1. Ingcinga engundoqo yotyalo-mali
Ukukhula kwecala lesidingo sesona sizathu siphambili sokukhuthaza ukukhula kwemveliso ye-LED. Ukuphuhliswa kweshishini kuhlala kujikeleze eyona nto iphambili ekufuneka ii-LED zitshintshe ezinye iindlela zokubonisa. Ukuvela kwezithuba ezincinci kuye kwaqonda ukubuyiselwa kwezikrini zangaphakathi ze-DLP kunye ne-LCD kunye nee-LED. Ngokuncitshiswa kweendleko, izithuba ezincinci zisukile kwicandelo lokubonisa lobungcali ukuya kububanzi bokubonisa indawo yokungena.
Undoqo wokukhula kwangoku komboniso we- LED ukubonisa ekungeneni okungaphaya kwesithuba esincinci, kubandakanya ukuphuculwa kweemveliso zokuqala kwicandelo lokubonisa, ukungena kwemfuno ukusuka kwiiyunithi zolawulo lwephondo kunye noomasipala ukuya kwizithili nakwii-counties, kunye nemfuno entsha kulwakhiwo lweqonga lolawulo olungxamisekileyo. Iimarike zokubonisa ezorhwebo zisesekuqaleni. Kwixesha elizayo, ukukhula kwezidingo eziphezulu kumacandelwana afana nentengiso yezothutho, ukuthengisa okuthengisa, indawo zemiboniso bhanyabhanya, namagumbi eenkomfa aya kuzisa ngaphezulu kwamashumi ezigidi zeendawo zentengiso. Phesheya kolwandle, emva kokuba inowuthi encinci ingene kwinqanaba lokukhula okuphezulu ukusukela ngo-2018, ibango lemiboniso yorhwebo, ezemidlalo, kunye nokuqeshisa kunye neminye imihlaba yezorhwebo yomelele, kwaye imfuno iyonke yoshishino lokubonisa i-LED jikelele iyaqwalaselwa. Njengolwandiso oluncinci lwe-pitch, iMini ye-LED iphumelele kwimveliso yesisindo esincinci. Iya kungena kwindawo esekhaya kwikamva, kwaye indawo yokubuyisela i-LED iya kuphuculwa kwakhona. Kwixesha elizayo, impumelelo kwitekhnoloji ephambili yeMicro LED iya kwenza ukuba izibonisi ze-LED zingene kwicandelo lezinto zombane zabathengi.
Idityaniswe nemeko yokubonelela ngecala, ukhenketho lweshishini lwasekhaya lwe-LED lukhulile, amandla emveliso yehlabathi atshintshele kwilizwe lase China, kwaye imakethi yasekhaya ineqondo eliphezulu lokuxinana kwemizi mveliso. Uphuhliso olulungelelanisiweyo lwecandelo lezamashishini luqhubekile ukomeleza ukhuphiswano lwehlabathi lwabenzi bemiboniso ye-LED. Njengoko itekhnoloji ihlaziywa ngakumbi kwaye isenziwa, ukubonelelwa kweemveliso eziphezulu kwixesha elizayo kuya kugxila ngakumbi kubavelisi abaphambili kwishishini. Ukudityaniswa kweenzuzo zesikali kuya konyusa isabelo sentengiso sabenzi abaphambili.
Ngokusekwe kwezi zigwebo zingasentla kwishishini, siqwalasele ngokubanzi amathuba emarike kunye nomngcipheko wokuxabisa ekukhetheni iithagethi zotyalo mali. Ezona njongo ziphambili zicetyiswayo zibandakanya i-Unilumin Technology (8.430, -0.03, -0.35%) (300232), AOTO Electronics (6.050, 0.09, 1.51%) (002587). Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ujonge iithagethi kubandakanya iLeyard (6.660, 0.03, 0.45%) (300296), iNational Star Optoelectronics (13.360, -0.21, -1.55%) (002449), Mulinsen (16.440, -0.56, -3.29% ), (002745), Jufei Optoelectronics (6.530, -0.11, -1.66%) (300303), Sanan Optoelectronics (27.220, 0.58, 2.18%) (600703), njl.
2. Umboniso we-LED: ukusuka kwi-pitch encinci ukuya kwi-Mini, izicelo zokubonisa ezorhwebo ziyanda
Icala leemfuno zokubonisa i-LED ligcina ukukhula okuphezulu kakhulu. Kwelinye icala, ivela kukuqhubeka kokungena okuphezulu kwebala elincinci, kwelinye icala, livela kumjikelo omtsha oziswe kukuphuhliswa kwetekhnoloji ye-Mini Mini. Ibala elincinci liqale ngemiboniso yobungcali, kwaye inqanaba lokungena liyaqhubeka ukwanda. Njengoko iindleko ziyehla, imiboniso yorhwebo, ubukhulu becala intengiso, iimuvi, kunye namagumbi enkomfa, ziyeyona ndawo inokukhula. I-Mini Mini iya kuveliswa ngobuninzi ngo-2018. Ngokunyuka kweendleko zentsebenzo eziziswa kukukhanya kwezicelo emva komthamo onzima, imiboniso emincinci ye-LED iya kuthi izuze kwaye ifezekise ukuveliswa kobuninzi obukhulu, ukuqhuba imiboniso ye-LED kumjikelo omtsha wemfuno.
(1) Indaleko yetekhnoloji, umboniso we-LED ovela "ngaphandle" kunye "ngaphakathi"
Ukusukela kwisibonisi se-LED singene kwimakethi yesicelo, siye safumana inkqubo yophuhliso ukusuka kumboniso omnye nombala kabini kumboniso opheleleyo wombala. Kwixesha elinye nelombala-mbala, iimpawu zokuqaqamba okuphezulu kwee-LEDs bezisetyenziselwa ukubonisa umqondiso, kubandakanya imiqondiso yezithuthi, ukukhutshwa kolwazi lwebhanki kunye neminye imimandla. Kwakungekho kude kube ngo-1993 apho i-chip ye-LED eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka enexabiso lesicelo sentengiso yaqanjwa, isenza umbala ogcweleyo ubekhona. Ukusetyenziswa kwesikrini esikhulu sombala esipheleleyo sombala kwenzeka emva ko-2000. Ngeli xesha, umzi mveliso we-LED wasekhaya wenza isikali, kwaye abavelisi bokubonisa basekhaya benze iinzame kurhwebo lwasekhaya nakwamanye amazwe.
Izikrini zokuqala ezinemibala egcweleyo zazisetyenziswa ikakhulu kwizibhengezo ezinkulu zangaphandle, kunye neepikseli ezinkulu kwiscreen, esasilungele ukujongwa kude. Ngokuqhubela phambili kwetekhnoloji, i-pixel pitch iyaqhubeka ukuncipha. Emva kowe-2010, kuye kwavela imiboniso emincinci ye-LED, eye yaqonda ukwandiswa kwemiboniso ye-LED ukusuka ngaphandle ukuya kuthi ga ngaphakathi. Emva ko-2016, i-pitch encinci iye yaqatshelwa ngokubanzi kwimarike, kwaye izinga lokungena liye landa ngokukhawuleza.
Ngobuchwephesha bobuchwephesha, i-pixel ye-LED iye yancitshiswa ngakumbi, kwaye ukuvela kweMini kunye neeMicro ze-LED zongeze amandla ophuhliso kumzi mveliso. Kwi-2018, ii-Mini Mini ze-LED ezine-pitch echaziweyo engaphantsi kwe-1mm ephumeze imveliso encinci yesisindo esincinci kwaye yaqala ukusetyenziswa kwiikhompyuter yamanqaku aphezulu, ukubek'iliso kwimidlalo yokudlala kunye nezibane ezinkulu zangaphakathi zokubonisa kumaziko okuyalela, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba zingene imeko yesicelo sasekhaya kwixesha elizayo. Okwangoku, abavelisi abaphambili baqalisile ukusebenzisa i-Micro LED, ubungakanani be-chip buncitshisiwe, kwaye isiphumo sokubonisa esinokufezekiswa kwindawo enye siphuculwe ngokomgangatho. NgoJanuwari kulo nyaka, i-Samsung isungule umboniso we-intshi ezingama-75 ze-4K ze-LED. Kulindeleke ukuba iMicrosoft LED ihambe kwixesha elizayo. Ngenisa izicelo ezikufutshane kwescreen, ezisetyenziswa kwiimveliso zabathengi ezinje ngeefowuni eziphathwayo, iiwotshi ezifanelekileyo, iAR / iVR, njl.
Amandla aqhubayo kuphuhliso lwembonakalo ze-LED zivela kutshintsho lweemveliso, kwaye undoqo wokubuyiselwa kwemveliso uvela kutshintsho lwetekhnoloji. Kwelinye icala, ukuveliswa kwetekhnoloji kuvumela iimveliso ezintsha ukuba zithathe indawo yeemveliso ezindala kunye nezindala, kwelinye icala, ithathe indawo yezinye iimveliso zokuqala. Ngokuvela kwezikrini ezinemibala epheleleyo, ii-LEDs ziye zithathe indawo yebhodi yebhodi yokukhanya yekhethini yangaphandle, ngelixa isithuba esincinci sikhawulezisa indawo yangaphakathi ye-DLP kunye ne-LCD sclicing screens ngokusekwe kulusizo olungenamthungo, ukugcwala kwemibala ephezulu, umfanekiso ofanayo, kunye nezantsi Ukutya umbane. Ukuphuhliswa kwetekhnoloji ye-Mini Mini kunye netekhnoloji ye-Micro LED inokuphinda iqonde ukubuyiselwa kwe-LCD encinci kunye naphakathi kunye nezikrini ze-OLED ngee-LEDs.
Kuwo wonke umhlaba, ukonyuka okuphambili kwintengiso ye-LED kusaza kuvela kwiimveliso ezincinci, kunye nokuncitshiswa okungaphezulu kwenqaku, ichaphaza eliphezulu le-HD / UHD iye yangoyena ndoqo wokunyuka.
(2) Isithuba esincinci kunye nendawo enkulu, imakethi yokubonisa yentengiso ikwi-ascendant
Ngokusekwe kuluncedo lokwahlulahlula i-pitch encinci ye-DLP kunye nezikrini ze-LCD, iimeko ezifanelekileyo zangaphakathi ziyanda. Kwiintsuku zokuqala, nangona ii-LEDs ezincinci ze-pitch zazineziphumo ezilungileyo zokubonisa, iindleko zaziphezulu kakhulu. Ke ngoko, zafakwa okokuqala kwimimandla yokubonisa efana neyomkhosi kunye nokhuseleko. La macandelo abeka phambili iteknoloji yokubonisa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwefuthe ngaphezulu kwexabiso, kwaye axabisa kancinci kunentengiso yoluntu. . Iziphumo zebenchmarking kwindawo yokubonisa yobungcali ikhuthaze ukonyuka kwenqanaba lokungena kweepaki ezincinci, kwaye indleko yehlile, kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe ingene kwizicelo zorhwebo. Imidlalo kunye nokuqeshiswa kweqonga ibe yindawo yokuqala yokusetyenziswa.
Emva kweminyaka yakutshanje yophuhliso, iindawo ezithile zezicelo ezincinci ze-LED zinokwahlulahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezintlanu: umboniso wobugcisa, umboniso wentengiso, umboniso wokurenta, umboniso wezemidlalo kunye nomboniso woyilo. Phakathi kwabo, ibango lemiboniso yobungcali ligxile kwicandelo lezokhuselo, likarhulumente nakwizinto zikawonke-wonke, ngelixa ukuboniswa kwezorhwebo, ezemidlalo kunye nokuqeshisa zizinto zorhwebo.
Okwangoku, iipaki ezincinci ziyeyona nto iphambili kwimiboniso ye-LED, kwaye inqanaba lokungena kwicandelo lokubonisa lobuchule liyabonakala. Indawo ephezulu yokubonisa intengiso iyeyona ntengiso inokubakho, kubandakanya intengiso, intengiso, intengiso, amagumbi eenkomfa, iimuvi kunye namanye amacandelwana. Xa kuthelekiswa nomboniso wobuchwephesha I-pitch encinci inexesha elifutshane lokungena, iimeko ezibanzi zesicelo, kunye nendawo enkulu yophuhliso. Njengoko iindleko ziyehla, inokwenza ngokukhawuleza isikali.
3. Ukungena kuyaqhubeka, kwaye ukuqaqamba komboniso kuyaqhubeka
Umboniso wobuchwephesha sisicelo sokuqala se-LEDs ezincinci ukusuka ngaphandle ukuya kwizicelo zangaphakathi, kubandakanya ezomkhosi, ezokhuseleko, umthetho wezothutho, amandla kunye neminye imikhosi enxulumene nomkhosi. Leyard, njengenkampani yokuqala e-China ukuvelisa ngobuninzi ii-LEDs ezincinci, okwangoku ibambe indawo yokuqala kwimakethi yokubonisa encinci yomhlaba. Ukusukela iLeyard isungule iimveliso ezincinci ze-pitch ngo-2012, ijolise ikakhulu kwicandelo lokubonisa. Ngokwendlela yokuhanjiswa kwemizi-mveliso kumgama omde, icandelo lezomkhosi lalithatha elona nani likhulu ngowama-2012, lafikelela kuma-36.4%, lilandelwa ngamacandelo karhulumente aquka ukhuseleko loluntu, ezobulungisa, neeyunithi zenkonzo yoluntu kuwo onke amanqanaba. Iiarhente zomkhosi kunye nezikarhulumente zidibanise ngaphezulu kwe-50% yengeniso yendawo encinci ngo-2012, emva koko yangena kumashishini nakumaziko. Ngo-2015, ezi arhente zimbini zisasebenza ngaphezulu kwesinye kwisithathu.
Ulwazi kunye neemfuno zokubonisa ezikrelekrele sisizathu esisisiseko sesicelo sokuqala esiphumeleleyo se-LEDs ezincinci kumhlaba wokubonisa oqeqeshiweyo. Ii-LEDs ezincinci ze-pitch zinee-angles zokujonga ngokubanzi, amaxabiso aphezulu okuhlaziya, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okuphantsi, kunye namalungu angenamthungo, ahambelana nokhuseleko loluntu, umthetho wezithuthi namanye amasebe. Ukuphuculwa kwenkqubo yokubonakalayo kunye neemfuno zenguqu. Kwixesha elizayo, ukukhula kwecandelo lokubonisa lobuchwephesha kuya kuvela kutshintsho lweemiboniso esele zisetyenzisiwe kwiintsuku zokuqala, kunye nentsingiselo yee-LED ezincinci zokungena zingena kumanqanaba asezantsi ezolawulo kwicandelo elinxulumene norhulumente. Kwelinye icala, ukuze ukwazi ukuziqhelanisa nokhuseleko loluntu kunye neemfuno zokuhlangula ezingxamisekileyo, isebe elivelayo likaxakeka kwimfuno yokubonisa lisekwinqanaba lokukhula ngokukhawuleza.
(1) Iiarhente zokhuseleko loluntu
Thatha icandelo lokhuseleko loluntu njengomzekelo. Okwangoku, i-DLP, ukusongelwa kwe-LCD kunye nee-LED ezincinci zezona zikrini ziphambili zokubonisa ukhuseleko loluntu kwizixeko ezahlukeneyo zase China. Kwixesha elizayo, i-pitch encinci iya kuqhubeka ukubuyisela i-DLP kunye neLCD. Kwangelo xesha, ii-LED zokuqala-ixesha elincinci ziye zangena nakwiminyaka emi-3- 5 yokutshintshwa kwemveliso. Ngokwezibalo, ukusuka kumgangatho wolawulo wephondo kweli lizwe ukuya kwinqanaba leenqila nakwezolawulo, ucinga ukuba iziko lokhuseleko loluntu kwicandelo ngalinye lolawulo lixhotyiswe ngescreen se-LED esincinci, intengiso ubungakanani beziko lokhuseleko loluntu kuphela linokufikelela kwi-3.6 yezigidigidi ze-yuan. Umhlaba wonke wezokhuseleko unokwahlulwa ube ngamacandelo amaninzi afana nokhuseleko loluntu, ukukhusela umlilo, amapolisa ezendlela, iileta kunye notyelelo, uphando lwezoqoqosho, uphando lolwaphulo-mthetho kunye namapolisa awodwa. Ubungakanani bemakethi yee-LEDs ezincinci ze-pitch kushishino lokhuseleko ziya kudlula kude kuqikelelo olungentla.
(2) Ulawulo olungxamisekileyo
Kuhlaziyo lweziko lweBhunga likaRhulumente kwi2018, isebe lolawulo lwexesha likaxakeka lasekwa, elathi lazisa ulawulo olungxamisekileyo kwinqanaba elitsha kwaye laba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yesizwe yolawulo kunye namandla okuphatha. NgokwesiCwangciso seShumi elinantathu seminyaka soKwakha iNkqubo yeSizwe yokuSabela ngokuNgxamisekileyo, i-China ekuqaleni iseke inkqubo yesizwe yeqonga likaxakeka, kwaye icwangcisa ukukhuthaza iqonga likaRhulumente likaRhulumente likaxakeka kunye namasebe namaphondo ngokusekwe kwiziphumo zokuqala isigaba senkqubo yeqonga likaxakeka yesizwe. Ukuphucula kunye nokutshintsha kweqonga likaxakeka. Ngokwesicwangciso esipheleleyo seBhunga likaRhulumente, iqonga likaxakeka liya kufakwa kumacandelwana angama-47 nangaphezulu. Ukongeza, iidolophu eziphakathi ezingama-240 ezikwinqanaba eliphakathi kunye nezithili ezingaphezulu kwama-2 200 kunye neekhawunti ziya kutyala imali kulwakhiwo lwamaqonga olungxamisekileyo. Ngokweenkcukacha zeZiko loPhando ngezoBuchule, iqonga lesizwe likaxakeka laya kwi-Intanethi ngo-2009, kwaye i-China yaqala ngokwakha inkqubo yeqonga likaxakeka. Ubungakanani bemarike yayizigidi ezingama-140 kuphela yuan ngelo xesha. Njengokuqhubela phambili kwemfuno yentengiso, isikali ngo-2014 sasikufutshane nezigidi ezi-2 ze-yuan. Kwi-2018, yafikelela kwi-9.09 yezigidigidi ze-yuan, ngenqanaba lokukhula komdibaniso wama-40% kwiminyaka emithathu. Kujonge phambili ukuba intengiso yeqonga elingxamisekileyo iya kudlula kwi-10 yezigidigidi ze-yuan kwi-2019.
Inxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu kulwakhiwo lweqonga likaxakeka kukujonga okubonakalayo kunye nenkqubo yokuyalela ukuqinisekisa ukuphendula kwangexesha, ukuthunyelwa ngokukhawuleza, kunye nokulandelela okunamandla xa kusenzeka iingozi ezinkulu kunye neentlekele. Inkqubo encinci yokubonisa i-LED iyaphendula kwiimfuno zobugcisa kwaye ngoku ingene kwiiyunithi zolawulo kuwo onke amanqanaba. Ulwakhiwo lwenkqubo yeqonga likaxakeka luqhuba ngokupheleleyo. Ngokwezibalo ezijonge phambili, ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ngaphezulu kweeyunithi ezingama-30 kwinqanaba lephondo nangaphezulu sele zigqibile ukwakhiwa kwamaqonga kaxakeka, ngelixa ezo zikwinqanaba leedolophu kunye nezithili kunye neekota zisakhiwa. Isithuba esincinci sendawo yokungena sikwindawo enkulu yezixeko zenqanaba lesithili kunye neqonga elingxamisekileyo lesithili esikwinqanaba lolwakhiwo.
Ngokwezibalo ezilula, ukuba amaziko okuyalela ukhuseleko kuluntu kuwo onke amanqanaba axhotyiswe ngomboniso omncinci we-LED, ubungakanani bemakethi bunokufikelela kwi-3.6 yezigidi zeerandi. Okwangoku, ukungena kwe-pitch encinci kugxile kwiindawo ezingaphezulu kwesithili kunye nenqanaba lesixeko, kwaye indawo yentengiso inkulu. Iiarhente zokhuseleko loluntu kwinqanaba eliphezulu ziya kuba ngowona mthombo uphambili wokukhula kwexesha elizayo. Ulawulo lwexesha likaxakeka, njengesebe lesizwe eliphambili lokwakha emva kwe-2018, linemfuno enkulu yeenkqubo zokubonisa. Kubalwa ngokusekwe kwinani elicwangcisiweyo nokwakhiwa liBhunga likaRhulumente. Nokuba amasebe olawulo lwexesha likaxakeka kuwo onke amanqanaba afakelwe iseti enye yeenkqubo zokubonisa ze-LED, ubungakanani bemakethi busondele kwi-yuan ye-3 yezigidigidi. Ukusuka kumyalelo wokhuseleko woluntu ukuya kwicandelo lokulwa umlilo, ukuthuthwa, uphando lolwaphulo-mthetho, njl., Kunye nakumasebe olawulo olungxamisekileyo kuwo onke amanqanaba ukuya kwimeko yokwahlulahlulwa ngokungxamisekileyo kwezinye iiarhente zolawulo, amashishini kunye namaziko, indawo yentengiso iyonke kulindeleke ukuba idlule kwiibhiliyoni ezili-10.
4 .. Ukwandiswa okungenamagingxi-gingxi kunye nendawo ebanzi yentengiso
Ukusukela oko kuphuhliswa ii-LEDs ezincinane, inowuthi yamachaphaza iye yehliswa ngokuqhubekekayo, ifezekisa inkqubela kwezobuchwephesha ukusuka kwi-P2.5 ukuya kwi-P0.9. Xa kuthelekiswa ubume bomthamo wentengiso yeemveliso ze-pitch ezilungileyo kwi-2016 kunye ne-2017, isabelo sentengiso seemveliso ze-P2.5 sehlile ukusuka kwi-32% ngo-2016 ukuya kwi-14% ngo-2017, ngelixa isabelo semveliso ye-P1.5 ne-P1.2 inyuke ngokukhawuleza, ukusuka kwi-2016 iyonke. Ukusuka kuma-34% ngowama-2017 ukuya kuma-53% ngowama-2017. Iindleko eziqhutywa ziThekhinoloji ziye zaqhubeka ukwehla, iimveliso ezineziphumo ezingcono zokubonisa kwimimandla emincinci zamkelwa ngokukhawuleza kwintengiso, kwaye isabelo sentengiso seemveliso ezinemigangatho emincinci inyuke ngokukhawuleza.
Ngokuncitshiswa okungaphezulu kwenqaku le-pixel, iimveliso ze-LED zingenile ngakumbi kumhlaba wesicelo, kwaye ukunciphisa iindleko kuye kwenza ii-LEDs ezincinci zokungena zingene kumhlaba wokubonisa wentengiso, kuba yeyona nto iphambili ekuqhubeni ii-LEDs ezincinci ukuze zigcine ukuchuma okuphezulu. Ngokwedatha evela kwi-Aowei Cloud Network, isikali sentengiso yentsimbi yase China ikhule ukusuka kwi-15.2 yezigidigidi ze-yuan ngo-2010 ukuya kwi-74.5 yezigidigidi ze-yuan ngo-2018, kunye nenqanaba lokukhula komxube wama-22.0%. Kulindeleke ukuba ngo-2020, idlule kwi-yuan eyi-100 yezigidigidi. Ngokwamacandelo, izinga lokukhula konyaka kwi-LED encinci kwimakethi yokubonisa yorhwebo kwi-2018 ifikelele kwi-55.2%, esekwinqanaba lokukhula ngokukhawuleza kwesabelo esisezantsi kunye nenqanaba lokukhula okuphezulu. Ngokuchaseneyo, inqanaba lokukhula kwezikrini zokucofa i-LCD yi-13.5%, ngelixa i-DLP iskrinta Iscreen sokubonisa sehle nge-9.7% unyaka nonyaka, kwaye isithuba esincinci siya kuqhubeka ukunika umdlalo opheleleyo kwezinye izinto eziluncedo kwaye ucofe indawo enkulu intengiso yentengiso. Iimeko zesahlulo sangoku apho abavelisi bekhawulezisa iinzame zabo kubandakanya imiboniso emikhulu yentengiso yezithuthi ezinje ngezikhululo zeenqwelo moya kunye nezikhululo zikaloliwe ezikhawulezayo, intengiso yorhwebo, iithiyetha zemiboniso bhanyabhanya kunye namagumbi eenkomfa.
(1) Isibhengezo esikhulu sezithuthi
Ngokwezothutho olukhulu, izikhululo zeenqwelo moya kunye nezikhululo zikaloliwe ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe sele zibeke inani elikhulu lemiboniso ye-LED. Ukusuka kwimiboniso yolwazi ngenqwelomoya ukuya kwizikrini zentengiso ezahlukeneyo, ii-LED zingene, kwaye zininzi iimeko ezimangalisayo zokubonisa i-LED kwizikhululo zeenqwelo moya ezinkulu kwihlabathi liphela. Okwangoku, inqanaba lokungena kwe-LEDs encinci ye-pitch kwii-hubs zokuhamba ayiphezulu. Ngokwehla okuqhubekayo kweendleko, kusekho indawo enkulu yee-LEDs ezincinci. Izikhululo zeenqwelo moya, izikhululo zikaloliwe, uthutho lukaloliwe lwasezidolophini kunye nezinye iindawo ziya kuqhubeka nokungena ngaphakathi.
Thatha izikhululo zeenqwelo moya zasekhaya njengomzekelo. Ukuphela kokuphela kuka-2018, inani elipheleleyo leenqwelo moya zasekuhlaleni zazingama-235, ezingama-37 zazinokuhamba ngenqwelomoya ngaphezulu kwezigidi ezili-10. Njengokuba iindleko zezikrini ezincinci ze-LED ezinciphileyo ziye zehla, izikhululo zeenqwelomoya ezinkulu zisebenzise izikrini ze-LED ukubuyisela iibhokisi ezikhanyayo Ukwanda kwintengiso kuya kuzisa ubungakanani bemakethi phantse i-1 yezigidigidi kwixesha elizayo, kwaye kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukungena kweenkampani zokubonisa i-LED zasekhaya Intsimi yentengiso yezithuthi zaphesheya kwezilwandle, kuya kubakho indawo ethe kratya yokukhula kwiindawo zokuhamba zehlabathi.
(2) Intengiso yeCinema
Umboniso weCinema ngomnye amandla kwintengiso yokubonisa. Njengamaqela abathengi aneemfuno eziphezulu zokujonga amava, ii-LEDs kulindeleke ukuba zingene kwiscema kwesikrini phantsi kwentsingiselo yenkcazo ephezulu. I-LED inokukhanya okuphezulu kombala, ukukhanya okuqaqambileyo, umahluko omkhulu, ubomi obude, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla okuphantsi. Xa kuthelekiswa nokuqikelelwa kwesibane seXenon ngoku, izibonelelo ziyabonakala. Ukuba iindleko zexesha elizayo ziyehla kuluhlu olwamkelekileyo, indawo yokubuyisela izixhobo zoqikelelo lwantlandlolo yitela encinci yokunyuka kwesithuba se-LED. Okwangoku, iimveliso ze-Onyx ze-Samsung ziye zathengiselwa kwaye zingene kumazwe ali-16 nakwimimandla kwihlabathi liphela. Phakathi kwabo, indawo yeAsia-Pacific inelona zinga liphezulu lokungena. I-Mainland i-China yaqala ukwaziswa yi-Wanda Cinemas kwi-2018, kwaye zizonke izikrini ze-7 ezisetyenzisiweyo.
Ngokwedatha evela kwi-National Bureau of Statistics, inani le-cinema yase-China (14.180, 0.07, 0.50%) kwizikrini ze-cinema zigqithile kwi-60,000 kwi-2018. nguRhulumente wezoLawulo lweMiboniso bhanya-bhanya ngo-Disemba 2018 uluvo ”, ngo-2020, inani elipheleleyo lezikrini ze-cinema liya kufikelela ngaphezulu kwe-80,000. Ukuthatha ukuba inqanaba lokungena elipheleleyo lezikrini ze-movie ezincinci ze-LED lifikelela kwi-10%, ngo-2020, ubungakanani bemakethi entsha yezikrini ze-movie inokufikelela kwi-yuan ye-3 yezigidigidi, imarike yemasheya iyi-yuan ye-9 yezigidigidi, kunye nendawo yentengiso eyi-12 yezigidigidi Yuan. Isatifikethi seDCI sangoku kunye neendleko zezikrini ze-LED ziseseyona ngxaki iphambili kwiinkampani zokubonisa ukungena kwimakethi ye-cinema. Kwixesha elizayo, nje ukuba isatifikethi seDCI saphulwe, izikrini ze-LED ziya kudlula kubuchwephesha obukhoyo ngokweendleko kunye nomgangatho, kwaye imakethi yemiboniso bhanya-bhanya iya kungena ngokukhawuleza kwaye ithathe indawo yetekhnoloji ekhoyo.
(3) Igumbi lokuhlangana
Umboniso wokuqala wegumbi lenkomfa usebenzisa iiLCD zeLCD zeLCD. Ngenxa yetekhnoloji kunye neendleko, kunzima kwiiTV ze-LCD ukufezekisa ukucaciswa kwee-intshi ezingaphezu kwe-100. Ii-LEDs zinokusombulula le ntlungu. Okwangoku, indawo yentengiso yegumbi leenkomfa nayo ingene kwinqanaba lokungena ngokukhawuleza kwezikrini ze-LED ezincinci, ezisetyenziswe ngempumelelo kumashishini amakhulu nakumaziko. Ngokwedatha evela kwi-Aowei Cloud Network, inani lamagumbi okuhlangana e-China lidlulile kwizigidi ezingama-20, kwaye ilizwe lifikelele kwizigidi ezili-100. Ukuba amagumbi eentlanganiso ezinkulu naphakathi enza i-5%, inqanaba lokungena kwezikrini ze-LED ezincinci zifikelela kwi-10%, kwaye ixabiso lesikrini ngasinye ligcinwe kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo, intengiso yasekhaya iyakufikelela kumawaka ezigidi, kwaye isikali sehlabathi siya kuba sikhulu ngakumbi.
(4) Umboniso wezemidlalo
Ukusetyenziswa komboniso we-LED kwicandelo lezemidlalo ikakhulu kubandakanya iimfuno zescreen zemidlalo eyahlukeneyo kunye nebala lemidlalo. Ibala lezemidlalo elibonisayo yindawo apho izikrini ze-LED ezincinci zazisetyenziswa ngaphambili emva kwendawo yokubonisa yobungcali. Iminyhadala yemidlalo yamazwe aphesheya nakwasekhaya ihlala ifuna ukubonakalisa ngokucacileyo, ngexesha elifanelekileyo nangokuchanekileyo ukubonisa imeko yokwenyani yemidlalo. Ukuboniswa kwe-LED encinci ye-pitch kungenziwa ngokwezifiso kuzo zonke iinkalo ezinje ngokubalula kunye nokuqaqamba ngokweemfuno zomdlalo. Kwangelo xesha, kunye nophuhliso lwetekhnoloji ye-LED, imiboniso encinci ye-LED ethembekileyo Ukuthembeka kwe-LED kuyaqhelaniswa ngokupheleleyo nokusetyenziswa kwangaphandle. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, abathengisi bezikrini zemibala epheleleyo ye-LED kukhuphiswano olukhulu lwamazwe aphesheya bahlala bevela kwisithunzi sabenzi baseTshayina. Njengonyaka wezemidlalo ophambili kwi-2020, iiOlimpiki zaseTokyo kunye neNdebe yaseYurophu ziya konyusa ibango lezikrini zokubonisa. Kwixesha elizayo, ukusuka kumnyhadala wezemidlalo nakwamanye amazwe ukuya kwimidlalo yesizwe neyasekhaya, iya kuba ngumthombo obalulekileyo wokuqhuba ukukhula kwezemidlalo.
Ngokwe-International Bureau of Statistics, ukuphela kuka-2018, bekukho iindawo zemidlalo ezingama-661 e-China, kubandakanya i-1 kwinqanaba likazwelonke, i-58 kwinqanaba lephondo, i-373 kwinqanaba lesithili, kunye ne-229 kwinqanaba ledolophu. Izinga lokungena lifikelele kwi-10%. Kuphela bubungakanani bemarike yemidlalo yekhaya yecandelo ngalinye lolawulo elikufutshane nezigidi ezingama-50 ze-yuan. Ukuba iyandiswa kwizikolo, imibutho yezentlalo kunye nakwibala lehlabathi, ubungakanani bemakethi buya kunyuka ngeodolo yobukhulu.
(5) Umboniso werenti
Umboniso werenti ugxile kwimfuno ephezulu, ngakumbi kwimidlalo yeqonga, imiboniso emikhulu, uyilo lweshishini kunye nezinye izigcawu. Izikrini ze-LED zingabonisa ukukhanya ngakumbi kunye neziphumo zobugcisa kwinqanaba, kwaye zizise amava omboniso omtsha kubaphulaphuli. Iscroll sokupeyinta kwamaTshayina esivezwe yi-LED kumsitho wokuvula iMidlalo yeOlimpiki yaseBeijing ngo-2008 ibeyinkumbulo eyoyikisayo. Ngokuphuhliswa kweshishini lokonwaba, imfuno yemiboniso ye-LED ikhula ngokukhawuleza, kwaye imarike yokubonisa yokurenta yaqala ukubonisa iimpawu zokutshisa ngo-2016. Iinkcukacha-manani ezifanelekileyo zibonisa ukuba ngo-2017, imakethi yenqanaba le-LED kwihlabathi liphela ifikelele kwizigidi ezingama-740 zeedola zaseMelika, ukonyuka konyaka-nge-14%. Kulindeleke ukuba igcine imeko yokukhula kule minyaka imbalwa izayo, kwaye isikali kulindeleke ukuba sikhule siye kwi-1 yezigidigidi zeedola zaseMelika ngo-2020.
Ngophuhliso lobuchwephesha, iikonsathi ezikumgangatho wehlabathi, ukwaziswa kwemveliso, umboniso weentengiso ezizenzekelayo, njl. I-4K kunye ne-8K inkcazo ephezulu yokubonisa izikrini zihlala zivela kwisicelo esiphakamileyo sesicelo sokuqeshisa, kwaye indawo yokurenta ihlala ihamba nesidingo sokwenza ngokwezifiso, iinkampani zokubonisa i-LED ezinokubonelela ngeseti epheleleyo yezixhobo zekhompyutha kunye neenkqubo zolawulo ziya kuzuza ukhuphiswano olomeleleyo lwentengiso kwicandelo lokurenta.
Intengiso, iimovie, amagumbi eenkomfa, njl.njl. Zezona ndawo ziphambili ze-LED zokuvula imarike yokubonisa yorhwebo, kwaye ukusuka kwimbono ye-pan-yorhwebo, ezemidlalo kunye nokuqeshisa nazo zikwangumboniso wentengiso. Ngokwezibalo ezilula, kwimarike yasekhaya, ubungakanani bemakethi yezikrini zentengiso yesikhululo seenqwelomoya kuphela ifikelele kwi-yuan ye-900 yezigidi, kwaye isixa semidlalo yeqonga namagumbi enkomfa sidlule kwi-10 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi. Ngokubhekiselele kumaziko ezemidlalo, isikali sentengiso yasekhaya yokuvuselelwa kweendawo zemidlalo kuwo onke amanqanaba sifikelele kwizigidi ezingama-40 zeerandi, kwaye kukho indawo ethe kratya yeminyhadala yezemidlalo.
Isibonisi se-LED esincinci kunye nenqanaba langaphambili lokubonisa kwimakethi liqikelelwa kwisiseko sezigidigidi. Nokuba indawo yentengiso yeemiboniso zorhwebo isekwe kolu luqikelelo lubalo lukhankanywe apha ngasentla, yimarike yekhaya kuphela enokufikelela kwinqanaba lemarike yamashumi ezigidi. Isithuba, kwindawo yezentengiso yesicelo emelwe ziindawo ezinkulu zothutho, amagumbi enkomfa, iithiyetha, ukuqeshisa, kunye neendawo zemidlalo, imiboniso emincinci ye-LED sele inamatyala acacileyo kunye neemodeli zeshishini, kunye nokungena kwexesha elizayo kunye nokwandiswa kunokulindelwa. Kwaye into esiyibonayo kukuba ukhuphiswano lwabavelisi be-LED basekhaya bayaqhubeka ukuphucula. Kwixesha elizayo, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukwanda kweemfuno zentengiso zehlabathi, kuyakubakho indawo yokukhula.
5. Ukukhawulezisa ukwanda kunye nokuseka izibonelelo kwiimarike zaphesheya
Kwi-2018, ixabiso lokuboniswa kwe-LED e-China lafikelela kwi-57.6 yezigidigidi ze-yuan, apho ixabiso lesithuba esincinci yayizi-8.5 yezigidigidi ze-yuan, zibala i-14.7%, ngelixa isithuba esincinci siza kuhlala sikhula ngaphezulu kwe-40%. IGaogong (Highgong LED) ilindele ukuba i-2020 Ixabiso lokuveliswa kwe-LED encinci lifikelele kwi-17.7 yezigidigidi ze-yuan.
Umjikelo weemfuno zaphesheya kweelwandle ze-LEDs ezincinci emva kweemarike zasekhaya kangangeminyaka emi-1-2. Isizathu kukuba iimarike zaphesheya kwezilwandle zineemfuno eziphezulu zokuzinza kwemveliso kunye nokukhula kwetekhnoloji. Kumanqanaba okuqala ophuhliso lwamabala amancinci, ukuzimisela ukwamkela imarike yaphesheya kusezantsi kakhulu kunakwimakethi yasekhaya, ukukhula kweMfuno kwaqala kancinci. Emva kweminyaka yamva nje yophuhliso, itekhnoloji ye-pitch-encinci ikhulile, kwaye ukukhula kwemfuno zaphesheya kukhawulezile. Ngokwengqikelelo ye-LEDinside, intengiso yehlabathi ye-LEDs encinci iya kukhula ngereyithi ye-75.0% kwi-2018, kwaye intengiso yehlabathi iya kufikelela kwi-USD 1.14 yezigidigidi. Xa kuthelekiswa nenqanaba lokukhula kwesikali, i-LED encinci ye-pitch encinci yafikelela kwinqanaba eliphezulu ngo-2018, ngelixa elona nqanaba liphezulu leqondo lokukhula kweemarike zasekhaya kwakungo-2017, eqinisekisa umahluko wexesha elimalunga nonyaka.
Ii-LED ze-lami ezincinci kwiimarike zaphesheya kwezilwandle zezokuqala ukusetyenziswa kwicandelo lezorhwebo, kwaye intengiso, ezentengiso kunye neemarike zokurenta zikhokela. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, imfuno yeenkqubo ezincinci zokubonisa i-LED kubugcisa bokudlala obuphezulu, imibhiyozo yenkcubeko, imiboniso yeemoto, uyilo lweshishini, intengiso yezithuthi kunye nezinye iinkalo kwiimarike zaphesheya zikhule ngokukhawuleza. Kwangelo xesha, ibango levenkile zentengiso, ukwazisa ngemveliso, izitudiyo zikanomathotholo kunye nomabonakude nazo ziyanda ngokuthe chu. Imfuno yamazwe aphesheya iza ngakumbi kwiimveliso eziphezulu, kwaye iindawo ezinokubakho kuphuhliso lwexesha elizayo nazo zigxile kwimiboniso yorhwebo.
Emva kweminyaka yophuhliso, iinkampani ze-LED ezincinci zasekhaya ziye zanokhuphiswano kwihlabathi liphela. I-Leyard kunye ne-Unilumin Technology ziye zaba ziinkampani ezintathu eziphezulu kwizabelo zentengiso encinci encinci. Ibango elivela kwiimarike zaphesheya, ngakumbi ibango lezentengiso eziphezulu, lisasasazwa kubavelisi basekhaya kwaye libonelelwe ziinkampani zokubonisa ze-LED zasekhaya. Ingeniso yaphesheya yabavelisi abakhulu inyuke unyaka nonyaka, ethi kwelinye icala iqinisekise ukwamkelwa kweemveliso kwiimarike zaphesheya, kwelinye icala, ukuphuculwa kokhuphiswano lwehlabathi. Njengoko iimfuno zaphesheya kwezilwandle zifuna i-2018, iya kuqhubeka nokugcina ukukhula okuphezulu kwixesha elizayo. Isikhundla sentengiso sabavelisi basekhaya simisela ukuba baya kufumana indawo ethe kratya yokukhula kwamazwe aphesheya.
(1) I-Mini Mini ikulungele ukuhamba, indawo encinci ayinasiphelo
Ii-LEDs ezincinci ziphumelele kwimveliso encinci. Okwangoku, izibane zasemva mini ziya kuba zezokuqala ukufezekisa ukusetyenziswa okukhulu kwezorhwebo kuqhutywa ngabavelisi besiphelo. Ukonyuka kokuthunyelwa kuya kunciphisa iindleko zee-Mini Minis kunye nokunceda iMini RGB iphumelele kwimveliso emininzi. Okwangoku, lonke ikhonkco lomzi mveliso lineemeko zetekhnoloji, amandla emveliso, kunye nemveliso. Iya kufezekisa ivolumu ephezulu ngexesha elifutshane, kwaye iMini ye-Mini iye yaba ngumjikelo omtsha wophuhliso lokubonisa lwe-LED. IMicro LED iya kungena kwicandelo lezinto ze-elektroniki ezinje ngeefowuni eziphathwayo kunye nezixhobo ezinxitywayo kwixesha elizayo. Indawo yentengiso ibanzi. Kusekwinqanaba lokugcina iteknoloji. Uyilo lwabavelisi abaphambili lukhawulezisa ukufika kwexesha le-Micro LED.
a. I-Mini Mini: imveliso yobuninzi iyafezekiswa, uphuhliso lungena kumgaqo okhawulezayo
Ngokuqhubela phambili kophando lwetekhnoloji kunye nophuhliso, iitshipsi ze-LED ziye zavela kubungakanani obuncinci, kwaye iMini ye-LED kunye neMicro LED yazalwa. I-Mini Mini, njengenqanaba lotshintsho lokuphuhliswa kwe-pitch encinci ukuya kwiMicro LED, izuza njengelungelo lokucoca ngaphandle komthungo, umbala ombala obanzi, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okuphantsi kunye nobomi obude bee-LEDs zemveli ezincinci, ngelixa zikhusela ngcono kunye nenkcazo ephezulu. , Ukuba yitekhnoloji yesizukulwana esilandelayo somboniso we-LED.
Ukusetyenziswa okukhulu kwe-Mini LED ikakhulu kumacala amabini, enye yi-RGB ukubonisa ngokuthe ngqo, ukusebenzisa iMini LED kunokufikelela kubungakanani obuncinci kunye nesisombululo sokubonisa isisombululo esiphakamileyo, enye isebenzisa iMini ye-Mini njengesisombululo esingasemva seTV, iimonitha zekhompyuter, njl. iimveliso zasemva kwexesha ezithunyelwayo zithunyelwe ngeebhetshi ezincinci kulo nyaka, ikakhulu zijolise kubavelisi beepakethe ze-LED kunye nabavelisi bezitishi zeTV. Xa kuthelekiswa neMini RGB, imakethi yabathengi ejongene nokukhanya okungaphaya ibanzi. NgoJuni walo nyaka, i-Apple WWDC iphehlelele i-Pro Display XDR, i-32-intshi ye-6K isibonisi esifana nokukhanya kwe-Mini. Iinzame zabavelisi beempawu zetheminali ezinesiphumo ziya kuqhuba ngokufanelekileyo ubeko lweshishini, ukuKhanya ngasemva kweMini kulindeleke ukuba kufezekiswe ukuveliswa kwemveliso enkulu ngexesha elifutshane.
I-Mini RGB yaveliswa ngobuninzi ngo-2018, kwaye i-pitch echaziweyo yentengiso ifikelele kwi-0.9mm. Kuveliswe iimveliso ze-P0.7 kulo nyaka. Ukusuka kwimbono yekhosi yexesha, emva kokukhanya okungasemva kweMini kungena kwimveliso yobuninzi, isiphumo sokulinganisa siya kuqonda indleko iyonke yokuncipha kweMini ye-Mini, ngaloo ndlela kunyuswe iMini RGB kwinqanaba lokuthengisa elikhulu.
Ukusuka kumbono wolwakhiwo lwenyusa, phakathi kunye nabavelisi abaphantsi komjikelo wolu shishino, iMini ye-Mini iye yaxhobisa ngempumelelo itekhnoloji, amandla, kunye neemeko zesivuno, kwaye kungekudala iza kungena kwindlela yokukhula ngokukhawuleza, kwaye iya kuba yimakethi entsha yolwandle oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwimiboniso ye-LED.
Ngokobungakanani bemakethi, inqanaba lokukhula kwe-LED kwihlabathi liphela kunye naseTshayina isekwinqanaba lokuqala lesantya esiphezulu kwaye iya kugcina ukukhula kwesantya esiphezulu. Ngokwengqikelelo ye-Gaogong ye-LED, isikali semarike yesicelo selizwe lam iMini eyi-300 yezigidi kuphela ze-yuan kwi-2018 kwaye kulindeleke ukuba ifike kwi-2.2 yezigidigidi ze-yuan kwi-2020.
b. I-Micro LED: Itekhnoloji ekhokelayo, ekhomba kwicandelo lezinto zombane zabathengi
Xa kuthelekiswa ne-Mini LED, iMicro LED ine-chip encinci kunye ne-denser doter dot. Kwixesha elizayo, iya kungena ebaleni yemiboniso emincinci efana nokunxitywa, iifowuni eziphathwayo kunye neekhompyuter, okanye ibe yenye indlela yetekhnoloji yokubonisa ye-OLED edumileyo. Okwangoku, abavelisi abaphambili beetekhnoloji ezinje ngeSamsung kunye neSony babonakalise iimveliso zeMicrosoft zeMicrosoft njengemiboniso. Ngokwengqikelelo ye-LEDinside, urhwebo lweMicrosoft LED luya kufezekiswa ngaphambi kwentsimi yeTV, emva koko kungene izixhobo ezinxitywayo, imiboniso, iifowuni eziphathwayo, i-AR / iVR, njl. Kwicandelo lezinto zombane zabathengi, indawo yokukhula kulindeleke ukuba idlule Mini LED.
Okwangoku, iMicrosoft LED isephantsi kwemida yezobuchwephesha ezinje ngeetshipsi ezincinci kunye nokudluliselwa okukhulu, kwaye khange ikwazi ukufezekisa imveliso yobuninzi. Kusekwinqanaba lokugcina iteknoloji. Nangona kunjalo, ukusukela kulo nyaka, abavelisi abaphambili nabangaphandle bayakhawulezisa ukuthunyelwa kweMicro LED. I-Micro LED iya kuba ngomnye umjikelo omtsha wophuhliso lwe-LED emva kweMini ye-Mini, kwaye ukusuka kwibala elincinci ukuya kwiMini ukuya kwiMicro, inkqubo yomjikelo omtsha ukusuka ekubonakaleni ukuya kwindawo ephambili iyakhawuleza ngenxa yophuhliso lwetekhnoloji.
6. Uxinaniso lweshishini le-LED lilungele ukukhokelela phambili
Uphuhliso lwekhonkco leshishini le-LED lasekhaya likhule ngokwentelekiso, kwaye uxinzelelo lweemarike luphezulu kakhulu, kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe lonyuka ukusuka ezantsi ukuya phezulu. Kwindawo yokubonisa esezantsi, izibonelelo zabavelisi abakhokelayo ziya ziba ngakumbi nangakumbi. Isabelo sentengiso seemfuno zokugqibela sigxile kwiinkokheli. Intsebenziswano yomxokelelwane womzi mveliso wonke yenza abenzi be-LED babonise ukhuphiswano lwehlabathi. Ngezicwangciso ezitsha zetekhnoloji yokwandisa amandla, baya kugcina umvuzo ophezulu kwixesha elizayo. Izinga lokukhula.
(1) Umxokelelwane wokubonelela wasekhaya ugxile, kwaye inzuzo yesikali iya icaca ngakumbi
Ikhonkco le-LED lizahlula kwiichips eziphezulu, ukupakisha phakathi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezantsi. Okwangoku, ishishini lelizwe lam le-LED likhule ngokwentelekiso kwihlabathi liphela. Umzi mveliso wonke ukhuphiswano olomeleleyo kunye nesabelo sentengiso esiphezulu kwihlabathi liphela, kwaye imakethi yasekhaya ineqondo eliphezulu lokuxinana, eliye lenyuka ukusuka ezantsi ukuya ezantsi.
Ngokwedatha ye-Gaogong LED, ixabiso lilonke lemveliso yelizwe lam e-LED ngo-2018 yayiyi-728.7 yezigidigidi ze-yuan, ngenqanaba lokukhula komdibaniso wama-24.4% kule minyaka ili-10 idlulileyo. Ishishini lokukhula okuphezulu ngokwenqanaba lokukhula. Ngokwendlela yokuhanjiswa kwexabiso, elona galelo likhulu lomzi mveliso we-LED livela kumzi mveliso wesicelo esezantsi. Kwi-2018, ixabiso lesiphumo sokusetyenziswa kwe-LED lenze i-84.2%. Kule minyaka ili-10 idlulileyo, ixabiso lesiphumo seshishini lesicelo se-LED lenyukile ukusuka kwi-70% ukuya kwi-84%, kwaye isabelo seshishini sigqitha kude nenqanaba leetshipsi eziphezulu kunye nokupakishwa kwaphakathi.
Kwi-2018, ixabiso lemveliso yelizwe lam le-LED elibonise ukuba iitshipsi ezikhuphukayo zibalwa nge-2.6%, ukupakishwa kwabalelwa kwi-13.2%, kunye nezicelo ezantsi ezantsi ngaphezulu kwe-80%. Kwi-2018, ixabiso lesicelo selizwe lam se-LED yayiyi-613.6 yezigidigidi ze-yuan, amaxesha ali-10 exabiso lokuvelisa i-yuan ye-60 yezigidigidi ngo-2009, kwaye i-CAGR kule minyaka ili-10 idlulileyo yayiyi-25.3%.
Ukusukela ngo-2009, urhulumente unike inkxaso-mali eyomeleleyo kumzi-mveliso we-LED, nto leyo ekhokelela ekubeni kugqitywe ngaphaya komgangatho kunye nokwehla okuqhubekayo kumaxabiso e-chip. Emva kweminyaka eliqela yohlengahlengiso kwipateni yokhuphiswano, ishishini langoku elinyukayo lijolise kakhulu, izabelo zentengiso zigxile eSan Optoelectronics nakwiHC Semitek (9.430, 0.01, 0.11%) nakwezinye iinkampani ezihamba phambili, kwi2018, ishishini le-chip yasekhaya ye-LED I-CR3 ifikelele kuma-71%.
Ukusuka kwimbono yesabelo sentengiso sehlabathi, ixabiso lesiphumo se-China ye-China okwangoku i-40% yeemarike zehlabathi.
Umzi mveliso wokupakisha ophakathi nawo ukwanamava emodeli yophuhliso enyukayo, ngokunyuka ngokuthe ngcembe kuxinzelelo lweshishini kunye notshintsho lwehlabathi kushishino. Okwangoku, iinkampani zokupakisha zase China zenza ngaphezulu kwe-50% yexabiso lemveliso yelizwe, efikelela kuma-58.3% ngo-2017.
Inkqubo yokhuphiswano kushishino lwasekhaya lenze imeko "yento enye enkulu, eninzi yomelele". Ukusuka kwimbono yeenkampani zangaphakathi zokupakishwa kwe-LED ku-2018, ingeniso yonyaka ephezulu ye-LED yengeniso yeshishini kwi-2018 yonke idlulile kwi-yuan ye-1.5 yezigidigidi, apho i-Mulinsen yeyona inkulu, kufutshane isihlandlo sesibini ngobukhulu kwi-National Star Optoelectronics. Ngokombono wezicelo zokubonisa i-LED, ngokwezibalo ze-LED zangaphakathi, ngowama-2018, abenzi base China ababonisa ukupakisha babekwa kwindawo yokuqala kwingeniso, kulandele uMulinsen kunye noDongshan Precision (26.200, -0.97, -3.57%).
Umkhwa weshishini lesicelo esezantsi ngokufanayo iyafana nemeko yokushishina kwe-LED, kwaye inqanaba lokukhula liphezulu kancinci kunelo kushishino ngokubanzi. I-Gaogong LED iqikelela ukuba ukusuka ngo-2017 ukuya ku-2020, i-CAGR yezicelo ze-LED kwilizwe lase China ziya kuba malunga ne-18.8%; ngo-2020, ixabiso lemveliso ye-LED esezantsi kwezicelo ziya kufikelela kwi-890 yezigidigidi ze-yuan.
Kwi-2018, bonisa izikrini ezenzelwe i-16% yenqanaba lesicelo sentengiso esezantsi. Kukho ikakhulu abavelisi bekhusi aba-6 basekhaya. I-Leyard kunye ne-Unilumin Technologies zinesabelo esikhulu semarike kwaye ziinkokheli zeshishini. Absen (10.730, 0.04, 0.37)%), iLianjian Optoelectronics (3.530, 0.03, 0.86%) (ukukhuselwa kwamalungelo), iAlto Electronics, kunye neLehman Optoelectronics (8.700, -0.09, -1.02%) zilandelwa sisabelo sentengiso. Abavelisi abaphambili banesabelo esiphezulu ngokwentengiso yentengiso yehlabathi. I-Leyard kunye ne-Unilumin Technologies ziye zaba ziinkampani ezintathu eziphezulu emhlabeni ezinezabelo ezincinane ze-pitch.
Lilonke, icandelo le-LED linamava enkqubo yokugqithisela amandla emveliso kwilizwekazi lase China, kwaye abavelisi basekhaya ngoku banenxalenye ephezulu yentengiso yehlabathi. Kwangelo xesha, uxinzelelo lweemarike zasekhaya ngokuthe ngcembe lonyukile. Ukusuka kwisicelo ukuya kwimveliso ye-chip, kokukhona ingxinano yamashishini anyukayo, kokukhona isabelo semarike sabavelisi abakhokelayo kwiikhonkco ezahlukeneyo. Ukuxhamla kwizibonelelo zesikali, inqanaba labavelisi abaphambili lihlanganisiwe kuphuhliso lweshishini. Kwixa elizayo, izibonelelo zabavelisi bamazwe aphambili ziya kubonakala ngakumbi kwiimarike zasekhaya nakwihlabathi liphela.
(2) Ukhuphiswano lwehlabathi luphuculwe, kwaye isiphumo sentloko secandelo lokubonisa le-LED sandile
Okwangoku, ukhuphiswano lwehlabathi lweenkampani zokubonisa i-LED ngokuthe ngcembe luya lusiba nzulu, kwaye iinkampani ezikhokelayo ezinesikhundla sokuzinza kwimarike ziye zaphuhliswa. Ukusuka kumboniso wesiko ukuya kwinqanaba elincinci, indawo yokukhula yexesha elizayo ivela kwimfuno yokubonisa yorhwebo ephezulu. Ngokusekwe kuncedo lwentloko, ukuhanjiswa kweemarike kuya kugxila kubakhiqizi abakhokelayo. Umxokelelwane weshishini le-LED wasekhaya ukhulile kwaye ukunyuka nokuhla komfutho kufezekisa unxibelelwano olulungileyo, olubonelela ngendawo eyodwa kwimizi-mveliso yokubonisa abavelisi ukufezekisa ukulungiswa kwetekhnoloji kunye nenkxaso yemveliso. Ke ngoko, umphumo wentloko yepaneli yokubonisa iya kuqhubeka nokwenza nzulu.
1. Ukulungiswa kwetekhnoloji, ukuhanjiswa okuphezulu kugxile kwinkokeli
Nangona uxinzelelo kwimakethi yokubonisa yasekhaya ye-LED isezantsi kunaleyo inyukayo kunye ne-middleream, kunye nophuhliso lwetekhnoloji, unikezelo luye lujolise ngakumbi kubavelisi bentloko. Isabelo sentengiso sezona nkampani zintathu zibonakalisiweyo ze-LED ezidwelisiweyo zafikelela kuma-30.2% ngowama-2017. Phakathi kwazo, iLeyard kunye ne-Unilumin Technology zinezabelo ezibalaseleyo zentengiso, ezifikelela kwi-14.0% kunye ne-7.2% ngokwahlukeneyo. Xa kuthelekiswa nemiboniso ye-LED yemveli, itekhnoloji kunye nezithintelo zesitishi seemveliso ezincinci ze-pitch ziphakame kakhulu, ngakumbi kwinqanaba lokuqala lophuhliso, ezibekwa kwindawo ephezulu. Abavelisi abakhulu kuphela abanokufumana isabelo sentengiso. Ke ngoko, uxinzelelo kumzi mveliso luphezulu kunolo boniso lwe-LED yemveli. Isabelo esipheleleyo semakethi sabavelisi abakhulu sidlula i-60%, ngelixa isabelo sentengiso sabenzi abaphezulu aba-3 kwimarike yokubonisa ye-LED iyonke yayiyi-24.8% kuphela ngo-2017. Phakathi kwabo, abavelisi ababini abaphezulu kwimakethi encinci, iLeyard kunye ne-Unilumin, ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha sesabelo sentengiso kwikota yokuqala yowama-2018, efikelela kuma-58.1%.
Ukujonga kulwakhiwo lwangoku lwabenzi bemiboniso kwi-Mini LED, unikezelo lwexesha elizayo luya kugxila kubenzi beentloko, kuba abavelisi abanesabelo sentengiso esikhokelayo banamandla obuchwephesha kunye nezemali. Ukuqhubela phambili kophuhliso ukusuka kumboniso we-LED wemveli ukuya kwitreyini encinci kuya kungena ukusuka kumboniso ozinikeleyo ukuya kumboniso wentengiso kwitreyini encinci, kwaye ukuphuculwa kwenowuthi encinci ukuya kwi-Mini LED kuya kudityaniswa ngakumbi, kwaye uxinzelelo lwentengiso luya kukhula ngakumbi kwixesha elizayo.
2. Ixhaswe lityathanga lezamashishini, izibonisi ze-LED ziqokelele ukhuphiswano lwehlabathi
Uninzi lwabenzi behlabathi abakwaziyo ukuvelisa kunye nokuthengisa ii-LEDs ezincinci zijolise kwilizwe lase China. Inqanaba lesikhundla sokuqala kwisabelo sentengiso se-LED esincinci emhlabeni, isabelo sentengiso se-Unilumin Technology sesona sithathu siphezulu, kwaye isabelo sentengiso yasekhaya sesibini emva kweLeyard. Ukusuka kumbono wenkxaso yecandelo lezemveliso, ii-akhawunti zasekhaya zokupakishwa kwexabiso le-LED ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha sehlabathi liphela, ngelixa iinkampani ezikhulayo ezinje ngeSan Optoelectronics kunye neHC Semitek zibonelela ngenani elikhulu leetshipsi ezikumgangatho ophezulu nezikhuphisanayo ukufezekisa uqoqosho lwesikali Abavelisi bokubonisa i-LED yasekhaya kunye nokwenza ukuba uKhuphiswano lwehlabathi lubonelele ngenkxaso kumzi mveliso.
Ngokwezibalo ze-LEDinside, iTshayina yenza i-48.8% yeemarike zokubonisa i-LED ezincinci ezisezantsi kwihlabathi ngo-2018, kwaye i-China yenza malunga ne-80% ye-Asia iphela. Iinkampani zokubonisa i-Overseas ze-LED ngokusisiseko zineemveliso ezinkulu zeDaktronics kunye nokuthengiswa kweemveliso ezincinci ze-LED, kodwa iindleko ziphezulu kakhulu kunalezo zeenkampani zaseTshayina. Xa kuthelekiswa neenkampani zaphesheya, iinkampani ze-LED ezincinci zasekhaya zinezibonelelo ezibonakalayo zokhuphiswano ngokubhekisele kwinqanaba lokukhula kunye nenzuzo.
Ukujonga kwinqanaba labenzi kwimakethi yehlabathi, i-LEDinside yenze amanani eengeniso zabavelisi abaphambili be-LED abasibhozo. Ngaphandle kwenqanaba lesithathu leDaktronics, abavelisi abasibhozo abaphezulu ngo-2018 bonke bangabenzi baseTshayina, kwaye abenzi abaphezulu abasixhenxe bahlala kwi-50.2% yesabelo sentengiso, i-LEDinside iqikelela ukuba eli nqanaba liza kunyuka liye kwi-53.4% ngo-2019. I-pitch i-LED yokubonisa abavelisi, iyahambelana nemeko yentengiso yasekhaya kwaye ine-concentration ephezulu kunabavelisi be-LED. I-TrendForce kutshanje ikhuphe i-2019 yehlabathi encinci ye-LED yokubonisa inqanaba ledatha yengeniso. Abavelisi abathandathu abaphezulu banazo zonke ezivela e-China, i-Samsung Electronics izakubekwa kwindawo yesixhenxe, kwaye ezintathu eziphezulu ziya kuba ne-49.5%, kwaye ezisixhenxe eziphezulu ziya kuba yi-66.4%. Kuyabonakala ukuba, emva kweminyaka yophuhliso, abavelisi bokubonisa i-LED basekhaya bazinzile kwi-echelon yokuqala kwihlabathi liphela, ngakumbi amandla endawo encinci yanele ukunika umdlalo kwizibonelelo zabo kwintengiso yokubonisa.
3. Amandla emveliso abavelisi ayaqhubeka nokwanda, ebeka isiseko sokukhula kwesikali kwixesha elizayo
Ukusuka kwimbuyekezo yengeniso yabavelisi abakhulu abathandathu kuphela kwimiboniso ye-LED, enkosi kwinto yokuba iipaki ezincinci ziye zaqheleka ngo-2016, ingeniso yentengiso yabavelisi abathandathu inyukile unyaka nonyaka, kunye nokwanda kweLeyard kunye ne-Unilumin Technology lelona libalaseleyo. Ngokomgangatho wokukhula kwengeniso, izinga lokukhula kwabavelisi abaphezulu likwangaphezulu kunelabanye abavelisi. Phakathi kwabo, i-Unilumin Technology yangena ngempumelelo kwimakethi ngokukhawuleza ngemodeli yokuhambisa, ngezinga eliphezulu lokukhula kwi-2017-2018. Abavelisi abanesabelo sentengiso esisezantsi baba ziinkwenkwezi ezikhulayo kwisiqingatha sokuqala salo nyaka, kwaye ukukhula kwabo kwengeniso kugqithile kuleyo yabavelisi abaziintloko, bafumana ukukhula okungaphezulu kwama-35%, enkosi kwimizamo yabo kwimiboniso emincinci ye-pitch.
Ngelixa imfuno yeepaki ezincinci ikhula ngokukhawuleza, ukukhula kwengeniso kwabavelisi be-LED kukhatshwa kukwanda komthamo. Ukuqwalaselwa kokukhula kwengeniso yokusebenza kunye nenkcitho eyinkunzi yabenzi abane be-LED ukusuka ngo-2016 ukuya kwisiqingatha sokuqala sika-2019, ingeniso yokusebenza edibeneyo igcine izinga lokukhula elingaphezulu kwama-20%, kwaye inkcitho yenkcitho yonyaka iphelele yahlala ngaphezulu kwezigidi ezingama-450. Ngaphandle kokwehla okuncinci kwi-2018, inkcitho eyinkunzi igcine ukukhula. Iqhutywa yimarike yokubonisa yorhwebo kunye nee-Mini / ii-LEDs ezincinci, ukukhula konyaka-kwinkcitho yenkcitho eyonyuswe ngo-2019.
Ukusukela ngo-2019, abavelisi be-LED babonakalise amandla emveliso yeM Mini Mini. Kulindelwe ukuba ii-Mini Minis ezisandula ukongezwa kwiminyaka emi-2-3 ezayo izakufikelela ngokuthe ngcembe kumthamo ocwangcisiweyo wemveliso, kunye nenqanaba lemveliso yabenzi abakhulu liya kuthi gqolo ukwanda. Imfuno ye-Mini LED iyathembisa, kwaye ukwandiswa kwesakhono semveliso kuya kubeka isiseko kubavelisi bokufezekisa ukukhula kwengeniso kunye nokwanda kwesabelo sentengiso.
4. Ingcebiso kutyalo-mali kunye nokucetyiswa ekujoliswe kuko
Amandla okuqhubela phambili nophuhliso lweempawu ze-LED zivela kwindlela yokukhula kwenqanaba elincinci kwintengiso yokubonisa kunye nomjikelo omtsha wokwandiswa kwemfuno oziswa ngumthamo onzima wee-Mini Mini. Kwixesha elifutshane, umfutho wophuhliso wecandelo ngalinye lentengiso yemarike yomelele. Kwixesha eliphakathi, i-Mini LED ifezekisa ukusetyenziswa okukhulu kwezorhwebo, ngelixa ukukhula kwexesha elide kuxhomekeke kubuchwephesha obuvuthiweyo beTekhnoloji ye-LED engena kwicandelo lezinto zombane zabathengi. Ukuxinana kwetyathanga lezamashishini kuye kwanda kwaye iinzuzo zesikali sabavelisi abakhokelayo ziye zabalasela. Ngotyekelo lwemfuno eguqukela kwisiphelo esiphakamileyo, sicebisa abavelisi abakhokelayo kolu shishino kunye nabo banezibonelelo kwiimveliso eziphezulu.
(1) Iingcebiso zotyalo-mali kushishino
Lilonke, ukukhula kwicala leemfuno sesona sizathu siphambili sokubonisa kwe-LED ukungena kumjikelo wokunyuka. Ukuphuhliswa kweshishini kuhlala kujikeleze ukufakwa endaweni yemfuno, kwaye ukuvela kwesithuba esincinci kuzise utshintsho olululo, kuqonda ukuba ii-LEDs zisuka ngaphandle ziye endlwini. Ngokuncitshiswa kweendleko, icandelo lokubonisa lobuchwephesha lingena kwindawo ebanzi yorhwebo.
Okwangoku, imfuno yesithuba esincinci isekwinqanaba lokuphuhliswa okukhawulezayo, kwaye inqanaba lokungena kwicandelo lokubonisa lobungcali liphezulu kakhulu. Ukukhula kwexesha elizayo kuya kuvela kwixesha elinamandla lokuqaliswa kwemveliso yokuqala kunye nokungena kweeyunithi zolawulo lwephondo nolomasipala ukuya kwinqanaba lesithili nelommandla. Iimarike zisesekuqaleni. Kwixesha elizayo, ukukhula okuphezulu kwemfuno yentengiso yezithuthi, ukuthengisa okuthengisa, indawo zemiboniso bhanyabhanya, amagumbi okuhlangana kunye nezinye iinkqutyana ziya kuzisa indawo yentengiso ye-100 yezigidi zeerandi. Kwangelo xesha, imakethi encinci ye-pitch yaphesheya ingene kwixesha lokukhula ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ibango lilonke loshishini lokubonisa i-LED liyabonakala. Kwangelo xesha kunye nokuphuhliswa kwebala elincinci, i-Mini Mini ifezekisile imveliso encinci, kwaye iya kungena kwindawo esekhaya kwikamva. Imveliso yobuninzi be-Mini backlight iya kukhuthaza ukunciphisa iindleko, kwaye iMini RGB nayo iya kunyusa ivolumu. Imakethi yokubonisa yentengiso ixhonywe kumjikelo wobuchwephesha obutsha be-Mini / Micro LED. Inkqubo yokuphuhliswa komboniso we-LED kwixesha elifutshane, eliphakathi nelide lishwankathelwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
Ukujonga imeko yecala lokubonelela, umzi mveliso wasekhaya we-LED sele ukhulile, amandla emveliso kwihlabathi lonke atshintshele kwilizwe lase China, kwaye uxinzelelo kumzi-mveliso kwimarike yekhaya ngokuthe chu lonyukile ukusuka ezantsi ukuya ezantsi. Uphuhliso olulungelelanisiweyo lwetyathanga lezemveliso luqhubekile ukomeleza ukhuphiswano lwabenzi bemiboniso ye-LED basekhaya. Ngolunye uhlaziyo kunye nokulungiswa kwetekhnoloji, ukuhanjiswa kweemveliso eziphezulu kwikamva kuya kuba ngakumbi kwaye kugxile kakhulu kubavelisi abaphambili kwishishini. Ukudityaniswa kwezibonelelo zesikali kwenza ukuba abavelisi abakhokelayo bafumane ukonyuka okungaphezulu kwesabelo sentengiso ngelixa bekonyusa ibango. Kwelinye icala, isicwangciso sokwandiswa kwesakhono sabavelisi abaphambili siza kukhulisa ukukhula kwenqanaba lerhafu. Ke ngoko, sicebisa ukuba sinikele ingqalelo ekukhokeleni abavelisi bokubonisa i-LED kunye nabo banezibonelelo kwimfuno ephezulu.
(2) Isihloko esicetyiswayo
Ngokusekwe kuhlalutyo olubanzi, ikakhulu sicebisa i-Unilumin Technology (300232), umenzi ophambili womboniso we-LED, kunye neAlto Electronics (002587), umvelisi onenzuzo kwiimfuno zokubonisa eziphezulu. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ujonge iLeyard (300296), iNational Star Optoelectronics (002449), iJufei Optoelectronics (300303), iRuifeng Optoelectronics (8.340, 0.34, 4.25%) (300241), Hongli Zhihui (12.480, 0.21, 1.71%) ( 300219), Sanan Optoelectronics (600703), HC Semitek (300708), njl.
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(Ingxelo yomthombo: Ukhuseleko lweHuajin)
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-02-2020