I-MicroLED, ekholelwa abaningi ukuthi iyisizukulwane esilandelayo sobuchwepheshe bokubonisa, ilandelwe abadlali be-LED, isibonisi, i-OEM, izinto zokwakha nokunye. Ihlukanisiwe ku-LCD ne-OLED, i-microLED ithathwa njengokuphela kobuchwepheshe bokubonisa obungenawo umkhawulo kasayizi. Yiziphi izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingaba khona? Ayini ama-hypes namaqiniso? Lena imibuzo okukhulunywa ngayo embikweni omusha we-IDTechEx, “ Izibonisi ze-Micro-LED 2020-2030: Ubuchwepheshe, Ukuhweba, Ithuba, Imakethe Nabadlali”.
Izisusa Ezihlukahlukene Ziqhuba Inqubekelaphambili Yezibonisi ze-MicroLED
I-Samsung Display isimemezele ukuthi iyaliqeda ibhizinisi le-LCD futhi izogxila emabhizinisini ayo e-QD LCD ne-OLED. I-LG Display imise ukukhiqizwa kwayo kwasekhaya kwamaphaneli e-LCD. Abathengisi baseKorea bavame ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwamaphaneli e-LCD futhi bashintshele ku-QLED & OLED. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iPanasonic ne-JDI nabo bayaphuma ebhizinisini le-LCD. I-AUO, i-Innolux nezinye izinkampani ezimbalwa zase-Taiwan zehlisa ukutshalwa kwezimali ku-LCD noma i-OLED. Njengesiqhathaniso, ukukhiqizwa kwe-LCD sekushintshela ezweni laseChina ngenxa yekhono lezindleko, ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa komugqa omusha kanye nokwesekwa kochungechunge lwemboni.
Endaweni ye-OLED, ukukhiqizwa kwephaneli ye-OLED kubuswa izinkampani zaseKorea mayelana namandla okukhiqiza asebenzayo, izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezikhuphukayo kanye nemishini, ukusetshenziswa komfula ongezansi, kanye nokuphelela kwe-supply chain. Isibonelo, i-SDC ne-LGD zisekele izinkampani zezinto ezibonakalayo nezisetshenziswa phezulu, zakha ama-ecosystem amahle. Ezinhlelweni ezifika ezansi nomfula, amaphaneli e-OLED amancane/usayizi ophakathi we-Samsung aqale anikezwe amafoni ahlakaniphile akwa-Samsung, kuyilapho amaphaneli amakhulu e-LGD e-OLED enikezwa kuqala ama-LG TV. Imikhiqizo yabo nayo inganikeza ukwesekwa okwanele kanye nempendulo. AbakwaSamsung kanye ne-LG babusa amaphaneli e-OLED amancane/amaphakathi namasayizi amakhulu, ngokulandelana.
Mayelana nezinto ezisetshenziswayo eziwumgogodla okhuphuka nomfula, iJapan neJalimane zinamandla kakhulu. Izinzuzo zabo zingasetshenziswa ku-LCD noma ku-OLED kuphela, kodwa nakwezinye izinhlobo zokubonisa ezingaba khona ezintsha.
Ngalesi sizinda, ukuzibandakanya kubuchwepheshe obusha bokuboniswa kungaletha amathuba amasha kubadlali abafanelekile, njengoba ubuchwepheshe obusha bokubonisa bungaphula amaqoqo esifunda amanje kanye nezinzuzo, kwakhe uhlaka lwemboni entsha.
Lesi ngesinye sezizathu ezibalulekile zokuthi kungani izibonisi ze-microLED zihehe isithakazelo esikhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izibonisi ze-MicroLED ziletha iziphakamiso zenani ezifana ne-gamut yombala obanzi, ukukhanya okuphezulu, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi, ukuzinza okuhle kakhulu nokuphila isikhathi eside, i-engeli yokubuka okubanzi, ububanzi obuguquguqukayo obuphezulu, ukugqama okuphezulu, izinga lokuvuselela okusheshayo, ukukhanya, uxhumano olungenamthungo, nokuhlanganiswa kwezinzwa. amandla, njll. Ezinye zeziphakamiso zevelu zinganikezwa ngokuhlukile njenge-LCD, i-OLED ne-QD, kuyilapho i-microLED ineziphakamiso zayo zenani ezihlukile ezilandelwa abaningi.
Iziphakamiso zevelu zobuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene bokuboniswa. Umthombo: IDTechEx
Omunye umshayeli ukwanda kwenani labadlali abalandela imboni ye-microLED. I-MicroLED ingase ingabi ukugxila kwayo okukhulu okwamanje, kodwa bahlala beyilandelela eduze, uma kwenzeka i-microLED isuka ngempela, ingabamba ngokushesha, esikhundleni sokushiywa ngemuva.
Ukwandisa Imisebenzi Ngokugxila Kwentuthuko Eshintshiwe
Inani elikhulayo lemisebenzi evela kubahlinzeki bokuboniswa lingabonwa emalini eqoqiwe enkulu engu-~$5 webhiliyoni, inani elikhulayo lokufakwa kwelungelo lobunikazi, kanye nama-prototypes/imikhiqizo elethwa abathengisi be-microLED. Singabona amagama afana ne-AUO, PlayNitride, RiTdisplay, Samsung, LG, Sony, TCL, Tianma, Konka, Glo, Plessey, JBD, X-Display, VueReal, CSOT, Sharp, Kyocera, njll.
Kodwa-ke, ama-prototypes okufakazela ukulungela ubuchwepheshe/isayensi ngokukhiqizwa kwesikali selebhu/indwangu ahluke kakhulu emikhiqizweni yokuthengisa ekhiqizwa ngobuningi. Lokhu kwakamuva kudinga amaphutha ayiziro emikhiqizweni yabathengi. Nakuba isayensi ifakazelwe lapho, okuyinselele enkulu izinkinga zobunjiniyela nezokukhiqiza. Isibonelo, ama-LED avamile angafinyelela ekusebenzeni kahle kwe-quantum yangaphandle (EQEs) ukuya ku-~70%, kuyilapho ama-microLED amancane angaphansi kuka-10 µm angase azabalaze ukufinyelela u-20%. Ama-LED abomvu ayinselele ikakhulukazi ngama-EQE aphansi kanye nezici eziphukayo. Ama-microLED amancane anendawo enkulu engaphezulu, engaholela ekushiyekeni okwengeziwe phakathi nenqubo yokwenziwa. Ngakho-ke, ukuxazulula izinselele zobunjiniyela/zokukhiqiza kubalulekile, okufaka usayizi we-die miniaturization kuyilapho kugcinwa ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, ukuklama kwe-chip kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamasu okukhiqiza ama-chip. Ezinye izinkinga zihlanganisa isivuno sokudlulisa ngobuningi, ukulungisa amaphutha, ukuhlola, ukufana, ukuguqulwa kombala, njll.
Ukuze wenze isibonisi se-microLED, kuhileleke ubuchwepheshe obuningi nezinqubo, njenge-epitaxy, i-photolithography, ukwenziwa kwe-chip, ukususwa kwe-substrate, ukuhlolwa, ukudluliswa kwenqwaba, ukuhlanganisa nokuxhumanisa, ukuhlola, ukulungisa, i-backplane kanye nedrayivu IC, njll. Ngemva kweminyaka yokuthuthukiswa, ezinye izinkinga zobuchwepheshe sezixazululiwe, kuyilapho izinselele ezintsha zibekwe phambi kwethu. Isibonelo, eminyakeni embalwa edlule, imizamo emikhulu yayigxile ekusetshenzisweni kwe-die miniaturization, ukwakhiwa kwe-chip kanye nokudluliselwa kwabantu abaningi, njll. Muva nje, abadlali abaningi bayaqaphela ukuthi ukuqonda okuphelele kwazo zonke izinqubo kubalulekile. Ngakho-ke, inani elandayo labantu libeka imizamo eyengeziwe nakubuchwepheshe obunjengokuhlola, ukulungisa, ukushayela, ukuthuthukiswa kwesithombe, ukuphathwa kokukhanya, kanye nemishini yokukhiqiza ivolumu ephezulu.
Ukushintsha Kabusha Ngaphansi Kwe-COVID-19
Enye yezingxoxo ezinkulu ezenzeka emhlabeni manje i-COVID-19. Njengoba amazwe amaningi ane-COVID-19 elawulwa, umbuzo akuyona nje impilo yomphakathi, kodwa futhi nemiphumela yesikhathi eside esiphonsa kithi kwezenhlalo, ezomnotho, nezepolitiki.
Kubandakanya izimboni eziningi ezikhona nezimboni ezintsha, izibonisi ze-micoLED zingalolonga i-LED ekhona futhi ibonise uchungechunge lokunikezela, okuholela entsha ende neyinkimbinkimbi. Izindlela zobuchwepheshe obusha kanye nemikhiqizo emisha ingahlinzeka ngamathuba amasha kubadlali, njengemboni ye-CMOS ingaba sesikhundleni sochungechunge lokunikezela ngesibonisi esincane esisekelwe ku-microLED.
Njengoba unolwazi nge-COVID-19, umnotho womhlaba wonke kanye nokwakhiwa kwe-supply chain kungase kube nomthelela.
Imibono nge-COVID-19 ngoFebhuwari nangemva kwalokho ihluke kakhulu. NgoFebhuwari, isimo se-COVID-19 sasibi kakhulu eChina. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlaziya okuningi kugxile ekuphepheni kwe-supply chain. Ubungozi kuxoxiwe ngaso izikhathi eziningi ukuze kuqhubeke ukuthembela kumaketanga okunikezwa kwezimboni emhlabeni wonke eChina. Kusukela ngoMashi, ubhubhane lomhlaba wonke lwenze abantu babuka bebuka kabanzi. Okokuqala, ukukhula komnotho womhlaba kwehliswe kakhulu emhlabeni wonke futhi izinga lokuntuleka kwemisebenzi linyukile, ngisho nokusekelwa uhulumeni kwamanye amazwe. Okwesibili, imboni yabathengi ithinteke kakhulu. Ukuthengwa kwemikhiqizo engadingeki kangako kuzoncishiswa kokubili kubathengi namayunithi ebhizinisi. Okwesithathu, izimakethe zezimali zibe nomthelela. Okulandelayo, kodwa okungenani, umthelela ochungechungeni lokuhlinzekwa kwempahla emhlabeni wonke uzohlala, kokubili okwamanje nasesikhathini esizayo.
Kwamukelwe abaningi ukuthi ubhubhane lomhlaba wonke lwe-COVID-19 luzokwenza ubudlelwano be-US-China bushube kakhulu. Futhi, ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke kuyehla ngemingcele evaliwe, imikhawulo yokuhamba, izimo zokuthekelisa kanye namaketanga okunikezela akhubazekile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-IDTechEx izwile ezinkampanini ezincane ezimbalwa ukuthi zikhethe ngamabomu ukusebenzisana nezinkampani okungenzeka ukuthi zingathinteki empini yezohwebo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, nakuba ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke kusewumkhuba ojwayelekile, amaqoqo esifunda angase adlale indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwe-supply chain kunenethiwekhi yomhlaba wonke esikhathini esizayo. 
Demand and supply of MicroLED displays. Source: IDTechEx
Izimakethe Zokusebenza Zezibonisi ze-MicroLED
Isidingo sezibonisi ze-microLED singahlaziywa ezicini ezimbili:
• Ukushintshwa kwemakethe yesibonisi ekhona
• Ukudala imakethe yesibonisi entsha.
Kokuqala, izicelo ezi-8 eziboniswe ngezansi yizona ezisingathwa kakhulu. Okungokoqobo okuthuthukisiwe/okuxutshiwe (i-AR/MR), okwangempela okubonakalayo (VR), izibonisi ezinkulu zevidiyo, ama-TV namamonitha, izibonisi zezimoto, omakhalekhukhwini, amawashi ahlakaniphile nezinto ezigqokwayo, amaphilisi namakhompyutha aphathekayo.
Ukushintshwa kwezimakethe zezicelo ezikhona
Isibonelo, izibonisi ze-LCD, eziphethe imakethe yesibonisi yamanje, zisetshenziswa cishe kuzo zonke izibonisi ezingaphansi kuka-65″. Ama-LCD anomkhawulo wawo wangaphakathi wokuhamba ngosayizi omkhulu. I-OLED ithatha isabelo semakethe esandayo ikakhulukazi kuzibonisi zefoni ehlakaniphile. Ama-QD-LCDs adayiswa njengama-TV aphambili futhi amukelwa inani elikhulayo labathengi. Izibonisi ze-LED sezivele zisetshenziswa kuzibonisi ezinkulu zomphakathi. Ukuze uqhudelane nazo, i-microLED kufanele ihlonze iziphakamiso zenani elihlukile noma inhlanganisela yesiphakamiso senani ukuze inikeze izinzuzo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lokho okunganikezwa kulesi sigaba kubeka umngcele. Isibonelo, ukuze kuqhudelane izindleko, ama-microLED kufanele enziwe abe osayizi abancane. Kodwa-ke, ama-microLED amancane asebenza kahle kakhulu uma eqhathaniswa nama-LED avamile asetshenziselwa ukukhanyisa kwesimo esiqinile. Ama-microLED asebenza kahle kancane angase angakwazi ukunikeza isiphakamiso senani “ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi” ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezidinga ama-LED amancane nokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi.
Mayelana nezindleko, izindleko zendiza yangaphambili yesibonisi esijwayelekile se-microLED zincike enanini lama-LED, esikhundleni sendawo, ehlukile ku-OLED ne-LCD. Yingakho ukwenza i-smart phone enesinqumo esifanayo se-TV kungase kuphumele ekuqageleni kwezindleko ezifanayo, kunokuba nemiyalo yokulindela okuphansi kobukhulu.
Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqonda izindlela zobuchwepheshe ezihlukene ngemuva kwesicelo ngasinye nokuthola ukuhlolwa okucacile okungenzeka kanye namathuba abo.
Ukudala imakethe yesibonisi entsha kudinga izici ezingeke zivunyelwe ngezinye izindlela. Izibonelo ezijwayelekile zifaka phakathi izibonisi ezinomumo owenziwe ngendlela oyifisayo nezibonisi ezinokuhlanganiswa kwezinzwa. Izibonisi ezintsha ezivelayo zinweba umcabango wethu ngaphezu kwezibonisi ezikhona futhi zisiza ukufika emhlabeni ngezibonisi ezitholakala yonke indawo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-22-2021