A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, kwakwalwan gida sun fuskanci haɗari na "manne wuyansa".Wasu masana sun tattauna cewa, ko dai kasar Sin za ta iya gina kwakwalwan kwamfuta na cikin gida ta hanyar fasahar kasashen ketare, ko kuma ta nemi wata hanya da bude wata sabuwar hanya don cimma matsaya.Babu shakka, hanya ta ƙarshe ta fi wahala.A halin yanzu, waɗannan hanyoyi guda biyu suna kama da juna, kuma kowannensu yana da ci gaba.
Kera wutar lantarki ta cikin gida ta cimma nanoscale a karon farko
A yammacin ranar 14 ga watan Satumba, masana kimiyyar kasar Sin sun buga sabon bincikensu a cikin babbar mujallar ilimi ta duniya "Nature".A karo na farko, sun sami nanoscale haske mai sassaka tsari mai girma uku, wanda ya haifar da babban ci gaba a fagen kera guntu na hoto na gaba.Yana da kyau gaallon jagora mai sassauci.Wannan babbar ƙirƙira na iya buɗe sabuwar hanya don kera guntu na hoto a nan gaba, kuma ana sa ran za a yi amfani da ita wajen ƙirƙira maɓalli na na'urorin na'urar daukar hoto kamar na'urori masu sarrafa wutar lantarki, masu tace sauti, da kuma memories na ferroelectric mara sa canzawa.Yana da fa'idodin aikace-aikace masu fa'ida a cikin sadarwar 5G/6G, kwamfuta na gani, hankali na wucin gadi da sauran fannoni.
Lu'u-lu'u na masana'antar photoelectric, ana amfani da shi sosai a ƙasa
Chips na gani sune ainihin abubuwan da ke cikin fagen samar da wutar lantarki.na'urorin lantarki (wanda ake nufi da kwakwalwan kwamfuta na gani a kasar Sin) muhimmin yanki ne na masana'antar semiconductor na duniya.Tare da ci gaba mai ƙarfi na masana'antar semiconductor na photoelectric, kwakwalwan kwamfuta na gani, a matsayin ainihin abubuwan da ke cikin sarkar masana'antar sama, an yi amfani da su sosai a cikin sadarwa, masana'antu, amfani, da sauransu da yawa filayen.A cewar Gartner’s rarrabuwa, na’urorin lantarki sun haɗa da CCD, CIS, LED, photon detectors, photoelectric, laser chips da sauran nau'ikan.
A matsayin ginshiƙan ɓangarorin masana'antar photoelectric, za a iya raba kwakwalwan kwamfuta na gani zuwa kwakwalwan kwamfuta masu aiki da kwakwalwan kwamfuta masu amfani gwargwadon ko canjin siginar hoto ya faru.Za a iya ƙara rarraba kwakwalwan kwamfuta masu aiki zuwa kwakwalwan kwamfuta masu watsawa da karɓar kwakwalwan kwamfuta;m na gani kwakwalwan kwamfuta Yana yafi hada da Tantancewar sauya kwakwalwan kwamfuta, Tantancewar katako splitter kwakwalwan kwamfuta, da dai sauransu. Hakanan ana amfani dashi a cikinP1.56 m allo.A cikin wannan rahoto, mun mai da hankali kan yanayin ci gaban masana'antu, sararin kasuwa da damar ganowa na kwakwalwan kwamfuta masu aiki kamar kwakwalwan Laser da kwakwalwan gano hoton.
Akwai ƙananan nau'ikan kwakwalwan kwamfuta na gani da yawa, kuma masana'antar ta ƙunshi fage da yawa.Baya ga rabe-raben aiki/m a sama, ana iya raba kwakwalwan kwamfuta na gani zuwa nau'i hudu: InP, GaAs, tushen silicon da sirara-fim lithium niobate bisa ga tsarin kayan aiki daban-daban da tsarin masana'antu.The InP substrate yafi hada da kai tsaye modulation DFB/Electro-absorption modulation EML kwakwalwan kwamfuta, gane PIN/APD kwakwalwan kwamfuta, amplifier kwakwalwan kwamfuta, modulator kwakwalwan kwamfuta, da dai sauransu GaAs substrates sun hada da high-ikon Laser kwakwalwan kwamfuta, VCSEL kwakwalwan kwamfuta, da dai sauransu Silicon substrates sun hada da PLC, AWG. , modulator, kwakwalwan kwamfuta na canzawa na gani da sauransu, LiNbO3 ya haɗa da kwakwalwan kwamfuta, da sauransu.
kwakwalwan kwamfuta na gani suna haifar da damar ci gaba
Tsawon rabin karni, fasahar microelectronics ta haɓaka cikin sauri daidai da dokar Moore.Yana da kyau gajagoranci nuni masana'antu.Matsalar amfani da wutar lantarki ta ƙara zama ƙwanƙwasa wanda ke da wahala ga fasahar microelectronics ta warware.Ci gaban kwakwalwan kwamfuta yana gabatowa iyakar Dokar Moore, kuma yana da wahala a ci gaba da neman ci gaba a cikin tsarin fasahar sarrafa kwamfuta.A cikin fasaha mai yuwuwar rushewa da ke fuskantar "zamanin-Moore", kwakwalwan kwamfuta na gani sun shiga fagen hangen nesa na mutane.Kwakwalwar gani gabaɗaya ana yin su ne da kayan aikin semiconductor (InP da GaAs, da sauransu), kuma suna fahimtar jujjuyawar siginar hoto ta hanyar ƙirƙira da ɗaukar hoto tare da tsarin canjin matakin makamashi na ciki.
Haɗin kai na gani yana iya haɓaka ƙarfin sadarwa a cikin matsakaicin watsawa ta hanyar amfani da hanyoyi daban-daban (kamar rabe-rabe mai yawa WDM mai tsayi, ma'amala tsakanin yanayin rabo MDM, da sauransu).Don haka, haɗin kai na gani akan guntu bisa ga haɗaɗɗen da'irar gani ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin fasaha mai yuwuwar gaske, wacce za ta iya faɗuwa yadda ya kamata ta cikin ƙulli na ƙayyadaddun da'irori na gargajiya na gargajiya.Ƙaddamar da na'urorin gani na gani, Laser fiber, lidars da sauran tsaka-tsaki da ƙananan hanyoyin haɗin yanar gizo a cikin sarkar masana'antu suna ci gaba da sauƙi.A halin yanzu, ƙasa ta ƙasa
sassa kamar na'urorin gani, fiber lasers, da lidars suna da ƙarfi gasa, kuma ƙaddamar da filayen da suka danganci za su ci gaba da ci gaba.Dangane da na'urori masu gani, bisa ga kididdigar da Lightcounting ya fitar a watan Mayu 2022, masana'antun kasar Sin za su mamaye shida daga cikin manyan masana'antun na'urorin gani na gani a duniya a cikin 2021.
Ci gaba da hanyar fita daga masana'antar guntu na gani na kasar Sin
A kasuwannin cikin gida, sakamakon karuwar bukatu mai yawa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, masana'antun cikin gida sun yi kokarin gina masana'antar guntu ta kasar Sin ta hanyar bincike da bunkasa fasahar kere-kere, sayen kasashen waje da sauran hanyoyin.Rashin babban na'urorin gani na gani na cikin gida ya kawo babbar damammakin ci gaba ga masana'antar.Tare da goyon bayan manufofi, masana'antar guntu na gani na ƙasata ta haɓaka cikin sauri.Yana da kyau gam LED allon.Musamman a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, yanayin kasa da kasa ya kasance maras tabbas, kuma abubuwan da suka faru na samar da kwakwalwan kwamfuta na cikin gida sun faru akai-akai.Canjin cikin gida kuma ya zama babban batu a masana'antar semiconductor na cikin gida a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, dogara ga ci gaba da ƙoƙarin wasu manyan kamfanonin guntu na gida.
Ga kasar Sin, ya zama wajibi a gaggauta gyara kurakuran da aka samu a fannin na'urorin lantarki na gargajiya, amma kuma a yi kokarin tsara sabbin na'urori kamar na'urorin lantarki da sauri.Tare da matakai biyu, za a yi ƙoƙari don amfani da damar sabon zagaye na juyin juya halin fasaha da sauyin masana'antu.
Lokacin aikawa: Dec-02-2022