luam tawm tam sim no yog qhov tsawg dua qhov tseeb ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev. Txawm li cas los xij, kev daws teeb meem raws li kev ua haujlwm kuj tseem tuaj yeem suav tias yog qhov zoo dua, vim tias yog tias qhov teeb meem tsim tau dhau los, nws raug nqi ntau dua li lub tshuab nqus tsev siv rau OLED. Yog tsis xav txog TFT, kev nqis peev rau hauv OLED cov kab ntau lawm feem ntau raug nqi kaum tawm txhiab nyiaj yuan tab sis kev nqis peev rau QLED tuaj yeem tsuas yog 90-95% tsawg dua.
Muab qhov kev daws teeb meem tsawg ntawm kev luam ntawv thev naus laus zis, QLED yuav tsum nyuaj kom ncav cuag qhov kev daws teeb meem siab dua 300 PPI (pixels ib nti) hauv ob peb xyoos. Yog li, QLED tej zaum yuav tsis siv rau cov khoom me me tam sim no thiab nws lub peev xwm yuav yog qhov nruab nrab mus rau qhov loj loj.
Zhao: Quantum dots yog inorganic nanocrystal, uas txhais tau hais tias lawv yuav tsum tau passivated nrog organic ligands rau stability thiab muaj nuj nqi. Yuav daws qhov teeb meem no li cas? Qhov thib ob, puas tuaj yeem ua lag luam tsim khoom ntawm quantum dots ncav cuag kev lag luam?
Peng: Cov lus nug zoo. Ligand chemistry ntawm quantum dots tau tsim sai sai hauv ob mus rau peb xyoos dhau los. Colloidal stability ntawm inorganic nanocrystals yuav tsum tau hais tias raug daws. Peb tau tshaj tawm xyoo 2016 tias ib gram ntawm quantum dots tuaj yeem ua kom ruaj khov nyob rau hauv ib milliliter ntawm cov tshuaj organic, uas yog qhov txaus rau kev siv tshuab luam ntawv. Rau lo lus nug thib ob, ntau lub tuam txhab tau tuaj yeem tsim cov quantum dots. Tam sim no, tag nrho cov ntim ntau lawm yog tsim rau fabrication ntawm backlighting units rau LCD. Nws ntseeg tau tias tag nrho cov high-end TVs los ntawm Samsung nyob rau hauv 2017 yog tag nrho cov LCD TVs nrog quantum-dot backlighting units. Tsis tas li ntawd, Nanosys hauv Tebchaws Meskas kuj tseem tsim cov quantum dots rau LCD TVs. NajingTech ntawm Hangzhou, Tuam Tshoj ua kom pom muaj peev xwm los txhawb cov neeg tsim TV hauv Suav. Rau kuv txoj kev paub, NajingTech tab tom tsim cov kab ntau lawm rau 10 lab teeb xim TVs nrog quantum-dot backlighting units txhua xyoo.
Tuam Tshoj qhov kev thov tam sim no tsis tuaj yeem txaus siab los ntawm cov tuam txhab txawv teb chaws. Nws tseem yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav cov kev xav tau ntawm kev lag luam hauv tsev. Tias yog vim li cas Tuam Tshoj yuav tsum tsim nws lub peev xwm tsim OLED.
—Liangsheng Liao
CHINA RIVALS IN THE DISPLAY MARKET
Zhao: Cov tuam txhab Kaus Lim Qab Teb tau nqis peev nyiaj ntau hauv OLED. Vim li cas? Tuam Tshoj kawm tau dab tsi los ntawm lawv qhov kev paub?
Huang: Raws li kuv nkag siab ntawm Samsung, tus thawj coj Kaus Lim Kauslim hauv kev ua lag luam OLED, peb tsis tuaj yeem hais tias nws tau pom yav dhau los thaum pib. Samsung pib nqis peev hauv AMOLED (active-matrix organic teeb-emitting diode, hom loj ntawm OLED siv hauv kev lag luam zaub) nyob rau xyoo 2003, thiab tsis paub ntau lawm txog xyoo 2007. Nws OLED ntau lawm tau txais txiaj ntsig hauv xyoo 2010. Txij thaum ntawd los. , Samsung maj mam ruaj ntseg kev lag luam monopoly xwm txheej.
Yog li, thaum xub thawj, OLED tsuas yog ib qho ntawm Samsung ntau txoj hauv kev siv thev naus laus zis. Tab sis ib kauj ruam dhau los, nws tau ua tiav qhov txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev ua lag luam thiab yog li tended los tswj nws los ntawm kev nthuav nws lub peev xwm ntau lawm.
Lwm qhov laj thawj yog cov neeg siv khoom xav tau. Apple tau txwv nws tus kheej los ntawm kev siv OLED rau qee xyoo vim muaj ntau yam laj thawj, suav nrog kev tsis sib haum xeeb patent nrog Samsung. Tab sis tom qab Apple pib siv OLED rau nws iPhone X, nws tau ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj hauv tag nrho kev lag luam. Yog li tam sim no Samsung tau pib sau nws cov peev txheej hauv thaj teb thiab pib nthuav lub peev xwm ntau dua.
Tsis tas li ntawd, Samsung tau siv sijhawm ntau thiab siv zog rau kev tsim cov khoom lag luam. Nees nkaum lossis peb caug xyoo dhau los, Nyiv muaj cov khoom lag luam ua tiav tshaj plaws rau cov khoom lag luam. Tab sis txij li Samsung tau nkag mus rau hauv lub sijhawm ntawd, nws tau siv lub zog loj los cog qoob loo sab saud thiab qis qis hauv Kauslim cov tuam txhab. Tam sim no cov koom pheej ntawm Kaus Lim Kauslim (ROK) cov tuam txhab tau pib tuav ib feem loj hauv kev ua lag luam.
Liao: South Kauslim cov tuam txhab suav nrog Samsung thiab LG Electronics tau tswj 90% ntawm cov khoom siv thoob ntiaj teb ntawm cov khoom nruab nrab thiab me me OLED panels. Txij li thaum Apple pib yuav OLED vaj huam sib luag los ntawm Samsung rau nws cov khoom siv hauv xov tooj ntawm tes, tsis muaj ntau cov panels txaus xa mus rau Tuam Tshoj. Yog li ntawd, Tuam Tshoj qhov kev thov tam sim no tsis tuaj yeem txaus siab los ntawm cov tuam txhab txawv teb chaws. Ntawm qhov tod tes, vim tias Tuam Tshoj muaj kev lag luam loj rau cov xov tooj ntawm tes, nws yuav tsum ua kom tiav cov kev xav tau los ntawm kev siv zog hauv tsev. Tias yog vim li cas Tuam Tshoj yuav tsum tsim nws lub peev xwm tsim OLED.
Huang: Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Tuam Tshoj txoj kev tsim LCD yog tam sim no thoob ntiaj teb siab. Piv nrog rau theem pib ntawm kev txhim kho LCD, Tuam Tshoj txoj cai nyob rau hauv OLED tau zoo heev. Thaum tsim LCD, Tuam Tshoj tau txais cov qauv ntawm kev taw qhia-absorption-renovation. Tam sim no rau OLED, peb muaj qhov feem pua siab dua ntawm kev ywj pheej tshiab.
Peb qhov zoo nyob qhov twg? Ua ntej yog kev lag luam loj thiab peb txoj kev nkag siab ntawm (hauv tsev) cov neeg siv khoom xav tau.
Tom qab ntawd nws yog qhov ntsuas ntawm tib neeg cov peev txheej. Ib lub Hoobkas loj yuav tsim ntau txhiab txoj haujlwm, thiab nws yuav txhawb nqa tag nrho cov saw hlau, suav nrog ntau txhiab tus neeg ua haujlwm. Qhov kev xav tau ntawm kev muab cov engineers thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm txawj ntse tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv Suav teb.
Qhov thib peb qhov zoo dua yog kev txhawb nqa hauv tebchaws. Tsoom fwv tau txais kev txhawb nqa loj thiab cov tuam txhab tsim cov peev txheej thev naus laus zis tau txhim kho. Kuv xav tias Suav cov tuam txhab lag luam yuav muaj kev vam meej hauv OLED.
Txawm hais tias peb tsis tuaj yeem hais tias peb qhov zoo yeej muaj yeej ROK, qhov twg Samsung thiab LG tau ua tus thawj coj hauv cheeb tsam tau ntau xyoo, peb tau ua tiav ntau yam tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom ntawm OLED. Peb kuj muaj qib siab ntawm innovation nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem technology thiab designs. Peb twb muaj ob peb lub tuam txhab loj, xws li Visionox, BOE, EDO thiab Tianma, uas muaj cov khoom lag luam tseem ceeb.
CHAW UA HAUJ LWM NTAWM QHOV CHAW UA HAUJ LWM QLED?
Zhao: Dab tsi yog Tuam Tshoj txoj kev ywj pheej tshiab lossis kev sib piv thev naus laus zis hauv QLED?
Peng: Raws li tau hais los saum no, muaj ob txoj hauv kev siv quantum dots rau cov zaub, uas yog photoluminescence hauv backlighting
Rau QLED, peb theem ntawm kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis [los ntawm qhov teeb meem kev tshawb fawb mus rau engineering thiab thaum kawg mus rau kev tsim khoom loj] tau sib koom ua ke tib lub sijhawm. Yog hais tias ib tug xav kom yeej qhov kev sib tw, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los nqis peev rau tag nrho peb qhov loj me.
-Xiaogang Peng
units rau LCD thiab electroluminescence hauv QLED. Rau cov ntawv thov photoluminescence, qhov tseem ceeb yog quantum-dot cov ntaub ntawv. Tuam Tshoj muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws hauv quantum-dot cov ntaub ntawv.
Tom qab kuv rov qab mus rau Tuam Tshoj, NajingTech (co-founded los ntawm Peng) yuav tag nrho cov tseem ceeb patent tsim los ntawm kuv nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States raws li kev tso cai los ntawm US tsoom fwv. Cov patents no npog cov txheej txheem synthesis thiab ua cov thev naus laus zis ntawm quantum dots. NajingTech twb tau tsim muaj peev xwm rau loj-scale zus tau tej cov quantum dots. Piv txwv li, Kaus Lim Kauslim - sawv cev los ntawm Samsung - yog lub tuam txhab ua lag luam tam sim no hauv txhua yam ntawm kev lag luam zaub, uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev lag luam ntawm quantum-dot zaub. Thaum kawg ntawm 2016, Samsung tau txais QD Vision (tus thawj coj quantum-dot thev naus laus zis tsim tawm raws li hauv Tebchaws Meskas). Tsis tas li ntawd, Samsung tau nqis peev ntau hauv kev yuav khoom quantum-dot-txog patents thiab tsim cov thev naus laus zis.
Tuam Tshoj yog thoob ntiaj teb ua hauv electroluminescence tam sim no. Qhov tseeb, nws yog 2014 Nature tshaj tawm los ntawm ib pab pawg kws tshawb fawb los ntawm Zhejiang University uas ua pov thawj QLED tuaj yeem ncav cuag cov kev cai nruj rau cov ntawv thov zaub. Txawm li cas los xij, leej twg yuav dhau los ua tus yeej kawg ntawm kev sib tw thoob ntiaj teb ntawm electroluminescence tseem tsis paub meej. Tuam Tshoj txoj kev nqis peev hauv quantum-dot thev naus laus zis tseem qis dua US thiab ROK. Yeej, kev tshawb fawb quantum-dot tau nyob hauv Asmeskas rau feem ntau ntawm nws cov keeb kwm, thiab South Kauslim cov neeg ua si tau nqis peev ntau raws li cov lus qhia no thiab.
Rau electroluminescence, nws yuav muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog OLED rau lub sijhawm ntev. Qhov no yog vim li cas, nyob rau hauv me me screen, QLED qhov kev daws teeb meem yog txwv los ntawm kev siv tshuab luam ntawv.
Zhao: Koj puas xav tias QLED yuav muaj qhov zoo dua OLED hauv nqe lossis ntau lawm? Nws puas yuav pheej yig dua LCD?
Peng: Yog tias electroluminescence tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog kev luam ntawv, nws yuav pheej yig dua, tsuas yog kwv yees li 1/10 tus nqi ntawm OLED. Cov neeg tsim khoom zoo li NajingTech thiab BOE hauv Suav teb tau pom cov ntawv luam tawm nrog quantum dots. Tam sim no, QLED tsis sib tw nrog OLED ncaj qha, muab nws txoj kev lag luam hauv lub vijtsam me me. Ib lub sijhawm dhau los, Dr. Huang tau hais txog peb theem ntawm kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis, los ntawm qhov teeb meem kev tshawb fawb mus rau engineering thiab thaum kawg mus rau kev tsim khoom loj. Rau QLED, peb theem tau sib koom ua ke tib lub sijhawm. Yog hais tias ib tug xav kom yeej qhov kev sib tw, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los nqis peev rau tag nrho peb qhov loj me.
Huang: Thaum OLED tau muab piv nrog LCD yav dhau los, ntau qhov zoo ntawm OLED tau hais txog, xws li xim gamut siab, siab sib piv thiab siab teb ceev thiab lwm yam. Tab sis cov txiaj ntsig saum toj no yuav nyuaj los ua qhov zoo tshaj plaws los ua kom cov neeg siv khoom xaiv hloov.
Nws zoo nkaus li ua tau tias cov zaub hloov pauv thaum kawg yuav ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig tua neeg. Kuv xav tias QLED tseem yuav ntsib qhov xwm txheej zoo sib xws. Dab tsi yog nws qhov txiaj ntsig tiag tiag yog tias nws piv nrog OLED lossis LCD? Rau QLED, nws zoo li nyuaj rau nrhiav tau qhov zoo dua hauv kev tshuaj ntsuam me me. Dr. Peng tau hais tias nws qhov zoo dua yog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab qhov screen, tab sis nws qhov tshwj xeeb yog dab tsi?
Peng: Ob hom ntawm qhov zoo ntawm QLED tau tham saum toj no. Ib qho, QLED yog raws li kev daws teeb meem luam ntawv thev naus laus zis, uas yog tus nqi qis thiab cov txiaj ntsig siab. Ob, quantum-dot emitters vender QLED nrog cov xim loj gamut, cov duab zoo nkauj thiab lub neej zoo dua. Qhov nruab nrab qhov screen yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws rau QLED thev naus laus zis tab sis QLED rau lub vijtsam loj yog qhov tsim nyog txuas ntxiv tom qab.
Huang: Tab sis cov neeg siv khoom yuav tsis lees txais tsuas yog cov xim zoo dua yog tias lawv xav tau them nyiaj ntau dua rau qhov no. Kuv xav kom QLED xav txog cov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov qauv xim, xws li BT2020 uas tau tso tawm tshiab (txhais tau hais tias 4 K TV), thiab cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb tshiab uas tsis tuaj yeem txaus siab los ntawm lwm cov thev naus laus zis. Lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm QLED zoo li tseem vam khom rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov tshuab luam ntawv.
Peng: Tus qauv tshiab (BT2020) yeej pab QLED, muab BT2020 lub ntsiab lus dav xim gamut. Ntawm cov thev naus laus zis tau tham txog niaj hnub no, quantum-dot qhia hauv ob daim ntawv yog tib qho uas tuaj yeem txaus siab rau BT2020 yam tsis muaj kev them nyiaj kho qhov muag. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kev tshawb fawb pom tau tias cov duab zoo ntawm cov zaub yog txuam nrog cov xim gamut. Nws yog qhov tseeb tias kev loj hlob ntawm cov tshuab luam ntawv ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho QLED. Lub tshuab luam ntawv tam sim no tau npaj rau qhov nruab nrab qhov screen thiab yuav tsum tuaj yeem txuas mus rau qhov loj-qhov screen yam tsis muaj teeb meem ntau.
REFORMING RESEARCH THIAB TRAINING SYSTEMS PROMOTE DISPLAY TECHNOLOGY
Xu: Rau QLED los ua cov thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb, nws tseem nyuaj. Hauv nws txoj kev txhim kho, OLED ua ntej nws thiab muaj lwm yam kev sib tw thev naus laus zis hauv qab no. Thaum peb paub tias muaj lub hauv paus patents thiab cov thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb ntawm QLED tuaj yeem ua rau koj txoj haujlwm zoo, tuav cov thev naus laus zis ib leeg tsis tuaj yeem ua kom koj dhau los ua cov thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb. Tsoomfwv txoj kev nqis peev hauv cov thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb tom qab tag nrho yog me me piv nrog kev lag luam thiab tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab QLED los ua cov thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb.
Peng: Kev lag luam hauv tsev tau pib nqis peev hauv cov thev naus laus zis yav tom ntej. Piv txwv li, NajingTech tau nqis peev txog 400 lab yuan ($ 65 lab) hauv QLED, feem ntau hauv electroluminescence. Muaj qee tus thawj coj hauv tebchaws tau nqis peev rau hauv thaj chaw. Yog, qhov no yog deb ntawm txaus. Piv txwv li, muaj ob peb lub tuam txhab hauv tebchaws tau nqis peev R & D ntawm cov thev naus laus zis luam ntawv. Peb cov khoom siv luam ntawv feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm Asmeskas, European thiab Nyij Pooj players. Kuv xav tias qhov no kuj yog lub caij nyoog rau Tuam Tshoj (los tsim cov tshuab luam ntawv).
Xu: Peb txoj kev lag luam xav koom tes nrog cov tsev kawm ntawv qib siab thiab cov chaw tshawb fawb los tsim cov kernel tshiab thev naus laus zis. Tam sim no lawv vam khom rau cov khoom siv txawv teb chaws. Kev sib koom tes ntawm kev lag luam-kev kawm muaj zog yuav tsum pab daws qee qhov teeb meem.
Liao: Vim lawv tsis muaj kernel thev naus laus zis, Suav OLED vaj huam sib luag cov tuam txhab lag luam vam khom rau kev nqis peev los txhim kho lawv cov kev sib tw ua lag luam. Tab sis qhov no yuav ua rau muaj kev nqis peev ntau dhau hauv kev lag luam OLED. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, Tuam Tshoj twb tau imported ob peb tshiab OLED ntau lawm kab nrog tag nrho cov nqi ntawm txog 450 billion yuan (US $ 71.5 billion).
Ntau qhov zoo ntawm OLED tshaj LCD tau hais txog, xws li cov xim siab gamut, siab sib txawv thiab siab teb ceev thiab lwm yam…. Nws zoo nkaus li ua tau tias cov zaub hloov pauv thaum kawg yuav ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig tua neeg.
- Xiuqi Huang
Qhov luv ntawm cov txuj ci tib neeg cov peev txheej tej zaum yog lwm qhov teeb meem los cuam tshuam kev nthuav dav ntawm kev lag luam hauv tsev. Piv txwv li, BOE ib leeg xav tau ntau dua 1000 tus engineers tshiab xyoo tas los. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tsev kawm qib siab hauv tsev yeej tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov kev xav tau no rau kev cob qhia tshwj xeeb OLED ua haujlwm tam sim no. Ib qho teeb meem loj yog qhov kev cob qhia tsis tau ua raws li kev lag luam xav tau tab sis nyob ib puag ncig cov ntaub ntawv kawm.
Huang: Kev cob qhia txuj ci hauv ROK yog qhov txawv heev. Hauv Kaus Lim Kauslim, ntau tus kws kho mob cov tub ntxhais kawm ua haujlwm yuav luag zoo ib yam hauv cov tsev kawm qib siab lossis cov tsev kawm tshawb fawb raws li lawv ua hauv cov tuam txhab loj, uas yog qhov pab tau zoo rau lawv kom pib sai sai tom qab nkag mus rau hauv lub tuam txhab. Ntawm qhov tod tes, ntau tus kws tshaj lij ntawm cov tsev kawm qib siab lossis cov chaw tshawb fawb muaj kev paub ua haujlwm ntawm cov tuam txhab loj, uas ua rau cov tsev kawm qib siab nkag siab zoo dua qhov kev thov ntawm kev lag luam.
Liao: Txawm li cas los xij, Suav cov kws tshawb fawb qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv yog cuam tshuam los ntawm kev lag luam xav tau. Feem coob ntawm cov neeg (hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv qib siab) uas ua haujlwm ntawm cov organic optoelectronics xav paub ntau dua hauv QLED, organic solar cells, perovskite solar cells thiab nyias-film transistors vim lawv yog cov chaw trendy thiab muaj feem ntau tshaj tawm cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb. Ntawm qhov tod tes, ntau cov kev tshawb fawb uas yog qhov tseem ceeb los daws cov teeb meem kev lag luam, xws li kev tsim cov khoom siv hauv tsev, tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tshaj tawm cov ntawv, kom cov kws qhia ntawv thiab cov tub ntxhais kawm poob ntawm lawv.
Xu: Nws yog to taub. Cov tub ntxhais kawm tsis xav ua haujlwm ntawm daim ntawv thov ntau dhau vim lawv yuav tsum tau tshaj tawm cov ntaub ntawv kom kawm tiav. Cov tsev kawm qib siab tseem xav tau cov txiaj ntsig tshawb fawb luv luv. Ib qho kev daws teeb meem yog los teeb tsa kev lag luam-kev kawm sib koom platform rau cov kws tshaj lij thiab cov peev txheej los ntawm ob tog kom txav mus rau ib leeg. Cov kws tshawb fawb yuav tsum tsim cov kev tshawb fawb tseem ceeb tiag tiag. Kev lag luam xav koom tes nrog cov xibfwb uas muaj cov kev tshawb fawb qub qub.
Zhao: Niaj hnub no muaj cov kev soj ntsuam zoo, kev sib tham thiab cov lus pom zoo. Kev lag luam-kev kawm-kev tshawb fawb kev sib koom tes yog qhov tseem ceeb rau yav tom ntej ntawm Tuam Tshoj cov khoom siv thev naus laus zis. Peb txhua tus yuav tsum ua haujlwm hnyav rau qhov no.
Post lub sij hawm: Mar-22-2021