1. Mfundo zazikulu zogulira ndalama
Kukula kwa mbali yofunira ndiye chifukwa chachikulu cholimbikitsira chitukuko cha makampani owonetsa LED. Kukula kwamakampani nthawi zonse kumakhala kozungulira pazofunikira zomwe ma LED amafunika kusintha njira zina zowonetsera. Kupezeka kwa mipata yaying'ono kwazindikira kusinthidwa kwa zowonekera m'nyumba za DLP ndi LCD ndi ma LED. Ndikuchepetsa mtengo, mipata yaying'ono yasunthira kuchoka paukadaulo wowonetsa akatswiri kupita pakulowetsa pazamalonda.
Kukula kwa Kuwonetsera pakulowererapo kwapang'ono, kuphatikiza kukonzanso kwa zinthu zoyambilira m'munda wowonetsa akatswiri, kulowerera kwakufunidwa kuchokera kumagulu oyang'anira zigawo ndi matauni mpaka kumaboma ndi zigawo, ndi kufunikira kwatsopano pomanga nsanja zadzidzidzi. Msika wowonetsa zamalonda udakali pachiyambi. M'tsogolomu, kukula kwa zofuna zapamwamba m'magawo ang'onoang'ono monga kutsatsa mayendedwe, malonda ogulitsa, malo owonetsera makanema, ndi zipinda zamisonkhano kudzabweretsa malo opitilira msika mabiliyoni. Kumayiko akunja, phula laling'ono lakhala likukula kwambiri kuyambira 2018, kufunika kwa ziwonetsero zamalonda, masewera, ndi kubwereketsa ndi malo ena azamalonda ndizolimba, ndipo kufunikira konse kwa msika wowonetsa ma LED padziko lonse lapansi ndikowoneka bwino. Monga kukulitsa Mini LED yakwaniritsa kupanga pang'ono pang'ono. Idzalowa m'malo opezekanso mtsogolo, ndipo malo obwezeretsa ma LED adzakonzedwanso. M'tsogolomu, zopambana muukadaulo wofunikira wa Micro LED zithandizira zowonetsa za LED kuti zilowetse gawo lamagetsi la ogula.
Kuphatikiza ndi momwe zinthu zilili, makampani ogulitsa ma LED amakula, mphamvu zopanga padziko lonse lapansi zasunthira kumtunda ku China, ndipo msika wanyumba uli ndi kuchuluka kwa mafakitale. Kukula kogwirizana kwa mafakitale kukupitilizabe kulimbikitsa kupikisana kwapadziko lonse lapansi kwa owonetsa ma LED. Pomwe ukadaulo uwu umasinthidwa ndikuwonjezeredwa, kupezeka kwa zinthu zamtsogolo mtsogolomo kudzawunika kwambiri opanga akutsogola. Kuphatikizidwa kwa zopindulitsa kumakulitsanso gawo pamsika wa opanga otsogola.
Kutengera ziweruzo pamwambapa pamsika, timaganizira mozama za mwayi wamsika ndi kuwunika kwakusankha kosankha komwe munthu angapeze. Zowunikira zomwe zikuphatikizidwa ndi Unilumin Technology (8.430, -0.03, -0.35%) (300232), AOTO Electronics (6.050, 0.09, 1.51%) (002587). Tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisamalire zolingazi kuphatikiza Leyard (6.660, 0.03, 0.45%) (300296), National Star Optoelectronics (13.360, -0.21, -1.55%) (002449), Mulinsen (16.440, -0.56, -3.29% ) (002745), Jufei Optoelectronics (6.530, -0.11, -1.66%) (300303), Sanan Optoelectronics (27.220, 0.58, 2.18%) (600703), etc.
Kuwonetsera kwa LED: kuchokera phula laling'ono kupita ku Mini, kuwonetsa kwamalonda kukuwonjezeka
Mbali yowunikira ya LED imasunga kuchuluka kwakukula kwambiri. Kumbali imodzi, zimachokera pakulowererapo kocheperako, ndipo mbali inayo, zimachokera kuzinthu zatsopano zomwe zimabwera ndikukula kwaukadaulo wa Mini LED. Phokoso laling'ono lidayamba ndikuwonetsa akatswiri, ndipo kuchuluka kwa malowedwe kukukulirakulira. Momwe mitengo ikuchepa, ziwonetsero zamalonda, makamaka zotsatsa, makanema, ndi zipinda zamisonkhano, zakhala malo okulirapo kwambiri. Mini LED ipanga misa mu 2018. Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa magwiridwe antchito obweretsedwanso ndi ntchito zowunikira pambuyo pa voliyumu yolemera, kuwonetsa kwa Mini LED kupindulitsanso ndikukwaniritsa kupanga kwakukulu, kuyendetsa ziwonetsero za LED mu mayendedwe atsopanowa.
(1) Kusintha kwamatekinoloje, kuwonetsa kwa LED kuchokera "kunja" ndi "mkati"
Popeza kuwonetsera kwa LED kunalowa mumsika wogwiritsira ntchito, yakhala ikukumana ndi chitukuko kuchokera pakudziwonetsa kamodzi ndi kawiri kuwonetsa mtundu wonse. Munthawi imodzi komanso yapawiri, mawonekedwe owala kwambiri a ma LED adagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pakuwonetsa chizindikiritso, kuphatikiza ma traffic, kutulutsa zambiri zamabanki ndi madera ena. Mpaka mu 1993 pomwe chipangizo cha buluu cha LED chokhala ndi ntchito yogulitsa malonda chidapangidwa, ndikupangitsa zowonekera zonse kuthekera. Kugwiritsa ntchito zowonera zazikulu kwambiri za LED kunachitika pambuyo pa 2000. Pakadali pano, makampani opanga ma LED apadziko lonse adapanga sikelo, ndipo opanga zowonetsa zoweta achita izi m'misika yakunyumba ndi akunja.
Zojambula zoyambirira zamitundu yonse zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pamalonda akulu akunja, okhala ndi mapikiselo akulu pazenera, omwe anali oyenera kuwonerera patali. Ndikutukuka kwaukadaulo, pixel ikucheperachepera. Pambuyo pa 2010, ziwonetsero zazing'ono zazing'ono za LED zawonekera, zomwe zazindikira kuwonjezeka kwa ziwonetsero za LED kuchokera panja kupita panja. Pambuyo pa 2016, phula laling'ono ladziwika kwambiri ndi msika, ndipo kuchuluka kwa malowedwe akuwonjezeka mwachangu.
Ndikutukuka kwamatekinoloje, pixel ya phula ya LED yachepetsedwanso, ndipo kutuluka kwa Mini ndi Micro LED kwapangitsa kuti pakhale chitukuko chatsopano pamsika. Mu 2018, ma Mini Mini omwe ali ndi kadontho kosakwana 1mm adakwanitsa kupanga zocheperako ndipo adayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamakompyuta okhala ndi mapepala apamwamba, zowunikira pamasewera owonera ndi zikwangwani zazikulu zowonetsera m'nyumba m'malo olamulira, ndipo akuyembekezeka kulowa mawonekedwe akunyumba mtsogolo. Pakadali pano, opanga zida zapamwamba ayamba kugwiritsa ntchito Micro LED, kukula kwa chip kwachepetsedwanso, ndikuwonetsa komwe kungapezeke m'dera lomweli kwasintha bwino. Mu Januware chaka chino, Samsung idakhazikitsa chiwonetsero cha LED cha Micro-4K 4K inchi 75. Zikuyembekezeka kuti Micro LED ipite mtsogolo. Lowetsani mapulogalamu apafupi, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zamagetsi zamagetsi monga mafoni, mawotchi anzeru, AR / VR, ndi zina zambiri.
Kuyendetsa komwe kumachitika ndikukula kwa zowonetsa za LED kumachokera pakusintha kwa zinthu, ndipo pachimake pazomwe zimasinthidwa zimachokera kuzinthu zamakono. Kumbali imodzi, luso laukadaulo limalola zinthu zatsopano kuti zibwezeretse zinthu zachikale komanso zakale, komano, zimalowetsa zina zowonetsera zoyambirira. Ndi kutulutsa kowonekera kwamitundu yonse, ma LED amayenda pang'onopang'ono m'malo mwa zikwangwani zowonekera kunja, pomwe mipata yaying'ono imachotsa zowonekera m'nyumba za DLP ndi LCD kutengera kuthekera kopopera kopanda mawonekedwe, kukhathamiritsa kwamitundu yayikulu, chithunzi chofananira, komanso kutsika kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu. Kukula kwaukadaulo wa Mini LED ndi Micro LED kungazindikirenso kusinthidwa kwa zowonera zazing'ono ndi zazing'ono za LCD ndi OLED ndi ma LED.
Padziko lonse lapansi, kuwonjezeka kwakukulu pamsika wowonetsera wa LED kumabwerabe kuzinthu zazing'ono, ndipo ndikuchepetsa kwina kwa dontho, kufunika kotsika kwambiri kwa HD / UHD kwakhala gwero lalikulu lakukula.
(2) Kutalikirana pang'ono ndi malo akulu, msika wowonetsera malonda ndiwowonjezera
Kutengera ndi zabwino zazosiyanitsa zazing'onoting'ono za DLP ndi LCD, zochitika zapakhomo zikukulirakulira. M'masiku oyambirira, ngakhale ma LED ang'onoang'ono anali ndi zotsatira zabwino zowonetsera, mtengo wake unali wokwera kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, adayikidwa koyamba kumadera owonetsa akatswiri monga ankhondo ndi chitetezo. Magawo awa amaika patsogolo ukadaulo wowonetsa ndikugwiritsa ntchito zotsatira zake pamtengo, ndipo samachepetsa mtengo kuposa msika wamba. . Zotsatira za magwiridwe antchito omwe akuwonetserako akatswiri zalimbikitsa kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa zolowa zazing'ono, ndipo mtengo watsika, ndipo pang'onopang'ono wayamba kugwiritsa ntchito malonda. Masewera ndi kubwereketsa masitepe akhala malo oyamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Pambuyo pazaka zaposachedwa zakukula, madera omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ma LED ang'onoang'ono amatha kugawidwa m'magulu asanu: kuwonetsa akatswiri, kuwonetsa malonda, kuwonetsa renti, kuwonetsa masewera ndi kuwonetsa kwachilengedwe. Mwa zina, kufunikira kwa ziwonetsero za akatswiri kumayikidwa m'magulu achitetezo, aboma, ndi mabungwe azothandiza anthu, pomwe ziwonetsero zamalonda, masewera, ndi kubwereketsa ndizochitika zabizinesi wamba.
Pakadali pano, mipanda yaying'ono yakhala yowonekera kwambiri pamawonedwe a LED, ndipo kuchuluka kwakulowera m'munda wowonetsera akatswiri ndiwowonekera. Malo owonetsera otsika kwambiri akhala msika wopezeka kwambiri, kuphatikiza zotsatsa, malonda ogulitsa, zipinda zamisonkhano, ma sinema ndi magawo ena ang'onoang'ono. Poyerekeza ndi kuwonetsa akatswiri Phula laling'ono limakhala ndi nthawi yochepa yolowera, zochitika zambiri, ndi malo akulu otukuka. Mtengo utatsika, imatha kupanga sikelo mwachangu.
3. Kulowererako kukupitilizabe, ndipo kuwonetsa akatswiri kuwonjezeka kukupitilira
Kuwonetsera kwaukadaulo ndiko kugwiritsa ntchito koyambirira kwama LED ang'onoang'ono kuchokera panja mpaka ntchito zanyumba, kuphatikiza ankhondo, chitetezo, oyang'anira magalimoto, mphamvu ndi zina zankhondo komanso zochitika zokhudzana ndi boma. Leyard, ngati kampani yoyamba ku China yopanga ma LED ang'onoang'ono, pakadali pano ali ndi malo oyamba pamsika wowonetsa zazing'ono padziko lonse lapansi. Popeza Leyard yakhazikitsa zopangira zing'onozing'ono mu 2012, imangoyang'ana pa malo owonetsera akatswiri. Potengera kugawa kwa mafakitale ndalama zakutali, gulu lankhondo ndilo gawo lalikulu kwambiri mu 2012, kufika ku 36.4%, lotsatiridwa ndi magawo aboma kuphatikiza chitetezo cha anthu, chilungamo, ndi magulu aboma m'magulu onse. Asitikali ndi mabungwe aboma palimodzi amawerengera ndalama zopitilira 50% zazing'onozing'ono mu 2012, kenako zimalowa m'mabizinesi ndi mabungwe. Pofika 2015, mabungwe awiriwa anali ndi magawo opitilira gawo limodzi.
Zambiri ndi zowonetsera mwanzeru ndi chifukwa chachikulu chogwiritsira ntchito ma LED ang'onoang'ono pamunda wowonetsa akatswiri. Ma LED ang'onoang'ono amakhala ndi ngodya zowonera kwambiri, mitengo yotsitsimula kwambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa, komanso malo osalumikiza, omwe amagwirizana ndi chitetezo cha anthu, oyang'anira magalimoto ndi madipatimenti ena. Kukweza kwamachitidwe ndi kusintha kosintha. M'tsogolomu, kukula kwa malo owonetsera akatswiri kudzabwera kuchokera m'malo mwa ziwonetsero zomwe zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito m'masiku oyambilira, komanso momwe ma LED ang'onoang'ono amalowerera m'magulu oyang'anira otsika m'magawo okhudzana ndi boma. Kumbali inayi, kuti muzolowere zosowa zatsopano zachitetezo cha anthu komanso zopulumutsa mwadzidzidzi, dipatimenti yowonekera mwadzidzidzi ikufunika kuwonetserabe ikukula msanga.
(1) Mabungwe achitetezo aboma
Tengani gawo lazachitetezo cha anthu monga chitsanzo. Pakadali pano, DLP, ma splicing a LCD ndi ma LED ang'onoang'ono ndizowonetsera zazikulu zachitetezo cha anthu m'mizinda ingapo ku China. M'tsogolomu, phula laling'ono lipitiliza kusintha DLP ndi LCD. Nthawi yomweyo, ma LED oyambira pang'ono adalowanso m'malo azaka 3- 5. Malinga ndi kuwerengera, kuyambira kudera loyang'anira zigawo mpaka kumagawo oyang'anira zigawo ndi zigawo, poganiza kuti likulu la chitetezo pagulu lililonse limangokhala ndi chophimba cha LED chaching'ono, msika kukula kwa likulu lachitetezo cha anthu lokha kumatha kufikira yuan 3.6 biliyoni. Gawo lonse lachitetezo litha kugawidwa m'magulu ambiri monga chitetezo cha anthu, kuteteza moto, apolisi apamsewu, makalata ndi maulendo, kufufuza zachuma, kufufuza milandu, ndi apolisi apadera. Msika wama LED ang'onoang'ono pamsika wazachitetezo upitilira kuyerekezera pamwambapa.
(2) Kusamalira mwadzidzidzi
Pakukonzanso mabungwe a State Council ku 2018, dipatimenti yoyang'anira zadzidzidzi idakhazikitsidwa, yomwe idabweretsa kuwongolera kwadzidzidzi pamlingo watsopano ndikukhala gawo lofunikira pamaulamuliro adziko lonse komanso kuthekera kwakulamulira. Malinga ndi "Dongosolo lakhumi ndi chisanu la zaka zisanu lakumanga National Emergency Response System", China idakhazikitsa dongosolo ladziko ladzidzidzi, ndipo ikukonzekera kupititsa patsogolo madera azigawo zadzidzidzi ndi madipatimenti ndi zigawo za State Council kutengera zotsatira za woyamba gawo la dongosolo lazadzidzidzi ladziko lonse. Sinthani ndikusintha kwadzidzidzi. Malinga ndi pulani yonse ya State Council, nsanja yadzidzidzi idzagwiritsidwa ntchito m'ma 47 mzigawo zingapo komanso pamwambapa. Kuphatikiza apo, 240 mizinda yapakatikati yamatawuni ndi zigawo zoposa 2,200 ndi matauni adzagulitsa ndalama zomangamanga mwadzidzidzi. Malinga ndi chidziwitso cha Foresight Industry Research Institute, pulogalamu yadzidzidzi yapadziko lonse idapita pa intaneti ku 2009, ndipo China idayamba ntchito yopanga zida zadzidzidzi. Kukula kwa msika kunali ma yuan 140 miliyoni panthawiyo. Pamene kufunika kwa msika kukukulira, sikelo mu 2014 inali pafupifupi yuan 2 biliyoni. Mu 2018, idafika ku 9.09 biliyoni yuan, ndikukula kwakukula kwa 40% mzaka zitatu. Zikuyang'ana kutsogolo kuti msika wamsanja wadzidzidzi upitilira ma yuan 10 biliyoni mu 2019.
Gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakumanga nsanja yadzidzidzi ndikuwunika ndikuwunika kachitidwe kuti zitsimikizire kuyankha kwakanthawi, kutumiza mwachangu, ndikutsata mwamphamvu pakagwa ngozi zazikulu ndi masoka achilengedwe. Makina owonetsera a LED ang'onoang'ono akutsatira zofunikira zaukadaulo ndipo tsopano alowa m'magulu oyang'anira m'magulu onse. Ntchito yomanga pulatifomu yadzidzidzi ikuyenda bwino. Malinga ndi ziwerengero zakutsogolo, kuyambira pano, zoposa 30 mayunitsi kudera lachigawo chapamwamba komanso pamwambapa adamaliza kale kumanga nsanja zadzidzidzi, pomwe zomwe zili m'mizinda yam'maboma ndi zigawo ndi zigawo zikumangidwabe. Malo ochepa olowera malowa alinso m'mizinda yambiri yamaboma ndi madera osiyanasiyana The emergency emergency of the district-level district is under ujenzi.
Malinga ndi kuwerengera kosavuta, ngati mabungwe achitetezo achitetezo amtundu wa magulu azoyang'anira m'magulu onse ali ndi chiwonetsero chazing'ono za LED, kukula kwa msika kumatha kufikira yuan 3.6 biliyoni. Pakadali pano, kulowa kwakanthawi kocheperako kumakumanabe m'malo omwe ali pamwamba pa chigawo ndi mzinda, ndipo msikawo ndi wokulirapo. Mabungwe achitetezo m'boma azigawo ndiye gwero lalikulu lakukula mtsogolo. Kuwongolera kwadzidzidzi, ngati dipatimenti yofunika yomanga pambuyo pa 2018, ili ndi zofunikira zazikulu zowonetsera. Amawerengedwa kutengera kuchuluka komwe anakonza ndi kumanga ndi State Council. Ngakhale madipatimenti oyang'anira mwadzidzidzi m'magulu onse ali ndi makina amodzi okha owonetsera ma LED, kukula kwa msika kuli pafupi ndi yuan 3 biliyoni. Kuchokera pagulu lachitetezo cha anthu kupita kuminda yozimitsa moto, mayendedwe, kufufuza milandu, ndi zina zambiri, komanso kuchokera ku dipatimenti yoyang'anira zadzidzidzi m'magawo onse mpaka magawo azigawo zadzidzidzi zamabungwe ena oyang'anira, mabizinesi ndi mabungwe, msika wonse wowonetsera akatswiri ndi zikuyembekezeka kupitirira 10 biliyoni.
4 .. Kukula kosalala komanso malo ogulitsira malonda ambiri
Chiyambireni kukula kwa ma LED ang'onoang'ono, dontho lachepetsedwa mosalekeza, ndikupanga kuyambika kwaukadaulo kuchokera P2.5 mpaka P0.9. Poyerekeza kapangidwe kake ka malonda azinthu zabwino mu 2016 ndi 2017, gawo lamsika la zinthu P2.5 lachepa kuchoka pa 32% mu 2016 kufika 14% mu 2017, pomwe gawo la P1.5 ndi P1.2 yawonjezeka mwachangu, kuyambira 2016 yonse. Kuchokera pa 34% mu 2017 kufika pa 53% mu 2017. Ndalama zoyendetsedwa ndiukadaulo zapitilirabe kuchepa, malonda omwe ali ndi zotsatira zowoneka bwino m'makona ang'onoang'ono amavomerezedwa mwachangu ndi msika, ndipo gawo lamsika lazogulitsa lomwe lili ndi minda yaying'ono lakula kwambiri.
Ndikuchepetsa kwina kwa mapikiselo, zinthu za LED zalowa m'minda yambiri yogwiritsira ntchito, ndipo kutsika mtengo kwapangitsa ma LED ang'onoang'ono kulowa m'malo owonetsera malonda, ndikukhala oyendetsa ma LED ang'onoang'ono kuti akhalebe otukuka kwambiri. Malinga ndi chidziwitso kuchokera ku Aowei Cloud Network, kukula kwa msika waku China wotsatsa malonda wakula kuchokera pa 15.2 biliyoni mu 2010 mpaka 74.5 biliyoni mu 2018, ndikukula kwakukula kwa 22.0%. Zikuyembekezeka kuti pofika 2020, ipitilira ndalama za yuan 100 biliyoni. Pazigawo, kuchuluka kwakukula kwakanthawi kwa LED pang'ono pamsika wowonetsa malonda ku 2018 kudafika pa 55.2%, yomwe ikadali gawo lotukuka mwachangu gawo lochepa komanso kuchuluka kwakukula. Mosiyana ndi izi, kuchuluka kwa ma LCD osakanikirana ndi 13.5%, pomwe DLP ikuwonetsa Chowonetserako chatsika ndi 9.7% chaka ndi chaka, ndipo malo ochepa adzapitiliza kusewera kwathunthu pazabwino zake ndikugwiranso danga lalikulu la msika wowonetsera malonda. Zochitika pakadali pano zomwe opanga akuchulukitsa kuyesetsa kwawo zikuphatikizapo ziwonetsero zazikulu zotsatsira magalimoto monga eyapoti ndi malo othamangitsira njanji, malo ogulitsa, malo owonetsera makanema, ndi zipinda zamisonkhano.
(1) Kutsatsa kwakukulu pamsewu
Ponena za mayendedwe akulu, eyapoti yayikulu komanso malo okwerera njanji kunyumba ndi akunja ayika kale ziwonetsero zambiri za LED. Kuchokera pazowonetsa zapaulendo mpaka kutsatsa kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana, ma LED alowa, ndipo pali zochitika zambiri zabwino zowonetsera ma LED m'mabwalo akuluakulu padziko lonse lapansi. Pakadali pano, kuchuluka kwakulowera kwama LED ang'ono-pang'ono m'malo oyendera sikukwera. Ndikucheperachepera kwa mtengo, pali malo ambiri okhala ndi ma LED ang'onoang'ono. Ma eyapoti, malo okwerera njanji, mayendedwe amisewu yamatauni ndi madera ena apitilizabe kupitilirabe.
Tengani mwachitsanzo ma eyapoti oyendetsa ndege zanyumba. Pofika kumapeto kwa 2018, malo okwera ndege zanyumba anali 235, pomwe 37 idali ndi okwera pachaka opitilira 10 miliyoni. Pomwe mitengo yazowunikira yaying'ono ya LED idatsika, ma eyapoti akulu adagwiritsa ntchito zowunikira za LED m'malo mwa mabokosi owonjezera Kukula kwakufuna kutsatsa kumabweretsa msika pafupifupi 1 biliyoni mtsogolomo, ndikuganizira za kulowetsedwa kwa makampani owonetsa ma LED aku Gawo la kutsatsa kwamayiko akunja, padzakhala malo ochulukirapo m'malo opitilira mayendedwe padziko lonse lapansi.
(2) Msika wa Cinema
Kuwonetsera kwa cinema ndi mphamvu ina pamsika wowonetsera malonda. Popeza magulu ogula ali ndi zofunikira kwambiri pakuwonera, ma LED akuyembekezeka kulowa muzenera la cinema potengera tanthauzo lalikulu. LED imakhala ndi machulukitsidwe amtundu wapamwamba, kuwala kowala, kusiyanasiyana kwakukulu, moyo wautali, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa. Poyerekeza ndi ziwonetsero zamakono za Xenon, zabwinozo ndizachidziwikire. Ngati mtengo wamtsogolo utsikira pamlingo wovomerezeka, malo obwezeretsera zida zoyambirira ndizoyikapo pang'ono Malo owonjezera a LED. Pakadali pano, zopangidwa ndi Samsung za Onyx LED zakhala zikugulitsidwa ndipo zadutsa m'maiko 16 ndi zigawo kuzungulira dziko lapansi. Pakati pawo, dera la Asia-Pacific lili ndi malo olowera kwambiri. Mainland China idayambitsidwa koyamba ndi Wanda Cinemas mu 2018, ndipo zowonetsera 7 zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Malinga ndi zomwe National Bureau of Statistics idalemba, kuchuluka kwa makanema aku China (14.180, 0.07, 0.50%) zowonetsera makanema zidapitilira 60,000 mu 2018. Malinga ndi "About Fasting the Construction of Cinemas and Promoting the Prosperity of the Market Market" ndi State Film Administration mu Disembala 2018 Opinion ", pofika chaka cha 2020, chiwonetsero chonse cha makanema chidzafika kuposa 80,000. Poganiza kuti kulowerera konse kwa makanema ang'onoang'ono owonetsera ma LED kumafikira 10%, pofika chaka cha 2020, kukula kwamsika kwazowonera makanema kumatha kufikira yuan 3 biliyoni, msika wogulitsa ndi 9 biliyoni, ndi msika wonse wa 12 biliyoni Yuan. Kutsimikizika kwapano kwa DCI komanso mtengo wama skrini a LED akadali mavuto akulu amakampani owonetsa kuti alowe mumsika wa cinema. M'tsogolomu, chitifiketi cha DCI chikasweka, zowonera za LED zidzapitilira matekinoloje omwe alipo malinga ndi mtengo wake komanso mtundu wake, ndipo msika wa cinema uzilowa mwachangu ndikusintha matekinoloje omwe alipo kale.
(3) Malo osonkhanira
Chiwonetsero choyambirira cha chipinda chamisonkhano chimagwiritsa ntchito ma LCD LCD LCD. Chifukwa chaukadaulo komanso mtengo wake, zimakhala zovuta kuti ma TV a LCD akwaniritse mawonekedwe a mainchesi opitilira 100. Ma LED amatha kuthetsa mfundoyi. Pakadali pano, msika wazipinda zamisonkhano walowanso mkatikati polowera pazowunikira zazing'ono zazing'ono za LED, zomwe zagwiritsidwa bwino ntchito m'mabizinesi akuluakulu ndi mabungwe. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wochokera ku Aowei Cloud Network, zipinda zamisonkhano ku China zapitilira 20 miliyoni, ndipo dziko lapansi lafika 100 miliyoni. Ngati zipinda zamisonkhano zazikulu komanso zapakatikati zimakhala ndi 5%, kuchuluka kwa zolowera zazing'ono za LED kumafikira 10%, ndipo mtengo wa chinsalu chilichonse Chosungidwa pamlingo woyenera, msika wanyumba udzafika pamilingo ya makumi mabiliyoni, ndi dziko lonse lapansi lidzakhala lokulirapo.
(4) Masewera owonetsera
Kugwiritsa ntchito kuwonetsa kwa LED pankhani yamasewera makamaka kumaphatikizapo zofunikira pazenera pamasewera osiyanasiyana ndi mabwalo amasewera. Masewero owonetsera masewera ndi malo pomwe zowonetsera zazing'ono za LED zinagwiritsidwa ntchito kale pambuyo poti akatswiri awonetserako. Zochitika zamasewera apadziko lonse lapansi komanso zoweta nthawi zambiri zimafunikira kuti athe kuwonetsa momveka bwino, munthawi yake komanso molondola momwe masewera amasewera alili. Zowonetsa zazing'ono zazing'ono za LED zitha kusinthidwa mwanjira zonse monga mafotokozedwe ndi kuwala malinga ndi zofunikira zamasewera. Nthawi yomweyo, ndikukula kwaukadaulo wa LED, ziwonetsero zazing'ono za LED Kudalirika kwa LED kumatha kusintha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwakunja. M'zaka zaposachedwa, omwe amapereka ma skrini azithunzi za LED pamipikisano yayikulu yapadziko lonse lapansi amapezeka mthunzi wa opanga aku China. Monga chaka chamasewera chachikulu mu 2020, Olimpiki yaku Tokyo ndi European Cup ziziwonjezera kufunikira kwa zowonetsera. M'tsogolomu, kuyambira pamasewera apadziko lonse lapansi komanso akumagulu mpaka zochitika zamasewera zamayiko ndi zakomweko, izikhala gwero lofunikira pakuyendetsa kukula kwa chiwonetsero cha masewera.
Malinga ndi International Bureau of Statistics, pofika kumapeto kwa 2018, panali malo amasewera ku 661 ku China, kuphatikiza 1 pamlingo wapadziko lonse, 58 m'boma, 373 kudera la prefectural, ndi 229 kuderalo. Mtengo wolowera wafika 10%. Msika wamabwalo am'nyumba yokhayo omwe ali mgulu lililonse loyang'anira ndiomwe ali pafupi ndi yuan 50 miliyoni. Ngati ipitilira masukulu, mabungwe azachikhalidwe komanso gawo lonse lapansi, kukula kwa msika kudzawonjezeka ndi kulamula kwakukula.
(5) Chiwonetsero cha renti
Kuwonetsa kubwereketsa kumayang'ana pakufunika kwamapeto, makamaka pakuwonetsera pasiteji, ziwonetsero zazikulu, kapangidwe ka mafakitale ndi zochitika zina. Zojambula za LED zitha kupereka zowala zowoneka bwino komanso zaluso pasiteji, ndikubweretsa zowonera zatsopano kwa omvera. Mpukutu wa utoto waku China woperekedwa ndi LED pamwambo wotsegulira Masewera a Olimpiki a Beijing mu 2008 wakhala wokumbukira modabwitsa. Ndikukula kwamakampani azosangalatsa, kufunika kwa zowonetsera kwa LED kukukulira mwachangu, ndipo msika wowonetsa kubwereka udayamba kuwonetsa kutentha mu 2016. Ziwerengero zofunikira zikuwonetsa kuti mu 2017, msika wapadziko lonse wa LED wafika pa 740 miliyoni US dollars, kuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi chaka kwa 14%. Zikuyembekezeka kupitiliza kukula m'zaka zingapo zikubwerazi, ndipo chiwerengerochi chikuyembekezeka kukwera mpaka 1 biliyoni yaku US pofika 2020.
Ndikukula kwaukadaulo, ma konsati apadziko lonse lapansi, kuyambitsa kwa malonda, ziwonetsero zamagalimoto, ndi zina zambiri m'munda wapamwamba zimakhala ndi zofunikira kwambiri pakulongosola kwa chithunzi. Zithunzi zowonetsera za 4K ndi 8K zowoneka bwino nthawi zambiri zimapezeka pamagwiritsidwe ntchito obwereketsa, ndipo malo obwereketsa nthawi zambiri amaphatikizidwa ndi Kufunika kwamomwe mungagwiritsire ntchito makonda, makampani owonetsa ma LED omwe atha kupereka zida zonse za zida zamagetsi ndi machitidwe owongolera adzapindulira mpikisano wamphamvu pamsika wobwereketsa.
Kutsatsa, makanema, zipinda zamisonkhano, ndi zina zambiri ndi zomwe zikuluzikulu za LED kuti zitsegulire msika wowonetsera zamalonda, ndipo kuchokera pamalonda, masewera ndi kubwereketsa nawonso ndi gawo lazowonetsera. Malinga ndi kuwerengera kosavuta, pamsika wakunyumba, kukula kwa msika wotsatsa zowonetsera pa eyapoti kokha kwafika ku Yuan mamiliyoni 900, ndipo sikelo ya malo ochitira zisudzo ndi zipinda zamisonkhano yatha kuposa yuan 10 biliyoni. Ponena za malo azamasewera, kuchuluka kwa msika wapanyumba wokonzanso malo azamasewera m'magulu onse wafika ku yuan 40 miliyoni, ndipo pali malo ambiri amasewera padziko lonse lapansi.
Kuwonetsera kwakung'ono kwa LED komanso msika wakale wowonetsa msika ukuyerekeza pamiyanda mabiliyoni. Ngakhale malo ogulitsira malonda atengera malingaliro omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa, ndi msika wokhayo womwe ungafike pamsika wa mabiliyoni ambiri. Danga, m'malo ogulitsira omwe akuyimiridwa ndi malo akulu azoyendera, zipinda zamisonkhano, malo ochitira zisudzo, lendi, ndi malo amasewera, ziwonetsero zazing'ono zazithunzi za LED zakhala nazo kale milandu yoyera komanso mitundu yazamalonda, ndipo kulowerera mtsogolo ndikukula kungayembekezeredwe. Ndipo zomwe tingathe kuwona ndikuti kupikisana kwa opanga zowonetsera aku LED akupitilizabe kusintha. M'tsogolomu, poganizira zakukula kwa msika wadziko lonse, padzakhala malo ochulukirapo.
5. Kufulumizitsa kukulitsa ndikukhazikitsa zabwino m'misika yakunja
Mu 2018, kutulutsa kwamitundu yowunikira ku China kudafika ku 57.6 biliyoni za yuan, pomwe phindu lake laling'ono linali 8.5 biliyoni, kuwerengera 14.7%, pomwe mipata yaying'ono ikadali yopitilira 40%. Gaogong (Highgong LED) ikuyembekeza 2020 Mtengo wakutulutsa kwa LED yaying'ono idafika pa yuan 17.7 biliyoni.
Kutsika kwakunja kwakanthawi kwakanthawi kochepa kwa ma LED ang'onoang'ono kutsalira kumbuyo kwa msika wanyumba kwa zaka 1-2. Cholinga chake ndikuti misika yakunja ili ndi zofunika kwambiri pakukhazikika kwazinthu komanso kukhwima kwamatekinoloje. Kumagawo oyambilira a chitukuko chaching'ono, kufunitsitsa kuvomereza msika wakunja ndikotsika kwambiri poyerekeza ndi msika wanyumba, Kukula kwakufuna kunayamba pang'onopang'ono. Pambuyo pazaka zaposachedwa zachitukuko, ukadaulo wocheperako wakula, ndikukula kwa zofuna zakunja kwawonjezeka. Malinga ndi kunenedwerako kwa LEDinside, msika wapadziko lonse wama LED ang'onoang'ono udzawonjezeka ndi 75.0% mu 2018, ndipo msika wapadziko lonse ufikira USD 1.14 biliyoni. Poyerekeza ndi kukula kwakukula, ma LED ang'onoang'ono padziko lonse lapansi adafika pachimake mu 2018, pomwe malo okwera pamsika wakunyumba anali mu 2017, zomwe zimatsimikizira kusiyana kwa nthawi pafupifupi chaka chimodzi.
Ma LED ang'onoang'ono m'misika yakunja ndi omwe akuyamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamisika yamalonda, ndipo kutsatsa, masewera ndi kubwereketsa misika ndi komwe kumatsogolera. M'zaka zaposachedwa, kufunika kwamawonetsedwe ang'onoang'ono a LED pamawonekedwe apamwamba, zikondwerero zachikhalidwe, ziwonetsero zamagalimoto, kapangidwe ka mafakitale, kutsatsa kwa magalimoto ndi madera ena m'misika yakunja yakula mwachangu. Nthawi yomweyo, kufunikira kwa malo ogulitsa, kugulitsa zinthu, situdiyo zapa wailesi komanso kanema wawayilesi kumakulanso pang'onopang'ono. Zofuna zakunyanja zimabwera kwambiri kuchokera kuzinthu zotsika kwambiri, ndipo madera omwe atha kukhala ndi tsogolo labwino nawonso akuwonetsedwa pazowonetsa zamalonda.
Pambuyo pazaka zambiri zakukula, makampani opanga ma LED ang'onoang'ono apikisana padziko lonse lapansi. Leyard ndi Unilumin Technology akhala makampani atatu apamwamba pamisika yaying'ono yapadziko lonse lapansi. Kufunika kochokera kumisika yakunja, makamaka kufunikira kwa mawonetsedwe apamwamba azamalonda, kumafalitsidwabe kwa opanga zoweta ndikuperekedwa ndi makampani owonetsa ma LED. Ndalama zakunja kwa opanga zazikuluzikulu zawonjezeka chaka ndi chaka, zomwe zimatsimikizira kuzindikira kwa malonda m'misika yakunja, komanso mbali ina, kupititsa patsogolo mpikisano wapadziko lonse lapansi. Pomwe kufunikira kwakunja kwa mitengo yabwino kumathamangira kuchokera ku 2018, ipitilizabe kukulirabe mtsogolo. Msika wa opanga zoweta amatsimikizira kuti apeza malo ochulukirapo akunja.
(1) Mini LED yakonzeka kupita, Micro space ilibe malire
Ma LED ang'onoang'ono akwaniritsa kupanga pang'ono pang'ono. Pakadali pano, ma backlights a Mini akhala oyamba kukwaniritsa kugulitsa kwakukulu komwe kumayendetsedwa ndi opanga ma terminal. Kuwonjezeka kwa zotumizira kumachepetsa mtengo wama Mini LED ndikuthandizira Mini RGB kukwaniritsa kupanga. Pakadali pano, mafakitale onse ali ndi zikhalidwe zaukadaulo, mphamvu zopanga, ndi zokolola. Idzakwaniritsa kuchuluka kwakanthawi kanthawi kochepa, ndipo Mini LED yakhala njira yatsopano yopititsira patsogolo kuwonetsa kwa LED. Yaying'ono LED adzalowa m'munda wa ogula zamagetsi monga mafoni ndi zipangizo wearable m'tsogolo. Msika wamsika ndi wokulirapo. Adakali pagawo laukadaulo waukadaulo. Kapangidwe ka opanga zida zapamwamba zikufulumizitsa kubwera kwa nthawi ya Micro LED.
a. Mini LED: kupanga misa kumakwaniritsidwa, chitukuko chimalowa munjira yofulumira
Ndikupita patsogolo kwa kafukufuku waukadaulo ndi chitukuko, tchipisi ta LED tasintha kukhala tating'onoting'ono, ndipo Mini LED ndi Micro LED adabadwa. Mini LED, monga gawo losinthira kwakapangidwe kakang'ono kupita ku Micro LED, imalandira zabwino zopindika mopanda zingwe, mitundu yayikulu yamagetsi, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa komanso moyo wautali wa ma LED ang'onoang'ono, komanso kukhala ndi chitetezo chokwanira komanso tanthauzo lapamwamba , Kukhala m'badwo wotsatira luso la anasonyeza LED.
Kugwiritsa ntchito kwakukulu kwa Mini LED kumangokhala mbali ziwiri, imodzi ndi RGB yowonetsa mwachindunji, kugwiritsa ntchito Mini LED itha kukwaniritsa kukula kocheperako komanso yankho lapamwamba lowonetsera, ina ikugwiritsa ntchito Mini LED ngati yankho la backlight la TV, oyang'anira ma Computer, etc. Zogulitsa zam'mbuyo zazing'ono zatumizidwa m'magulu ang'onoang'ono chaka chino, makamaka kuyang'ana opanga opanga ma CD ndi opanga ma TV. Poyerekeza ndi Mini RGB, msika wogula womwe umayang'anizana ndi zowunikira ndi wokulirapo. Mu Juni chaka chino, Apple WWDC idakhazikitsa Pro Display XDR, chiwonetsero cha 32-inchi 6K chofanana ndi Mini backlight. Kuyesera kwa opanga opanga ma brand osachiritsika kuyendetsa bwino makina Amakina, kuwunika kwa Mini kumayembekezeka kukwaniritsa kupanga kwakanthawi kochepa.
Mini RGB idapangidwa misa mu 2018, ndipo madontho omwe amapezeka pamalonda afika ku 0.9mm. Zogulitsa P0.7 zakhazikitsidwanso chaka chino. Malinga ndi momwe maphunzirowa amayendera, pambuyo poti Mini backlight ilowa muyezo wamafuta, zotsatira zake zidzazindikira mtengo wonse wa Mini LED Kuchepetsa, potero kukulitsa Mini RGB mgulu lalikulu lazamalonda.
Kuchokera pakuwonekera kwa opanga kumtunda, pakati komanso otsika otsika mumtsika wamagetsi, Mini LED yakwanitsa kukonza ukadaulo, mphamvu, ndi zokolola, ndipo posachedwa ilowa munjira yachitukuko, ndipo idzakhala msika watsopano wabuluu wanyanja kwa ziwonetsero LED.
Potengera kukula kwa msika, kuchuluka kwakukula kwa LED ndi ma China Mini kukukhalabe koyambirira kwambiri ndipo kudzapitilizabe kuthamanga kwambiri. Malinga ndi kunenedweratu kwa Gaogong LED, kukula kwa msika wogwiritsira ntchito Mini Mini m'dziko langa ndi 300 miliyoni yuan mu 2018 ndipo ikuyembekezeka kufikira ma 2.2 biliyoni mu 2020.
b. Micro LED: Ukadaulo wapamwamba, kulozera kumunda wamagetsi ogula
Poyerekeza ndi Mini LED, Micro LED ili ndi tchipisi tating'onoting'ono tokhala ndi denser doter phula. M'tsogolomu, ilowa m'malo owonetsera zazing'ono monga zovala, mafoni, ndi makompyuta, kapena kukhala njira ina yotengera ukadaulo wowonekera wa OLED. Pakadali pano, opanga makina apamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi monga Samsung ndi Sony awonetsa zinthu zazing'ono za LED monga ziwonetsero. Malinga ndi kuyerekezera kwa LEDinside, kugulitsa kwa Micro LED kudzakwaniritsidwa pamaso pa kanema wawayilesi, kenako ndikulowetsa zida zowoneka, zowonetsera, mafoni, AR / VR, ndi zina. M'magulu azida zamagetsi, malo okula mtsogolo akuyembekezeka kupitilira Mini anatsogolera.
Pakadali pano, Micro LED ikadali ndi zovuta zaukadaulo monga tchipisi tating'onoting'ono ndikusamutsa kwakukulu, ndipo sinathe kuchita bwino. Adakali munthawi yosungira ukadaulo. Komabe, kuyambira chaka chino, opanga zoweta zakunja ndi akunja akuchulukitsa kutumizidwa kwa Micro LED. Micro LED idzakhala njira yatsopano yopanga mawonedwe a LED pambuyo pa Mini LED, ndipo kuchokera palingaliro laling'ono mpaka Mini mpaka Micro, njira yozungulira yatsopano kuchokera pakuwoneka kuti ikufalikira ikukula chifukwa cha chitukuko chaukadaulo.
6. Makampani opanga maukadaulo a LED ndiabwino kutsogolera kukulitsa
Kukula kwa unyolo wamafuta aku LED ndikukula, ndipo msika wamsika ndiwokwera, ndipo pang'onopang'ono ukukula kuchokera kutsika mpaka kumtunda. M'munda wowonetsa pambuyo pake, zabwino za opanga otsogola zikuwonekera kwambiri. Gawo lamsika lazofuna zapamwamba limangoyang'ana atsogoleri. Kugwirizana kwamakampani onse opanga mafakitale kumapangitsa opanga owonetsa kukhala ndi mpikisano wapadziko lonse lapansi. Ndi njira zatsopano zokulitsira ukadaulo, apitiliza kupeza ndalama mtsogolo. Kukula kwake.
(1) Chingwe chakunyumba chimakhala chokhazikika, ndipo phindu lonse likuwonekera kwambiri
Chingwe cha mafakitale cha LED chimagawika tchipisi tokwera kumtunda, pakatikati pakapangidwe kake ndi ntchito zotsikira. Pakadali pano, mafakitale aku LED adziko langa ndi okhwima padziko lonse lapansi. Makampani onsewa ali ndi mpikisano wamphamvu komanso amakhala ndi msika waukulu padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo msika wanyumba uli ndi ndende yayikulu, yomwe yakula kuchokera kutsika mpaka kumtunda.
Malinga ndi chidziwitso cha Gaogong LED, kuchuluka kwathunthu kwamakampani opanga ma LED ku 2018 kunali 728.7 biliyoni yuan, ndikukula kwakukula kwa 24.4% mzaka 10 zapitazi. Ndi msika wokula kwambiri pamlingo wokula. Potengera kugawa kwa phindu, zopereka zazikulu pamakampani opanga ma LED zimachokera kumakampani ogwiritsa ntchito kutsika. Mu 2018, mtengo wogwiritsa ntchito wa LED umakhala ndi 84.2%. Pazaka 10 zapitazi, phindu lazogulitsa za LED lawonjezeka kuchokera pa 70% mpaka 84%, ndipo gawo lazogulitsa limapitilira muyeso wa tchipisi tokwera ndikunyamula kwapakatikati.
Mu 2018, phindu lakampani yanga ya LED yakampani yanga idawonetsa kuti tchipisi kumtunda tinkakhala 2.6%, ma CD anali 13.2%, ndipo ntchito zotsika zinali zoposa 80%. Mu 2018, mtengo wogwiritsa ntchito LED wanga mdziko langa unali 613.6 biliyoni yuan, kasanu ndi kawiri mtengo wake wa 60 biliyoni mu 2009, ndipo CAGR mzaka 10 zapitazi inali 25.3%.
Kuchokera mu 2009, boma lapereka ndalama zothandizira makampani a LED, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuwonjezeka kwakukulu komanso kutsika kwa mitengo ya chip. Pambuyo pazosintha kwakanthawi pamipikisano, makina omwe akukwera kumtunda amakula kwambiri, magawo azamsika aku Sanan Optoelectronics ndi HC Semitek (9.430, 0.01, 0.11%) ndi makampani ena otsogola, mu 2018, makampani opanga zida za LED CR3 idafika 71%.
Malinga ndi gawo lamsika wapadziko lonse lapansi, mtengo wopangidwa ndi China waku China tsopano ukuwerengera pafupifupi 40% yamisika yapadziko lonse lapansi.
Makampani opanga ma CD apakati adakumananso ndi chitukuko chakumtunda, ndikukula kwakanthawi kwamakampani komanso kusintha kwamakampani padziko lonse lapansi. Pakadali pano, makampani opanga ku China amawerengera zoposa 50% zamtengo wapadziko lonse lapansi, kufika 58.3% mu 2017.
Mpikisano wamakampani ogulitsa zoweta wapanga mkhalidwe wa "mmodzi wapamwamba, ambiri olimba". Malinga ndi makampani opanga ma LED omwe ali mgululi mu 2018, ndalama zisanu ndi imodzi zapamwamba zopanga mabizinesi opanga ma LED pachaka mu 2018 zonse zidapitilira yuan 1.5 biliyoni, pomwe Mulinsen ndiye wamkulu kwambiri, pafupi kawiri ku National Star Optoelectronics yachiwiri. Malinga ndi momwe kuwonetsera kwa LED kukuwonekera, malinga ndi ziwerengero za LEDinside, mu 2018, opanga aku China akuwonetsa ma CD adakhala woyamba pamalipiro, ndikutsatiridwa ndi Mulinsen ndi Dongshan Precision (26.200, -0.97, -3.57%).
Zomwe mafakitale ogwiritsa ntchito kutsika kwenikweni ali ofanana ndi momwe mafakitale a LED alili, ndipo kuchuluka kwakukula kumakhala kotsika pang'ono kuposa komwe kumakhudzanso makampani onse. Gaogong LED ikulosera kuti kuyambira 2017 mpaka 2020, CAGR yamagetsi ogwiritsa ntchito ku China kumtunda izikhala pafupifupi 18.8%; ndi 2020, phindu linanena bungwe la ntchito LED pambuyo pake lidzafika n'chokwana 890 biliyoni.
Mu 2018, zowonetsera zowerengera zimakhala ndi 16% yamisika yamsika yogwiritsira ntchito. Pali makamaka opanga zowonetsera zowonekera 6. Leyard ndi Unilumin Technologies ali ndi gawo lalikulu pamsika ndipo ndi atsogoleri amakampani. Absen (10.730, 0.04, 0.37)%), Lianjian Optoelectronics (3.530, 0.03, 0.86%) (kuteteza ufulu), Alto Electronics, ndi Lehman Optoelectronics (8.700, -0.09, -1.02%) kutsatiridwa ndi gawo lamsika. Opanga kutsogola amakhalanso ndi gawo lokwanira pamsika wapadziko lonse. Leyard ndi Unilumin Technologies akhala makampani atatu apamwamba padziko lapansi okhala ndi magawo ochepa.
Ponseponse, makampani a LED adakumana ndi njira yosamutsira mphamvu zopanga ku China, ndipo opanga zoweta pano ali ndi gawo lalikulu pamsika wapadziko lonse. Nthawi yomweyo, kuchuluka kwa msika wakunyumba ukuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono. Kuchokera pakugwiritsa ntchito kupanga chip, kukweza mafakitale kumtunda, kumakhala gawo lalikulu pamsika wa opanga otsogola m'malo osiyanasiyana. Kupindula ndi maubwino a sikelo, udindo wa opanga otsogola waphatikizidwa pakukula kwamakampani. Mtsogolomu, zabwino za omwe akutsogolera opanga mainland zidzawonekera kwambiri m'misika yakunyumba ndi yapadziko lonse lapansi.
(2) Mpikisano wapadziko lonse lapansi wasintha, ndipo zotsatira zoyipa za gawo lowonetsera la LED zakula
Pakadali pano, mpikisano wapadziko lonse wamakampani owonetsa ma LED ukukulira pang'onopang'ono, ndipo makampani omwe akutsogolera omwe ali ndi msika wokhazikika apangidwa. Kuyambira kuwonetsera kwachikhalidwe mpaka phula laling'ono, malo okula mtsogolo amachokera pakufunsa kwamalonda kwakumapeto kwambiri. Kutengera mwayi wamutu, kupezeka pamsika kumakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi opanga omwe akutsogolera. Makina ogulitsa mafakitale a LED ndi okhwima ndipo kumtunda ndi kutsika kumakwaniritsa kulumikizana kwabwino, komwe kumapereka malo apadera opanga mafakitale owonetsa kuti akwaniritse kuyeserera kwaukadaulo komanso kuthandizira pakupanga. Chifukwa chake, zotsatira zamutu wazowonetsera zipitilizabe kukulira.
1. Kuyendetsa ukadaulo, kupezeka kwapamwamba kumayang'ana kwambiri kwa mtsogoleri
Ngakhale kuchuluka kwa msika wowonetsera wa LED ndikotsika poyerekeza ndi kumtunda ndi mkatikati, ndikukula kwaukadaulo, zoperekazo zikuwonjezeka kwambiri kwa opanga mutu. Gawo la msika wamakampani asanu ndi limodzi apamwamba akuwonetsera ma LED adafika pa 30.2% mu 2017. Pakati pawo, Leyard ndi Unilumin Technology ali ndi magawo otchuka pamsika, omwe amafikira 14.0% ndi 7.2% motsatana. Poyerekeza ndi zowonetsera zachikhalidwe za LED, ukadaulo waukadaulo ndi njira zopangira zotsika zazing'ono ndizokwera kwambiri, makamaka koyambirira kwa chitukuko, chomwe chili malo apamwamba. Opanga ochepa okha ndi omwe angapeze gawo pamsika. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa mafakitale ndikokwera kuposa kwamawonedwe achikhalidwe a LED. Chigawo chonse cha msika wa opanga zazikulu chimaposa 60%, pomwe gawo la msika wa opanga atatu apamwamba pamsika wonse wowonetsera LED anali 24.8% yokha mu 2017. Pakati pawo, opanga awiri apamwamba pamsika wawung'ono, Leyard ndi Unilumin, muli ndi gawo loposa theka lamsika m'gawo loyamba la 2018, lomwe limafika 58.1%.
Poganizira momwe opanga owonetsera aku Mini Mini akuwonetsedwera, zomwe zidzachitike mtsogolo zidzakhazikikabe kwa opanga mutu, chifukwa opanga omwe ali ndi gawo lotsogola pamsika ali ndi ukadaulo waluso ndi zachuma. Kukula kwamachitidwe kuchokera kuwonetseredwe kwachikhalidwe cha LED mpaka phula laling'ono kulowerera kuchokera kuwonetsedwe kodzipereka kuwonetsera kwakanthawi kochepa, ndikukula kwa phula laling'ono kupita ku Mini LED kudzaphatikizidwanso, ndipo misika yamsika idzawonjezekanso mtsogolo.
2. Mothandizidwa ndi unyolo wamakampani, zowonetsa za LED zapeza mpikisano wapadziko lonse lapansi
Ambiri opanga makina apadziko lonse lapansi omwe amatha kupanga ndikugulitsa ma LED ang'onoang'ono amakhala ku China. Leyard amakhala woyamba pamisika yaying'ono yapadziko lonse lapansi ya LED, gawo lamsika wapadziko lonse la Unilumin Technology ndiye atatu apamwamba, ndipo gawo lamsika wakunyumba ndilachiwiri pambuyo pa Leyard. Malinga ndi kuthandizira kwa mafakitale, ma phukusi aku LED omwe amakhala ndi maakaunti opitilira theka la dziko lonse lapansi, pomwe makampani omwe akukwera kumtunda monga Sanan Optoelectronics ndi HC Semitek amapereka ma tchipisi ambiri apamwamba komanso ampikisano kuti akwaniritse chuma chambiri kwa opanga owonetsa ma LED ndikuwongolera Mpikisano wapadziko lonse lapansi umathandizira makampani.
Malinga ndi ziwerengero za LEDinside, China idakhala ndi 48.8% yamisika yaying'ono yapadziko lonse lapansi yowonetsa mu 2018, ndipo China idakhala pafupifupi 80% ya Asia yonse. Makampani owonetsa kunja kwa LED amakhala ndi Daktronics opanga ndi kugulitsa zazing'onozing'ono zama LED, koma mtengo wake ndiwokwera kwambiri kuposa wamakampani aku China. Poyerekeza ndi makampani akunja, makampani opanga ma LED ang'onoang'ono amakhala ndi mwayi wopikisana nawo potengera kukula ndi phindu.
Poyerekeza kuchuluka kwa opanga pamsika wapadziko lonse, LEDinside yapanga ziwerengero za opanga asanu ndi atatu apamwamba owonetsa ma LED. Kupatula pa udindo wachitatu wa Daktronics, opanga asanu ndi atatu apamwamba mu 2018 onse ndi opanga aku China, ndipo opanga asanu ndi atatu apamwamba amakhala ndi 50.2% Mwa gawo lamsika, LEDinside akuganiza kuti gawo ili lipitilira 53.3% mu 2019. Phula opanga ma LED, ndizogwirizana ndi zomwe zikuchitika pamsika wakunyumba ndipo ali ndi ndende yayikulu kuposa opanga owonetsa a LED. TrendForce posachedwapa yapereka deta yapadziko lonse lapansi ya 2019 yowonetsa pang'ono ya LED. Opanga asanu ndi limodzi apamwamba onse achokera ku China, Samsung Electronics izikhala pa nambala 7, ndipo atatu apamwamba azikwana 49.5%, ndipo asanu ndi awiri apamwamba azikhala ndi 66.4%. Titha kuwona kuti, patadutsa zaka zambiri zakutukuka, opanga zowonetsera ma LED apanga okha mu echelon yoyamba padziko lonse lapansi, makamaka mphamvu ya phula laling'ono ndikwanira kusewera pamasewera awo pamsika wowonetsa malonda.
3. Makulidwe opanga opanga akupitilizabe kukulira, kuyala maziko amakulidwe amtsogolo
Kuchokera pamalingaliro a ndalama za opanga zazikulu zisanu ndi chimodzi zowonetsera okha ma LED owonetsera, chifukwa choti mitengo yaying'ono yakhala yayikulu mu 2016, ndalama zogulitsa za opanga zisanu ndi chimodzizi zawonjezeka chaka ndi chaka, ndikuwonjezeka kwa Leyard ndi Unilumin Technology ndiwodziwika kwambiri. Ponena za kuchuluka kwa ndalama, kukula kwa opanga opanga kumakhalanso kwakukulu kuposa kwa opanga ena. Pakati pawo, Unilumin Technology idakwanitsa kugula msika mwachangu ndi njira yogawa, yomwe ikukula kwambiri mu 2017-2018. Opanga omwe ali ndi gawo locheperako pamsika adakhala nyenyezi zomwe zikukula mchaka choyamba cha chaka chino, ndipo kuchuluka kwa ndalama zawo kudaposa komwe opanga mutu, akukwanitsa kupitirira 35%, chifukwa chakuchita kwawo kuwonetsa pang'ono.
Pomwe kufunika kwamiyeso yaying'ono ikukula mwachangu, kukula kwa ndalama kwa opanga owonetsa LED kumatsagana ndi kukulitsa mphamvu. Poganizira za kukula kwa ndalama zogwiritsira ntchito komanso ndalama zomwe opanga anayi akuwonetsera kuyambira 2016 mpaka theka loyamba la 2019, ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pophatikiza zimapitilira 20%, ndipo ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pachaka zimapitilira 450 miliyoni. Kupatula kutsika pang'ono mu 2018, ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazachuma zasungabe kukula. Yoyendetsedwa ndi msika wowonetsera malonda ndi ma Mini / Micro LEDs, kukula kwa ndalama pachaka kumawonjezeka mu 2019.
Kuyambira 2019, opanga owonetsa LED agwiritsa ntchito mphamvu za Mini Mini kupanga mwachangu. Zikuyembekezeka kuti ma Mini LED atsopano mu zaka 2-3 zikubwerazi pang'onopang'ono adzafika pamagulu omwe akukonzekera kupanga, ndipo kuchuluka kwa opanga opanga akulu kumakulirakulira. Kufunika kwa Mini LED ndikulonjeza, ndipo kukulitsa mphamvu zopanga kumayala maziko opanga kuti akwaniritse kukula kwachuma komanso kuchuluka kwa gawo pamsika.
4. Upangiri wazachuma ndi chandamale chovomerezeka
Zomwe zimapangitsa kuyambitsa mawonedwe a LED kumachokera pakukula kwakuchepa kwamisika yaying'ono pamsika wowonetsera zamalonda ndikuwonjezeranso kwatsopano komwe kumabwera ndi kuchuluka kwama Mini Mini. Pakanthawi kochepa, kukula kwakukula kwa gawo lirilonse la msika wowonetsera zamalonda kulimba. Pakatikati, Mini LED imagwiritsa ntchito kugulitsa kwakukulu, pomwe chitukuko cha nthawi yayitali chimakhala muukadaulo wokhwima wa Micro LED womwe umalowa mgulu lamagetsi ogula. Kuchulukana kwa unyolo wamafakitale kwawonjezeka ndipo zabwino za opanga otsogola zakhala zowonekera. Ndi momwe anthu akufunira akusinthira kumapeto, timalimbikitsa opanga opanga makampani ndi omwe ali ndi zabwino pazazinthu zapamwamba.
(1) Malingaliro azachuma pamakampani
Ponseponse, kukula kumbali yofunira ndiye chifukwa chachikulu chowonetsera ma LED kuti alowe kumtunda. Kukula kwamakampani nthawi zonse kumakhala kokhudzana ndi kufunikira kosintha, ndipo kutuluka kwakanthawi kochepa kwabweretsa kusintha kosintha, pozindikira kuti ma LED amayenda kuchokera panja kupita m'nyumba. Ndi kuchepetsa mtengo, akatswiri kuwonetsa munda likulowerera mu onse munda malonda anasonyeza.
Pakadali pano, kufunika kwa malo ochepa pakadali pano pakukula kwachangu, ndipo kuchuluka kwakulowera m'munda wowonetsa akatswiri ndiokwera kwambiri. Kukula kwamtsogolo kudzabwera kuchokera nthawi yayikulu yakukhazikitsidwa kwazinthu zoyambira ndikulowerera kwa oyang'anira zigawo ndi maboma mpaka kumagawo amaboma ndi zigawo. Msikawu udakali pakadali pano. M'tsogolomu, kufunikira kwakukula kwakutsatsa kwamalonda, kugulitsa kwamalonda, malo owonetsera makanema, zipinda zamisonkhano ndi madera ena angabweretse msika wa mayuro 100 biliyoni. Nthawi yomweyo, msika wawung'ono wakunja wakunja udalowa munthawi yakukula mwachangu, ndipo kufunikira konse kwa msika wowonetsera ma LED ndikowoneka bwino. Nthawi yomweyo ndikupanga phula laling'ono, Mini LED yakwaniritsa kupanga kocheperako, ndipo izidzalowa nawo mtsogolo. Kupanga kwa Mini backlight kumalimbikitsa kuchepetsa mtengo, ndipo Mini RGB iwonjezeranso voliyumu. Msika wowonetsa malonda umangokhala pamayendedwe amakono a Mini / Micro LED. Kukula kwamachitidwe akuwonetsedwa kwa LED munthawi yayifupi, yapakatikati komanso yayitali akufotokozedwa mwachidule motere:
Kutengera momwe zinthu zilili, makampani ogulitsa ma LED amakula, kuthekera kopanga zinthu padziko lonse lapansi kwasunthira kumtunda ku China, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mafakitale mumsika wakunyumba kwawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono kuchokera kutsika mpaka kumtunda. Kukula kogwirizana kwa unyolo wa mafakitale kukupitilizabe kulimbikitsa kupikisana kwa opanga zowonetsa ma LED apanyumba. Ndikusintha kwina ndikuwongolera kwaukadaulo, kupezeka kwa zinthu zamtsogolo mtsogolo kudzakulirakulirabe kwa omwe akutsogola pamakampaniwa. Kuphatikizidwa kwa zopindulitsa kumathandizira opanga otsogola kuti akwaniritse gawo lamsika uku akuwonjezera kufunika. Mbali inayi, dongosolo lokulitsa mphamvu ya opanga otsogola lithandizira kukula kwa ndalama. Chifukwa chake, tikupangira chidwi chofuna kutsogolera opanga zowonetsa za LED ndi iwo omwe ali ndi mwayi wofunikira kumapeto.
(2) Nkhani yolimbikitsidwa
Kutengera kusanthula kwathunthu, timalimbikitsa kwambiri Unilumin Technology (300232), wopanga zowonetsa kutsogola kwa LED, ndi Alto Electronics (002587), wopanga wokhala ndi zabwino pazosowa zowonetsa kumapeto. Tikulimbikitsidwa kutchera khutu ku Leyard (300296), National Star Optoelectronics (002449), Jufei Optoelectronics (300303), Ruifeng Optoelectronics (8.340, 0.34, 4.25%) (300241), Hongli Zhihui (12.480, 0.21, 1.71%) ( 300219), Sanan Optoelectronics (600703), HC Semitek (300708), ndi zina zambiri.
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(Gwero la lipoti: Huajin Securities)
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-02-2020