Abstract: Umqedazwe omusha we-coronavirus uthinta kakhulu noma ushintshe isiphetho sezinkampani eziningi. Endabeni yokwehla okungazelelwe kwemali engenayo yokusebenza noma ngisho nemali engenayo engemihle, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ibhizinisi alikwazi ukuqala ukusebenza okujwayelekile, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kufanele liqhubeke nokuthwala izindleko zomholo wabasebenzi, irenti yokukhiqiza, kanye nenzalo yemalimboleko. Kulezo zinkampani ezinkulu ezinamandla amakhulu, ukuvalwa kwezinyanga ezimbili noma ezintathu okubangelwe yilo bhubhane kungalimaza uboya kuphela, kepha kumabhizinisi amancane naphakathi nendawo, kungukulimaza amathambo ukusindisa izimpilo.
Isimo esiwubhadane se-new-type coronary pneumonia sisaqhubeka. Ngabe unamuphi umthelela ubhadane olusha lwe-coronavirus kumabhizinisi, ikakhulukazi izinkampani ze-LED?
Ngokuya ngokuhlaziywa yimithombo efanele yezimboni, i-LED nezinye izimboni zizothinteka nakanjani ngaphansi komthelela walolu bhubhane. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umthelela wobhadane embonini ye-LED uzokwehla kancane kancane. Njengamanje, akulula ukwenza isinqumo ngokuthambekela kwemakethe okubhekene nebhizinisi. Wonke umuntu usalokhu egxile ekulweni nobhubhane. Ngoba ukunikezwa, ukukhiqizwa, ukuhanjiswa kwempahla, kanye nemakethe yebhizinisi kuhlobene kakhulu nomkhuba wobhubhane, ubhadane luyalawulwa, futhi izimboni ezahlukahlukene zizoqhubeka nokululama.
Ama-85% ama-SME awakwazi ukuhlala izinyanga ezintathu?
Umqedazwe omusha we-coronavirus uthinta kakhulu noma ushintsha isiphetho sezinkampani eziningi. Endabeni yokwehla okungazelelwe kwemali engenayo yokusebenza noma ngisho nemali engenayo engemihle, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ibhizinisi alikwazi ukuqala ukusebenza okujwayelekile, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kufanele liqhubeke nokuthwala izindleko zomholo wabasebenzi, irenti yokukhiqiza, kanye nenzalo yemalimboleko. Kulezo zinkampani ezinkulu ezinamandla amakhulu, ukuvalwa kwezinyanga ezimbili noma ezintathu okubangelwe yilo bhubhane kungalimaza uboya kuphela, kepha kumabhizinisi amancane naphakathi nendawo, kungukulimaza amathambo ukusindisa izimpilo.
UZhu Wuxiang, uSolwazi Wezezimali, Isikole Sezomnotho Nezokuphatha, iTsinghua University, uWei Wei, uSolwazi Wezokuphatha, iPeking University HSBC Business School, noLiu Jun, Umphathi Jikelele weBeijing Small and Micro Enterprise Comprehensive Financial Services Co, Ltd. ngokuhlanganyela kutheleleke amabhizinisi ama-995 amancane naphakathi nendawo nge-coronavirus entsha kaWuhan Ucwaningo lwemibuzo ngomthelela wesifo esiwumshayabhuqe wenyumoniya nezikhalazo lubonise ukuthi ama-85% ama-SME awanakekelwa izinyanga ezintathu.
Izilinganiso zemali ezingama-995 ama-SME zingagcina isikhathi sokusinda kwamabhizinisi (kusuka: I-China Europe Business Review)
Okokuqala, ama-85.01% ebhalansi ye-akhawunti yenkampani ingagcinwa kuphela izinyanga ezintathu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-34% amabhizinisi angagcina inyanga eyodwa kuphela, ama-33.1% wamabhizinisi angagcina izinyanga ezimbili, kanti yi-9.96% kuphela engagcina izinyanga ezingaphezu kwezingu-6.
Lokho kusho ukuthi, uma ubhadane luthatha isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezintathu, imali engaphezu kuka-80% kuma-akhawunti ama-SME ayinakugcinwa!
Okwesibili, ama-29.58% ezinkampani alindele ukuthi ubhadane lubangele ukwehla kwemali engenayo yokusebenza engaphezu kuka-50% unyaka wonke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, u-28.47% wamabhizinisi kulindeleke ukuthi wehle ngo-20% -50%, kanti u-17% wamabhizinisi kulindeleke ukuthi wehle ngo-10% -20%. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani lamabhizinisi angalindelekile liyi-20.93%.
Umthombo: China Europe Business Review
Ngamanye amagama, ama-SME, abhekele ngaphezu kwe-50% yemali ephelele, kulindeleke ukuthi yehle ngaphezu kwama-20% unyaka wonke!
Okwesithathu, ama-62.78% amabhizinisi athi ingcindezi enkulu yokusetshenziswa kwemali "yimiholo yabasebenzi nemishwalense emihlanu nempesheni eyodwa", kanti "intela" kanye "nokubuyiselwa kwemali mboleko" kube ngu-13.68% no-13.98%, ngokulandelana.
Umthombo: China Europe Business Review
Kalula nje, akunandaba ngamabhizinisi adinga abasebenzi abaningi noma enza imali enkulu, “isinxephezelo sabasebenzi” ingcindezi enkulu.
Okwesine, lapho kunengcindezi yokushoda kwemali, ama-21.23% amabhizinisi azofuna "ukubolekwa imali", kuthi u-16.2% wamabhizinisi azothatha izinyathelo "zokumisa ukukhiqizwa nokuvalwa" Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-22.43% wamabhizinisi azocija ummese kubasebenzi, futhi basebenzise indlela "yokunciphisa abasebenzi nokunciphisa iholo".
Umphumela uba ukuthi izinkampani zizodiliza abasebenzi zifihle noma zisebenzise izikweletu zazo!
Umthelela webhizinisi
Izinkampani ezimbili zokukhanyisa zaseMelika zikhiphe isitatimende ngomthelela walolu bhubhane
ICooper Lighting Solutions ithe ukuze kuvinjelwe futhi kulawulwe lesi sifo, uhulumeni waseChina umise ukuhamba ngomoya, imigwaqo kanye nojantshi bezungeza iWuhan futhi wabeka nemingcele ekuhambeni nakwezinye izinto ezweni lonke.
Ngenxa yokuvinjelwa kokuhamba nokusetshenziswa kwezinto okubekwe nguhulumeni wase-China, abathengisi bemikhiqizo bakwa-Cooper Lighting bandise amaholidi kaNyaka Omusha WamaShayina ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwabasebenzi. Ngakho-ke, ukusebenza okubambezelekile kuzodala ukuthi ukuphazamiseka kokuphakelwa kwemikhiqizo ethile yenkampani kuphazamiseke emasontweni ambalwa ezayo. Ngakho-ke, ukulethwa komkhiqizo kungabambezeleka ukwenza isikhathi esichithekile.
Inkampani isebenza ngokuzikhandla nomhlinzeki ngamunye ukubeka phambili izinhlelo zokukhiqiza nokubuyiselwa kwabasebenzi ukuqinisekisa ukusekelwa okuhle kakhulu kwamakhasimende. Ngasikhathi sinye, inkampani izophatha ngenkuthalo noma yimiphi imigqa yomkhiqizo ethintekile iphinde inikeze eminye imikhiqizo lapho kungenzeka khona.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkampani isebenza ngokubambisana nabahlinzeki abakhulu nabalingani futhi izosebenzisa izinto nezinto ezitholwa endaweni ukukhulisa amandla ezindawo zokukhiqiza zaseNyakatho Melika.
USatco uthe le nkampani isebenza nethimba labaphathi bale femu ukwenza uhlelo lokubuyisela izinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu ekukhiqizeni futhi zibanike kuqala. Yize izinga lezimpahla zeSatco liphezulu, kulindeleke ukuthi libe nomthelela othize ekuhlinzekweni kwezimpahla ezinqolobaneni eziningi zasekhaya. ISatco izosebenza ngokushesha futhi izothatha zonke izinyathelo ezifanele ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amazinga ejwayelekile ezimpahla ezisetshenziswayo ayabuyiselwa ngokushesha phakathi nalokhu kucisha nokuthi izidingo zamakhasimende ziyakhuliswa.
ISatco inethemba lokuxazulula le nkinga ngokushesha nangokomzimba. Inkampani izoqhubeka nokubheka lesi simo futhi izohlinzeka ngolwazi olusha njengoba isimo siqhubeka. (Umthombo: I-LEDinside)
Izabelo zikaZhao Chi: ubhadane lunomthelela othile enkampanini esikhathini esifushane, kepha umthelela awumkhulu
UZhao Chi uthe sekukonke, ubhadane alunamphumela omncane enkampanini. Inani eliphelele labasebenzi benkampani lingaphezu kuka-10 000, okukhona kubo abasebenzi baseHubei abangaphansi kuka-4%, kuthi abakwaHubei abasemkhakheni we-LED balinganiselwa ku-2%. Ngokombono wabasebenzi, umthelela enkampanini mncane kakhulu; Ngokuvamile, kuyisikhathi sokuphuma kwesizini. Iholide lenkampani lasekuqaleni loMkhosi Wamasonto amasonto amabili. Uma kuqhathaniswa neminyaka edlule, umthelela wobhubhane ukwandisa iholidi ngesonto elilodwa, futhi umthelela esikhathini ulinganiselwe. Iketango lezimboni ze-LED ligxile kakhulu kulo uqobo, futhi ukuqala kabusha komsebenzi ezintweni zokwakha kubambezelekile, okuzoba nomthelela othile esikhathini esifushane. Ngikholwa ukuthi kuzoba nentuthuko enkulu ekuthengisweni kwempahla ekupheleni kukaFebhuwari.
Izibalo zeMaida: Amafektri aseMalaysia awazange athintwe yilo bhubhane
Kuze kube manje, zonke izinkampani ezixhaswayo zasekhaya zeMaida Digital ziqale kabusha umsebenzi ngokuya ngezidingo zohulumeni basekhaya kungekudala. Inkampani ithenge izimaski zokuzivikela ezanele, ama-thermometer, amanzi okubulala amagciwane nezinye izinto zokuzivikela kusengaphambili, kanye nezakhiwo zehhovisi ngaphambi kokuqala kokwakha Yenza ukubulala amagciwane ngokuphelele ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okujwayelekile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izibalo zeMaida zikhombisile ukuthi ingxenye yamandla okukhiqiza idluliselwe esitshalweni saseMalaysian, esisetshenziswe ngokusemthethweni e2019 futhi ukukhiqizwa okukhulu sekuqalile. Le ngxenye yamandla okukhiqiza okwamanje ayithinteki ngokuqubuka.
IChangfang Group: Ubhadane lunomthelela othile ekusebenzeni kwenkampani
IChangfang Group iveze ukuthi ubhadane lunomthelela othile ekusebenzeni kwenkampani. Ngokuqondile, ngenxa yokubambezeleka kokusebenza kabusha nokuvinjelwa kokuphathwa kwempahla eluhlaza, kuzothinta ukukhiqizwa, okuholele ekubambezelweni kokulethwa kwama-oda ngokufanele. Ngemuva kokuqala kabusha komsebenzi, inkampani izohlela abasebenzi ukuthi basebenze isikhathi esengeziwe futhi basisebenzise ngokugcwele. Umthamo wokukhiqiza ukwenzela ukulahlekelwa ngangokunokwenzeka.
Bathi
Kusukela ku-substrate engenhla, i-chip eya esigabeni sokupakisha esezansi, inani labakhiqizi be-LED ezindaweni ezingumqedazwe zaseWuhan naseHubei lilinganiselwe, futhi kuphela abakhiqizi abambalwa abathintekayo; Amafektri e-LED akwezinye izifunda zaseChina anqunyelwe ukuqhubeka kancane kokuqalisa kabusha kwabasebenzi futhi angeke atholakale esikhathini esifushane. Ukukhiqizwa okugcwele.
Sekukonke, imboni ye-LED ibisetshenziswa ngokweqile kusukela ngo-2019, futhi kusenamasheya atholakalayo athengiswayo, ngakho-ke umthelela wesikhashana awumkhulu, futhi isikhathi esiphakathi nesikhathi eside sincike esimweni sokuqalisa kabusha. Phakathi kwazo, iketango lezimboni zokupakisha ze-LED lisatshalaliswa ikakhulukazi esifundazweni saseGuangdong naseSifundazweni saseJiangxi. Yize kungesona isikhungo salo bhubhane, ngenxa yesidingo esikhulu sabasebenzi kanye neningi labasebenzi abavela kubantu bokufika kulo lonke elaseChina, ukuntuleka komsebenzi maphakathi nesikhathi kuya esikhathini eside Uma kungaxazululwa, umthelela uzoba mkhulu kakhulu .
Ngokuqondene nohlangothi lokufunwa, izinkampani ezahlukahlukene seziqale ukudonsa izimpahla kusengaphambili futhi zikhuphule izinga lezimpahla, ngaleyo ndlela zenyusa igagasi lokufunwa kwesitoko; isixhumanisi ngasinye somkhiqizo sizonquma ukuthi sizophendula yini ekukhuleni kwentengo ngokuya ngesimo sazo sokunikezela.
———— Isikhungo sokucwaninga ngemakethe yomhlaba, iJibang Consulting kanye neTuoyan Industrial Research Institute yaso
Ngaphandle komthelela walobhadane, imboni yokukhanyisa isalindelekile ngokuzayo
Ngo-2020, imboni yokukhanyisa inesiqalo esinzima.
Uma kuthiwa ezinye izimboni ezithintekile yilo bhubhane zibhekene nentuthuko enkulu ebusika, khona-ke ubusika obunzima bemboni yokukhanyisa babusuka ngoDisemba nyakenye. Isikhathi sesifikile sokwaziswa ngezinkinga “zephrojekthi yokusebenza kwezepolitiki” kanye ne "face project" (ngemuva kwalokhu ezobizwa nge- “Isaziso”), futhi ukufika okulandelayo komqedazwe omusha womqhele ngokungangabazeki kubi kakhulu.
Umthelela oqondile walolu bhubhane embonini yokukhanyisa ufaka phakathi: ukubambezeleka kokuqaliswa kabusha komsebenzi ezinkampanini eziningi, awekho amaphrojekthi amasha ngamayunithi wokuklama, ukuthengiswa okuhamba kancane kwemikhiqizo, amaphrojekthi wokwakha amile ngokuyisisekelo, nemibukiso ehlobene nayo ibambezelekile…
Okokwakhiwa, ukukhiqizwa komkhiqizo kanye nobunjiniyela embonini yokukhanyisa, ngokusho kwedatha yocwaningo eshicilelwe ku-inthanethi, izinkampani ezithintekile yilo bhubhane zibalwa ngama-52.87%, izinkampani ezijwayelekile zenze i-29.51%, kanti izinkampani ezincane yi-15.16%, kuphela i-2.46 % yezinkampani zithe ngeke zithinteke kulo bhubhane.
Umbhali ukholelwa ukuthi isizathu salesi simo sinje:
(1) Ukusebenza kwemboni yokukhanyisa kuswela ukwesekwa kwesidingo semakethe
Ekuqaleni konyaka omusha ngo-2020, isimo esishaqisayo somqedazwe sabangela ukwehla okukhulu kwesidingo semakethe semboni yokukhanyisa. Ukusebenza komkhakha wokukhanyisa wonkana bekuntula ukwesekwa kwesidingo semakethe. Lokhu kungumthelela omkhulu nobalulekile wobhubhane embonini yokukhanyisa. Imininingwane yocwaningo ikhombisa ukuthi inani lamabhulokhi wokumaketha abhekene namabhizinisi njengamanje selifinyelele kuma-60.25%.
(2) Akukho kudlalwa kumlingiswa oyinhloko, indima yokusekela ingaba kanjani esiteji?
"Isaziso" esakhishwa yiCentral Committee ngoDisemba nyakenye sifana nokuzamazama komhlaba okukhulu embonini yokukhanyisa. Ngemuva kwalokhu, izinkampani eziningi zokukhanyisa zibeke umbono wazo embonini yezokuvakasha yamasiko kanye namalambu okuhumusha, ngethemba lokuthi bazobambisana nomkhakha wezokuvakasha wezamasiko ukwenza nokwenza izinto ezintsha emikhawulweni ekukhanyeni komhlaba ongaphandle. Lokhu ngokungangabazeki kuyindlela eyiyo yokuthuthukiswa komkhakha wokukhanyisa. Kodwa-ke, ngenkathi izwe lonke lilungiselela ukukhula kwenani lokusetshenziswa ngesikhathi soMkhosi Wentwasahlobo, ubhadane lomqhele olusha olungazelelwe lwamangala imboni yezokuvakasha yaseChina.
Ngokwedatha efanelekile: Ngokwenani lemali engenayo yomkhakha wezokuvakasha waseChina wama-6.5 trillion yuan ngo-2019, ukumiswa kwemboni usuku olulodwa ukulahlekelwa yuan billion 17.8. Emkhakheni wezamasiko nezokuvakasha, kufana nokuthi “udaka bodhisattva alukwazi ukuzivikela ekuweleni umfula”. Kungashayela kuphi "umfowethu omncane" wemboni yokukhanyisa? Ukuze umkhakha wokukhanyisa, ukuthembela embonini yezokuvakasha yamasiko ukuthuthukisa imboni yokukhanyisa kuyindlela ebalulekile, kepha "akukho okusalayo, iMao izonamathiselwa"?
(3) Amanye amathonya
Emakethe yebhizinisi yamabhizinisi athumela imikhiqizo yokukhanyisa kanye nezinkampani zokukhanyisa zasendlini, kubuye kube yinkomba yebhizinisi izinkampani eziningi ezinethemba ngayo futhi eziyilandelayo ngemuva kwesaziso sikaHulumeni Omkhulu. Njengamanje, ngenxa yezimo eziwubhadane nezimpi zezohwebo, ukukhiqizwa nokusebenza kwamuva kwala mabhizinisi nakho kuthinteke kakhulu.
Izwe lami lingumthumeli omkhulu kunabo bonke emhlabeni wemikhiqizo yokukhanyisa yama-semiconductor. Ngemuva kokuthi i-WHO imemezele ukuthi lolu bhubhane lwe-pneumonia eChina lwakha "umcimbi ophazamisekile wezempilo womphakathi okhathaza umhlaba wonke", umthelela oqondile ekuthekelweni kwezinkampani zemikhiqizo yokukhanyisa uyabonakala. Izinkampani eziningi embonini yokukhanyisa azigcinanga nje ngokuphazamisa izinhlelo zazo zonyaka ngenxa yokuzihlukanisa nokubambezeleka kokuqala umsebenzi ngenxa yalolu bhubhane, kodwa futhi zibhekane nenkinga yokungabi nengeniso yokusebenza nokuthwala izindleko ezahlukahlukene. Amanye ama-SME nawo abhekene nephuzu lokuphila nokufa. Umbono awunalo ithemba.
———— Ngokwe-athikili efanele ye-akhawunti yomphakathi ye-WeChat "City Light Network", uXiong Zhiqiang, umqondisi weShandong Tsinghua Kangli Urban Lighting Research and Design Institute uveze ukuthi yize umthelela walolu bhubhane mkhulu, imboni yokukhanyisa kusengalindelwa ngokuzayo
Izibani zezempilo zizofika kusenesikhathi
Ngaphambi kobhadane, ukukhanyisa kwezempilo kungafika ngokushesha. Kuqala kuphi lokhu kukhanya kwezempilo? Kufanele iqale ngesibani sokuvala inzalo. Vele, uhla lokukhanyisa kwezempilo lubanzi kakhulu, kufaka phakathi ukukhanya kwezokwelapha. Ngicabanga ukuthi lesi sidingo singadingeka nje.
Vele, ukukhanya kwezempilo kufaka phakathi ukukhanyisela okuqondiswe kubantu. Lokhu kufudumele. Ukukhanyisa kuyadingeka futhi ukuhlinzeka ngempilo engcono, kepha ukukhanyisa inzalo kungaba yisinyathelo phambili. Ngoba ekugcineni, kuyadingeka futhi ukuqinisekisa impilo. Akusizi ngalutho ukujabulela impilo ngaphandle kokuphila, ngakho-ke inkathi yokukhanyisa kwezempilo izofika kusengaphambili. Ngicabanga ukuthi wonke umuntu kufanele abe nokulungiselela okugcwele.
Njengamanje, kunezindawo eziningi ezishisayo ongazinaka. Indawo eshisayo enkulu kunazo zonke, isibani se-UV esibulala amagciwane siyithuba lethu sonke. Lesi sibani sokubulala amagciwane sidinga ukuhlangana ngezandla nefektri yokupakisha, imboni ye-chip, njll., Wonke umuntu kufanele anake. Kodwa lesi sibani sivela ngaluphi uhlobo, noma ngabe ilambu le-bulb noma ilayini, noma yisiphi esinye isitayela sesibani, sisetshenziswa kuphi, noma ngabe sisetshenziswa kwikhabethe lezicathulo, sisetshenziswa ekhishini noma endlini yangasese, noma sisetshenziswa ikhabethe. Ngicabanga ukuthi lena yimakethe engapheli. Ngaphezu kwamakhaya, kufanele kusetshenziswe nezindawo zomphakathi, kufaka phakathi iziteshi ezingaphansi komhlaba, izibhedlela, izikole nezinye izindawo zomphakathi. Ngicabanga ukuthi lokhu kungaphuthuma kunokusebenzisa izibani ekilasini. Ama-chips we-UV namashubhu kufanele angatholakali. Ngemuva kokukhishwa kwale mali, ngicabanga ukuthi imakethe enhle kakhulu, hhayi eyasekhaya kuphela kepha neyamazwe omhlaba. Kuyafaneleka ukuthi wonke umuntu axoxe, yiqiniso, inkampani ngayinye inendlela yayo, ungenza okusha okuncane.
UTang Guoqing, Iphini likaSihlalo weNational Semiconductor Lighting Engineering R & D ne-Industry Alliance noMqondisi weSemi-Special Committee yeChina Lighting Society
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-07-2020