M'zaka zaposachedwa, tchipisi tapakhomo takumana ndi ngozi ya "khosi lokhazikika".Akatswiri ena akambirana kuti China ikhoza kumanga tchipisi tanyumba panjira yaukadaulo yakumayiko akunja, kapena kupeza njira ina ndikutsegulira njira yatsopano kuti ikwaniritse ngodya.Mwachiwonekere, njira yotsirizirayi ndi yovuta kwambiri.Pakalipano, njira ziwirizi ndizofanana, ndipo iliyonse ili ndi zopambana.
Kupanga kwapakhomo kwa optoelectronic chip kumakwaniritsa nanoscale kwa nthawi yoyamba
Madzulo a Seputembara 14, asayansi aku China adafalitsa kafukufuku wawo waposachedwa kwambiri m'magazini apamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi "Nature".Kwa nthawi yoyamba, adapeza chojambula cha nanoscale chojambula chazithunzi zitatu, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti pakhale chitukuko chachikulu pakupanga makina a optoelectronic chip m'badwo wotsatira.Kupanga kwakukulu kumeneku kungatsegule njira yatsopano yopangira ma optoelectronic chip mtsogolomo, ndipo akuyembekezeka kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida zazikulu za optoelectronic zida monga ma optoelectronic modulators, zosefera zamayimbidwe, ndi kukumbukira kosasunthika kwa ferroelectric.Ili ndi chiyembekezo chogwiritsa ntchito pakulankhulana kwa 5G/6G,Chiwonetsero cha LED, computing optical, luntha lochita kupanga ndi magawo ena.
ngale zamakampani a Optoelectronics, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kumunsi
Tchipisi za Optical ndizomwe zili zofunika kwambiri pantchito ya optoelectronics.Zida za Optoelectronic (zomwe zimatchedwa tchipisi cha kuwala ku China) ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pamakampani a semiconductor padziko lonse lapansi.Ndi chitukuko champhamvu cha makampani optoelectronic semiconductor, tchipisi kuwala, monga zigawo zikuluzikulu za unyolo kumtunda makampani, akhala ankagwiritsa ntchito mu mauthenga, makampani, mowa, etc. minda ambiri.Malinga ndi gulu la Gartner, zida za optoelectronic zikuphatikizapo CCD, CIS, LED, photon detectors, optocouplers, laser chips ndi magulu ena.Monga zigawo zikuluzikulu zamakampani optoelectronics,Optical chips akhoza
Agawidwe kukhala tchipisi tomwe timagwira ntchito komanso tchipisi tomwe timapanga tomwe timagwiritsa ntchito potengera kutembenuka kwa chizindikiro cha photoelectric.Tchipisi zowoneka bwino zitha kugawidwanso kukhala tchipisi topatsirana ndi kulandira tchipisi;tchipisi tating'ono ting'onoting'ono Zimaphatikizansopo tchipisi tokhala ndi kuwala kosinthira, tchipisi tating'onoting'ono, ndi zina.flexible LED chiwonetsero.Mu lipotili, timayang'ana kwambiri zachitukuko cha mafakitale, malo amsika ndi mwayi wopezerapo mwayi wa tchipisi tating'onoting'ono monga tchipisi ta laser ndi tchipisi ta Photon.
Pali magulu ang'onoang'ono a tchipisi ta optical, ndipo makampaniwa amatenga magawo osiyanasiyana.Kuphatikiza pa gulu logwira ntchito / lopanda pake pamwambapa, tchipisi tating'onoting'ono tingagawidwenso m'magulu anayi: InP, GaAs, silicon-based and thin-film lithium niobate malinga ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana azinthu ndi njira zopangira.Gawo la InP makamaka limaphatikizapo kusinthasintha kwachindunji kwa DFB/Electro-absorption modulation EML chips, detector PIN/APD chips, amplifier chips, modulator chips, etc. Magawo a GaAs amaphatikizapo tchipisi ta laser champhamvu kwambiri, tchipisi ta VCSEL, ndi zina zotero. Magawo a Silicon akuphatikizapo PLC, AWG , modulator, tchipisi cha kuwala ndi zina, LiNbO3 imaphatikizapo tchipisi ta module, etc.
Tchipisi za Optical zimabweretsa mwayi wachitukuko
Kwa theka la zaka, luso lazopangapanga la microelectronics lakula mofulumira malinga ndi Lamulo la Moore.Vuto logwiritsa ntchito mphamvu lakula kwambiri lomwe ndizovuta kuti ukadaulo wa microelectronics uthetse.Kukula kwa tchipisi tamagetsi kukuyandikira malire a Chilamulo cha Moore, ndipo ndizovuta kupitiliza kufunafuna zopambana mu paradigm yaukadaulo wamakompyuta.Muukadaulo womwe ungathe kusokoneza womwe ukukumana ndi "nthawi ya-Moore", tchipisi tambiri talowa m'malo amasomphenya a anthu.Tchipisi zowoneka bwino nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa ndi zida za semiconductor (InP ndi GaAs, ndi zina zambiri), ndikuzindikira kusinthika kofanana kwa ma siginecha azithunzi kudzera mum'badwo ndi kuyamwa kwa ma photon omwe amatsagana ndi njira yosinthira mphamvu yamkati.
Kulumikizana kwa kuwala kungathenso kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu yoyankhulirana mkati mwa njira yopatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zochulukitsa (monga wavelength division multiplexing WDM, mode division interoperability MDM, etc.).Choncho, pa-chip optical interconnection yochokera ku Integrated Optical circuit imatengedwa kuti ndi teknoloji yotheka kwambiri, yomwe ingathe kupyola malire a malire a chikhalidwe chophatikizika.Ndi zabwino kwachiwonetsero cha LED chowonekera.Kukhazikika kwa ma module owoneka bwino, ma fiber lasers, ma lidars ndi maulalo ena apakati ndi otsika pamaketani a mafakitale akuyenda bwino.Pakalipano, magawo akumunsi a dziko langa monga ma modules optical, fiber lasers, ndi lidars ali ndi mpikisano wamphamvu, ndipo kupititsa patsogolo madera okhudzana nawo kudzapitirizabe kupita patsogolo.Pankhani ya ma module a kuwala, malinga ndi ziwerengero zomwe zidatulutsidwa ndi Lightcounting mu Meyi 2022, opanga aku China atenga asanu ndi mmodzi mwa opanga ma module khumi apamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi mu 2021.
Kupita patsogolo ndi njira yotuluka mumakampani aku China opanga ma chip
Pamsika wapakhomo, motsogozedwa ndi kukulirakulira kwa kutsika kwamadzi m'zaka zaposachedwa, opanga zoweta ayesa kumanga mafakitale aku China optical chip kudzera mu kafukufuku waukadaulo ndi chitukuko, kugula kwakunja ndi njira zina.Kusowa kwa tchipisi tapakhomo tapamwamba kwambiri kwabweretsa mwayi waukulu wachitukuko kumakampani.Ndi chithandizo cha ndondomeko, dziko langa la optical chip industry lakula mofulumira.Makamaka m'zaka zaposachedwa, zinthu zapadziko lonse lapansi zakhala zosakhazikika, ndipo zochitika zakunja kwa tchipisi tapanyumba zakhala zikuchitika pafupipafupi.Kulowetsa m'malo mwapakhomo kwakhalanso nkhani yovuta kwambiri m'zaka zaposachedwa, kudalira kuyesetsa kwamakampani ena otsogola apanyumba.
Kwa China, ndikofunikira kukonza zolakwika m'munda wa zida zamagetsi zamagetsi posachedwa, komanso kuyesetsa kupanga mabwalo atsopano monga tchipisi tazithunzi posachedwa.Ndi njira ziwiri, kuyesayesa kudzachitidwa kuti agwiritse ntchito mwayi wa kusintha kwatsopano kwa teknoloji ndi kusintha kwa mafakitale.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-16-2022