I-Abstract: Ubhubhane we-coronavirus omtsha uchaphazela kakhulu okanye utshintsha ikamva leenkampani ezininzi. Kwimeko yokwehla ngequbuliso kwingeniso yokusebenza okanye kwimivuzo emibi, kwelinye icala, ishishini alinakuqala ukusebenza ngesiqhelo, kwelinye icala, kufuneka liqhubeke nokuthwala iindleko zomvuzo womqeshwa, irente yemveliso, kunye nenzala yemali mboleko. Kwiinkampani ezinkulu ezinamandla anamandla, iinyanga ezimbini okanye ezintathu zokuvalwa okubangelwa ngulo bhubhane zinokwenzakalisa uboya kuphela, kodwa kumashishini amancinci naphakathi, kukwenzakalisa amathambo okusindisa ubomi.
Imeko yobhubhane yohlobo olutsha lwenyumoniya iyaqhubeka. Leliphi ifuthe ubhubhane we-coronavirus omtsha onawo kumashishini, ngakumbi iinkampani ze-LED?
Ngokokuhlalutya kwemithombo yoshishino efanelekileyo, i-LED kunye namanye amashishini aya kuchaphazeleka ngokungenakuphepheka phantsi kwefuthe lobhubhane. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ifuthe lobhubhane kwishishini le-LED liza kuncipha ngokuthe chu. Okwangoku, akukho lula ukwenza isigwebo kwindlela yentengiso ejongene neshishini. Wonke umntu usagxile ekulweni ubhubhane. Ngenxa yokuba unikezelo, imveliso, ulungiselelo, kunye nentengiso yeshishini zihambelana ngokusondeleyo nobhubhane, ubhubhane uyalawulwa, kwaye amashishini ahlukeneyo aya kuqhubeka nokubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo.
Ama-85% ee-SME awakwazi ukuhlala iinyanga ezi-3?
Ubhubhane omtsha we-coronavirus uyachaphazela kakhulu okanye utshintshe imeko yeenkampani ezininzi. Kwimeko yokwehla ngequbuliso kwingeniso yokusebenza okanye kwimivuzo emibi, kwelinye icala, ishishini alinakuqala ukusebenza ngesiqhelo, kwelinye icala, kufuneka liqhubeke nokuthwala iindleko zomvuzo womqeshwa, irente yemveliso, kunye nenzala yemali mboleko. Kwiinkampani ezinkulu ezinamandla anamandla, iinyanga ezimbini okanye ezintathu zokuvalwa okubangelwa ngulo bhubhane zinokwenzakalisa uboya kuphela, kodwa kumashishini amancinci naphakathi, kukwenzakalisa amathambo okusindisa ubomi.
UZhu Wuxiang, uNjingalwazi wezeziMali, iSikolo sezoQoqosho noLawulo, iYunivesithi yaseTsinghua, u-Wei Wei, uNjingalwazi woLawulo, iYunivesithi yase-Peking ye-HSBC Business School, kunye no-Liu Jun, uMphathi Jikelele we-Beijing encinci kunye ne-Micro Enterprise Comprehensive Financial Services Co, Ltd. ngokudibeneyo i-995 amashishini amancinci naphakathi aphakathi kunye ne-Wuhan's coronavirus entsha Uvavanyo lwemibuzo kwimpembelelo yesifo semiphunga kunye nezibheno kubonise ukuba i-85% yee-SME azinakugcinwa iinyanga ezintathu.
Iibhalansi ze-995 ze-SMEs ezinokugcina ixesha lokusinda kwamashishini (ukusuka: e-China e-Yurophu ngoPhononongo lweshishini)
Okokuqala, i-85.01% yemali eseleyo kwiakhawunti inokugcinwa kuphela kangangeenyanga ezintathu. Ukongeza, i-34% yamashishini inokugcina inyanga enye kuphela, i-33.1% yamashishini inokugcina iinyanga ezimbini, kwaye yi-9.96% kuphela enokugcina ngaphezulu kweenyanga ezi-6.
Oko kukuthi, ukuba ubhubhane uhlala ngaphezulu kweenyanga ezintathu, ngaphezulu kwe-80% yemali kwiiakhawunti zee-SMEs ayinakugcinwa!
Okwesibini, i-29.58% yeenkampani zilindele ukuba ubhubhane ubangele ukwehla kwengeniso yokusebenza engaphezulu kwama-50% unyaka wonke. Ukongeza, i-28.47% yamashishini kulindeleke ukuba yehle ngama-20% -50%, kwaye i-17% yamashishini kulindeleke ukuba yehle nge-10% -20%. Ukongeza, umyinge wamashishini angaqinisekanga yi-20.93%.
Umthombo: Uvavanyo lweShishini lwaseYurophu
Ngamanye amagama, ii-SME, ezenza ngaphezulu kwe-50% yengeniso iyonke, kulindeleke ukuba yehle ngaphezulu kwama-20% kunyaka wonke!
Okwesithathu, i-62.78% yamashishini ichaze uxinzelelo lwenkcitho ephambili "kumvuzo womqeshwa kunye neinshurensi ezintlanu kunye nomhlala-phantsi omnye", kwaye "irente" kunye "nentlawulo yemali mboleko" zibalwa nge-13.68% kunye ne-13.98% ngokwahlukeneyo.
Umthombo: Uvavanyo lweShishini lwaseYurophu
Ukubeka nje, nokuba kungamashishini anyanzelisa abasebenzi okanye anemali enkulu, "imbuyekezo yabasebenzi" lolona xinzelelo lukhulu.
Okwesine, xa ujongene noxinzelelo lokunqongophala kwemali, ama-21.23% amashishini azakufuna "iimali mboleko", kwaye i-16.2% yamashishini iyakuthatha amanyathelo "okumisa imveliso kwaye ivale" Ukongeza, i-22.43% yamashishini iya kulola imela kubasebenzi, kwaye basebenzise indlela "yokunciphisa abasebenzi kunye nokunciphisa umvuzo".
Isiphumo kukuba iinkampani ziya kuthi zibabeke emisebenzini abo bazifihle okanye basebenzise amatyala abo!
Impembelelo yeshishini
Iinkampani ezimbini zokukhanyisa e-US zikhuphe ingxelo malunga nefuthe lobhubhane
Isisombululo se-Cooper Lighting Solutions sathi ukuthintela nokulawula ubhubhane, urhulumente wase-China wamisa uhambo lomoya, lwendlela nololiwe ejikeleze iWuhan kwaye wabeka imiqobo kuhambo nakweminye imisebenzi kwilizwe liphela.
Ngenxa yokuvalwa kokuhamba kunye nolungiselelo olumiselwe ngurhulumente wase-China, abathengisi bemveliso yeCooper Lighting bandise iiholide zoNyaka oMtsha ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi. Ke ngoko, umsebenzi olibazisekileyo uza kubangela ukuba unikezelo lweemveliso ezithile zenkampani ziphazamiseke kwiiveki ezimbalwa ezizayo. Ke ngoko, ukuhanjiswa kwemveliso kunokulibaziseka ukwenza ixesha elichithwe.
Inkampani isebenza ngokuzimisela nomthengisi ngamnye ukubeka phambili izicwangciso zemveliso kunye nokubuya kwabasebenzi ukuqinisekisa eyona nkxaso ibalaseleyo kubathengi. Kwangelo xesha, inkampani iya kulawula ngenkuthalo nayiphi na imigca yemveliso echaphazelekayo kwaye ibonelele ngezinye iimveliso apho kunokwenzeka.
Ukongeza, inkampani isebenza ngokusondeleyo kunye nabathengisi abaphambili kunye namaqabane kwaye iya kusebenzisa izinto ezifumanekayo ekuhlaleni kunye nezinto zokuphucula amandla ezinto zokuvelisa zaseMntla Melika.
USatco uthe inkampani isebenza neqela lolawulo lomzi-mveliso ukuphuhlisa isicwangciso sokubuyisela izinto ezikumgangatho ophezulu kwimveliso kwaye zibanike kuqala. Nangona inqanaba lempahla leSatco liphezulu, kulindeleke ukuba libe nefuthe elithile kuthintelo lonikezelo kwizitora ezininzi zasekhaya. ISatco iza kusebenza ngokukhawuleza kwaye ithathe onke amanyathelo afanelekileyo okuqinisekisa ukuba amanqanaba esiqhelo e-inventri abuyiswa ngokukhawuleza ngeli xesha lokuphela kwaye iimfuno zabathengi zandiswa.
USatco unethemba lokusombulula le ngxaki ngokukhawuleza nangempilo. Inkampani iya kuqhubeka nokujonga le meko kwaye iya kubonelela ngolwazi olutsha njengoko imeko iqhubeka. (Umthombo: i-LEDinside)
Izabelo zikaZhao Chi: ubhubhane unefuthe elithile kwinkampani kwixesha elifutshane, kodwa ifuthe alikho likhulu
UZhao Chi uthe, ngokubanzi, ubhubhane unefuthe elincinci kwinkampani. Inani elipheleleyo labasebenzi benkampani lingaphezulu kwe-10,000, apho abasebenzi baseHubei benza i-akhawunti engaphantsi kwe-4%, kunye nabasebenzi baseHubei kwicandelo le-LED elimalunga ne-2%. Ngokombono wabasebenzi, ifuthe kwinkampani lincinci; Ngokubanzi, lixesha lokuphumla. Iholide yenkampani yoqobo yasekuqaleni ziiveki ezimbini. Xa kuthelekiswa neminyaka edlulileyo, ifuthe lobhubhane kukonyusa iholide ngeveki enye, kwaye ifuthe ngexesha lilinganiselwe. Umxokelelwane weshishini le-LED ujolise ikakhulu kuwo, kwaye ukuqala kwakhona kokusebenza kwemathiriyeli kulibazisekile, okuya kuba nefuthe elithile kwixesha elifutshane. Ndiyakholelwa ukuba kuyakubakho ukuphucuka okukhulu kwikhonkco lonikezelo ekupheleni kukaFebruwari.
Amanani eMaida: Iifektri zaseMalaysia azichaphazelekanga ngulo bhubhane
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, zonke iinkxaso-mali zasekhaya zeMaida Digital ziqale ukusebenza ngokuhambelana neemfuno zikarhulumente wasekhaya kungekudala. Inkampani ithenge iimaski ezikhuselekileyo ezaneleyo, iithemometha, amanzi okubulala iintsholongwane kunye nezinye izixhobo zokukhusela kwangaphambili, kunye neofisi ngaphambi kokuqala kolwakhiwo Yenza isibulali magciwane ngokucokisekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwesiqhelo.
Ukongeza, amanani kaMaida abonakalisile ukuba inxenye yamandla emveliso igqithiselwe kwisityalo saseMalaysian, esisetyenziswe ngokusemthethweni e2019 kwaye imveliso yobuninzi sele iqalile. Eli candelo lamandla emveliso alichaphazeleki kuqhambuko.
Iqela laseChangfang: Ubhubhane unefuthe elithile kwimisebenzi yenkampani
Iqela laseChangfang lathi ubhubhane unefuthe elithile kwimisebenzi yenkampani. Ngokukodwa, ngenxa yokulibaziseka kokuphinda kwenziwe umsebenzi kunye nokuthintelwa kwempahla ekrwada, iya kuchaphazela imveliso, ikhokelela kulibaziseko lokuhanjiswa kweeodolo ngokufanelekileyo. Emva kokuqalisa kwakhona komsebenzi, inkampani iya kuququzelela abasebenzi ukuba basebenze ixesha elongezelelekileyo kwaye balisebenzise ngokupheleleyo. Amandla emveliso ukuze abuyele kwilahleko kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Bathe
Ukusuka kwi-substrate ephezulu, i-chip ukuya kwicandelo lokupakisha elisezantsi, inani labenzi be-LED kwiindawo ezingubhubhane waseWuhan naseHubei lilinganiselwe, kwaye kuphela ngabavelisi abambalwa abachaphazelekayo; Iifektri ze-LED kweminye imimandla yaseTshayina zikhawulelwe yinkqubela phambili ecothayo yokuqalisa kwakhona kwabasebenzi kwaye ayinakufunyanwa kwixesha elifutshane. Imveliso epheleleyo.
Ngokubanzi, umzi-mveliso we-LED ubugqithisile ukusukela nge-2019, kwaye kusekho izitokhwe ezikhoyo ezithengiswayo, ke ifuthe lexesha elifutshane alikho likhulu, kwaye ixesha eliphakathi ukuya kwelide lixhomekeke kwimeko yokuphinda uqalise. Phakathi kwabo, i-LED ishishini ukupakisha chain isasazwa ikakhulu kwiPhondo Guangdong kunye kwiPhondo Jiangxi. Nangona ayililo iziko lobhubhane, ngenxa yemfuno enkulu yabasebenzi kunye noninzi lwabasebenzi abavela kubaphambukeli kulo lonke elase China, ukusweleka kwexesha eliphakathi ukuya kwixesha elide ukuba alusonjululwa, ifuthe liya kuba libi .
Ngokubhekisele kwicala leemfuno, iinkampani ezahlukeneyo ziye zaqala ukutsala iimpahla kwangaphambi kwexesha kwaye zonyusa inqanaba le-inventri, ngaloo ndlela zinyusa isandi semfuno yesitokhwe; Ikhonkco ngalinye lemveliso liza kuthatha isigqibo sokuba liphendule na kumaxabiso ngokusekwe kwimeko yokubonelela.
———— Iziko lophando lweemarike zehlabathi, iJibang Consulting kunye neZiko loPhando ngezoShishino laseTuoyan
Ngaphandle kwefuthe lobhubhane, imboni yokukhanyisa isalindelekile kwikamva
Ngo-2020, imboni yokukhanyisa inesiqalo esinzima.
Ukuba kuthiwa amanye amashishini achaphazeleka ngulo bhubhane afumana ukukhula okunzima ebusika, ngoko ke ubusika obukrakra beshishini lokukhanyisa babusekuqaleni kukaDisemba kunyaka ophelileyo. Ixesha lifikile lokwazisa ngemiba “yeprojekthi yokwenziwa kwezopolitiko” kunye nemiba “yobuso” (emva koku ebizwa ngokuba yi “Isaziso”), kwaye ukufika okulandelayo kwesifo sesithsaba esitsha ngokungathandabuzekiyo kubi kakhulu.
Impembelelo ethe ngqo yalo bhubhane kushishino lokukhanyisa lubandakanya: ukulibaziseka ekuqaliseni komsebenzi kwiinkampani ezininzi, akukho projekthi zintsha ziiyunithi zoyilo, ukuthengiswa kancinci kweemveliso, iiprojekthi zokwakha zimisiwe, kunye nemiboniso enxulumene nayo iye yalibaziseka…
Kuyilo, imveliso kunye nobunjineli beeyunithi zokwakha zeshishini lokukhanyisa, ngokweenkcukacha zophando ezipapashwe kwi-intanethi, iinkampani ezichaphazelekayo ngulo bhubhane zenza i-52.87%, iinkampani ngokubanzi zenza i-29.51%, kunye neenkampani ezincinci i-15.16%, kuphela i-2.46 Iipesenti zeenkampani zithe azizukuchaphazeleka ngulo bhubhane.
Umbhali ukholelwa ukuba isizathu sale meko ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
(1) Ukusebenza kweshishini lokukhanyisa liswele inkxaso yemfuno yentengiso
Ekuqaleni konyaka omtsha kwi-2020, imeko enkulu yobhubhane ibangele ukwehla okukhulu kwimfuno yentengiso kushishino lokukhanyisa. Ukusebenza kweshishini lokukhanyisa xa lilonke bekusilela kwinkxaso yemfuno zentengiso. Le yeyona mpembelelo inkulu nesisiseko kubhubhane kwishishini lokukhanyisa. Idatha yophando ibonisa ukuba inani lezithintelo zentengiso ezijamelene namashishini ngoku lifikelele kuma-60.25%.
(2) Akukho kudlalwa kumlinganiswa ophambili, inokuba njani indima yokuxhasa eqongeni?
"Isaziso" esikhutshwe yiKomiti ePhakathi ngeyoMnga kunyaka ophelileyo sifana nenyikima enkulu yemizi-mveliso yokukhanyisa. Emva koku, iinkampani ezininzi zokukhanyisa zibeke indawo yazo kwicandelo lokhenketho lwenkcubeko kunye nezibane zokutolika, ngethemba lokusebenzisana nomzi-mveliso wezokhenketho wenkcubeko ukwenza kunye nokuwela umda kwimida yokukhanya kwangaphandle. Ngokuqinisekileyo le yindlela echanekileyo yokuphuhliswa kweshishini lokukhanyisa. Nangona kunjalo, kanye njengokuba ilizwe liphela belilungiselela ukuphakama kokukhula kokusetyenziswa ngexesha loMnyhadala weNtwasahlobo, ubhubhane wesithsaba omtsha ngesiquphe wabamba ishishini lezokhenketho lase China.
Ngokwedatha efanelekileyo: Ngokwengeniso iyonke yeshishini lokhenketho lase-China le-6.5 yezigidigidi ze-yuan kwi-2019, indawo ekumise kuyo ishishini usuku olunye ilahleko ye-17.8 yezigidigidi ze-yuan. Kwimizi-mveliso yenkcubeko neyokhenketho, kufana “nodaka i-bodhisattva ayinakuzikhusela ekuweleni komlambo”. Ungayiqhuba phi "umzalwana omncinci" kwishishini lokukhanyisa? Kwishishini lokukhanyisa, ukuthembela kwicandelo lezokhenketho lenkcubeko ukuphuhlisa ishishini lokukhanyisa yindlela ebalulekileyo, kodwa "akukho nto iseleyo, iMao iya kuncamathiselwa"?
(3) Ezinye iimpembelelo
Kwintengiso yeshishini lamashishini athumela iimveliso zokukhanyisa kumazwe angaphandle kunye neenkampani zokukhanyisa ngaphakathi, ikwalikhokelo lweshishini iinkampani ezininzi ezinethemba kwaye zilandele emva "kweSaziso" sikaRhulumente oMkhulu. Okwangoku, ngenxa yeemeko zobhubhane kunye neemfazwe zorhwebo, ukuveliswa kunye nokusebenza kwala mashishini kuchaphazele kakhulu.
Ilizwe lam lelona lizwe liphela lithumela ngaphandle iimveliso zeemoto zokukhanya. Emva kokuba i-WHO ibhengeze ukuba lo bhubhane wenyumoniya e-China wenza "isigulo esiphazamisayo sezempilo esixhalabisa umhlaba wonke", ifuthe elithe ngqo lokuthunyelwa kwelinye ilizwe kweenkampani zemveliso ezikhanyayo liyazibonakalisa. Iinkampani ezininzi kumzi-mveliso wokukhanyisa aziphazamisanga kuphela izicwangciso zazo zonyaka ngenxa yokuzahlula kunye nokulibaziseka ekuqaliseni umsebenzi ngenxa yobhubhane, kodwa bajongane nengxaki yokungabinayo ingeniso yokusebenza kunye nokuthwala iindleko ezahlukeneyo. Ezinye ii-SME zijamelene nenqanaba lobomi kunye nokufa. Imbono ayinathemba.
———— Ngokwenqaku elifanelekileyo leakhawunti kaWeChat kawonkewonke "Inethiwekhi yokuKhanya kweSixeko", uXiong Zhiqiang, umlawuli weShandong Tsinghua Kangli Urban Lighting Research and Design Institute wabonisa ukuba nangona ifuthe lobhubhane likhulu, icandelo lokukhanyisa isenokulindeleka kwixesha elizayo
Ukukhanya kwezempilo kuya kufika kwangaphambili
Ngaphambi kobhubhane, ukukhanya kwempilo kunokufika kwangoko. Kuqala phi oku kukhanya kwezempilo? Kuya kufuneka iqale ngesibane sokubulala iintsholongwane. Ewe, uluhlu lokukhanya kwezempilo lubanzi kakhulu, kubandakanya ukukhanya kwezonyango. Ndicinga ukuba eli bango linokufuneka nje.
Ewe kunjalo, ukukhanya kwezempilo kubandakanya ukukhanya okujolise ebantwini. Oku kushushu. Ukukhanyisa kuyafuneka ukubonelela ngobomi obungcono, kodwa ukukhanya kwenzalo kunokuba linyathelo eliphambili. Kuba ekugqibeleni, ikwafuneka ukuqinisekisa ubomi. Kulilize ukonwabela ubomi ngaphandle kobomi, ke ixesha lokukhanya kwezempilo liza kuqala. Ndicinga ukuba wonke umntu kufuneka abe nokulungiselela okugcweleyo.
Okwangoku, kukho iindawo ezininzi ezishushu onokuthi uhoye kuzo. Eyona ndawo inkulu eshushu, isibane se-UV esibulala iintsholongwane lithuba lethu sonke. Esi sibane sintsholongwane kufuneka sidibanise izandla nomzi-mveliso wokupakisha, umzi mveliso we-chip, njl., Wonke umntu kufuneka anike ingqalelo. Kodwa siluhlobo luni esi sibane sibonakalayo, nokuba sisibane sebhalbhu okanye isibane somgca, okanye loluphi olunye uhlobo lwesibane, lusetyenziselwa phi, nokuba lusetyenziswa kwikhabhathi yezihlangu, esetyenziswa ekhitshini okanye kwigumbi lokuhlambela, ikhabethe. Ndicinga ukuba le yimakethi engenasiphelo. Ukongeza kumakhaya, iindawo zikawonke-wonke kufuneka zisetyenziswe, kubandakanya nezikhululo zikaloliwe ezingaphantsi komhlaba, izibhedlele, izikolo nezinye iindawo zikawonke-wonke. Ndicinga ukuba oku kungangxamiseka ngakumbi kunokusebenzisa izibane kwigumbi lokufundela. Iichips kunye neetyhubhu ze-UV kufuneka zingabikho. Emva kokuba le mali ikhutshiwe, ndicinga ukuba yintengiso elungileyo kakhulu, hayi eyasekhaya kuphela kodwa eyamazwe aphesheya. Kufanelekile ukuba wonke umntu axoxe, ewe, inkampani nganye inendlela yayo, unokwenza into entsha.
U-Tang Guoqing, uSekela Sihlalo we-National Semiconductor Lighting Engineering R & D kunye ne-Alliance Alliance kunye noMlawuli we-Semi-Special Committee ye-China Lighting Society
Ixesha lokuposa: May-07-2020